In-Phase and Quadrature Imbalance: Modeling, Estimation, and Compensation

73 Pages·2014·0.826 MB·English

by  Yabo Li (auth.)

SPRINGER BRIEFS IN
ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Yabo Li
In-Phase and
Quadrature
Imbalance
Modeling,
Estimation, and
Compensation
123
SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer
Engineering
Forfurthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/10059

Yabo Li
In-Phase and Quadrature
Imbalance
Modeling, Estimation, and Compensation
123
YaboLi
DepartmentofInformationScience
andElectronicEngineering
ZhejiangUniversity
Hangzhou,Zhejiang
P.R.China
ISSN2191-8112 ISSN2191-8120(electronic)
ISBN978-1-4614-8617-6 ISBN978-1-4614-8618-3(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-8618-3
SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013949282
©TheAuthor(s)2014
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof
thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,
broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation
storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology
nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection
with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered
and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of
this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the
Publisher’slocation,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.
PermissionsforusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violations
areliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw.
Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication
doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant
protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of
publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor
anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with
respecttothematerialcontainedherein.
Printedonacid-freepaper
SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com)
Preface
In wireless communicationsystems, In-phaseand Quadrature(IQ) modulatorand
demodulatorare usually used at transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX), respectively.
For Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) and Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
limitedsystems,suchasmulti-giga-hertzbandwidthmillimeter-wavesystems,using
analogmodulatoranddemodulatorisstillalowpowerandlowcostsolution.Inthis
kindofsystems,theIQimbalancecannotbeignored.Numerouspapershavebeen
publishedtoinvestigatethisproblem.However,dependingondifferentassumptions,
differentmodelsof IQ imbalance are built and differentapproachesare proposed.
Thismakestheresearchersandsystemdesignengineerswhoarenewtothistopic
difficult to start with. The goal of this book is to provide a unified IQ imbalance
modelandsystematicallyreviewtheexistingestimationandcompensationschemes.
Theintendedaudienceofthisbookisthe researcherswhoare interestedin theIQ
imbalance as well as the system design engineers who need to deal with the IQ
imbalanceintheirsystems.
The book starts with a unified IQ imbalance model, and then investigates the
methodsthatareusedinestimationandcompensation.Sincedifferentmethodsmay
dependondifferentsystemassumptions,applicationscenarios,andimplementation
architectures, it is difficult to compare the performance in a fair setup. So, when
discussingthesemethods,thebookmainlyfocusesonthemathematicalderivations.
Thehopeisthatafterreadingthisbookthereaderscanfindanexistingmethodor
devise a new one that is more suitable for the systems they are going to design.
Due to the limited space and time, and also the limited knowledge of the author,
the method discussed in this book is far from extensive, and only literatures that
theauthoris familiarwith areincluded.Theauthorwouldliketo apologizeif any
importantliteraturesaremissinginthereferences.
The author would like to thank Dr. Xuemin (Sherman)Shen for providingthis
opportunitytowritethisbook.
Hangzhou,P.R.China YaboLi
v

Acknowledgements
TheworkissupportedbytheNationalScienceFoundationofChina(NSFC)under
Grant61010197and61271243,ChineseMinistryofEducationNewFacultyFund
underGrant20100101120039,andNationalScienceandTechnologyMajorProject
underGrant2011ZX03003-003-03.
vii

Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................... 1
References...................................................................... 2
2 TheIQImbalanceModel .................................................... 3
2.1 Introduction .............................................................. 3
2.2 TheIQImbalanceModelWithoutOtherImpairments................. 4
2.2.1 TheTimeDomainTransmitter-SideIQImbalanceModel .... 4
2.2.2 TheTimeDomainReceiver-SideIQImbalanceModel ....... 6
2.2.3 TheTimeDomainTransmitterandReceiverIQ
ImbalanceModel ................................................ 7
2.2.4 TheFrequencyDomainTransmitterandReceiver
IQImbalanceModel............................................. 10
2.3 TheIQImbalanceModelwithFrequencyOffset....................... 12
2.4 TheIQImbalanceModelwithPhaseNoise............................ 15
2.5 TheIQImbalanceModelwithSpatialMultiplexing................... 16
2.6 The IQ Imbalance Model
withSpace-Time/Space-FrequencyCode............................... 18
2.7 TheImpactofIQImbalanceModelonPerformance .................. 22
2.8 Conclusions .............................................................. 25
References...................................................................... 25
3 FrequencyIndependentIQImbalanceEstimation
andCompensation............................................................ 29
3.1 Introduction .............................................................. 29
3.2 RXOnlyIQImbalanceEstimationandCompensation
WithoutOtherImpairments ............................................. 30
3.2.1 Compensation.................................................... 30
3.2.2 ParameterEstimation............................................ 32
3.3 Joint TX and RX IQ Imbalance Estimation
andCompensationWithoutOtherImpairments........................ 33
3.3.1 Compensation.................................................... 34
3.3.2 ParameterEstimation............................................ 35
ix