Immersive Technology in Smart Cities: Augmented and Virtual Reality in IoT (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing) PDF
Preview Immersive Technology in Smart Cities: Augmented and Virtual Reality in IoT (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing Sagaya Aurelia Sara Paiva Editors Immersive Technology in Smart Cities Augmented and Virtual Reality in IoT EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing Series Editor Imrich Chlamtac, European Alliance for Innovation, Ghent, Belgium Editor’s Note The impact of information technologies is creating a new world yet not fully understood. The extent and speed of economic, life style and social changes already perceived in everyday life is hard to estimate without understanding the technological driving forces behind it. This series presents contributed volumes featuring the latest research and development in the various information engineering technologies that play a key role in this process. The range of topics, focusing primarily on communications and computing engi- neering include, but are not limited to, wireless networks; mobile communication; design and learning; gaming; interaction; e-health and pervasive healthcare; energy management; smart grids; internet of things; cognitive radio networks; computa- tion; cloud computing; ubiquitous connectivity, and in mode general smart living, smart cities, Internet of Things and more. The series publishes a combination of expanded papers selected from hosted and sponsored European Alliance for Innovation (EAI) conferences that present cutting edge, global research as well as provide new perspectives on traditional related engineering fields. This content, complemented with open calls for contribution of book titles and individual chap- ters, together maintain Springer’s and EAI’s high standards of academic excellence. The audience for the books consists of researchers, industry professionals, advanced level students as well as practitioners in related fields of activity include information and communication specialists, security experts, economists, urban planners, doc- tors, and in general representatives in all those walks of life affected ad contributing to the information revolution. Indexing: This series is indexed in Scopus, Ei Compendex, and zbMATH. About EAI EAI is a grassroots member organization initiated through cooperation between businesses, public, private and government organizations to address the global challenges of Europe’s future competitiveness and link the European Research community with its counterparts around the globe. EAI reaches out to hundreds of thousands of individual subscribers on all continents and collaborates with an institutional member base including Fortune 500 companies, government organizations, and educational institutions, provide a free research and innovation platform. Through its open free membership model EAI promotes a new research and innovation culture based on collaboration, connectivity and recognition of excellence by community. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15427 Sagaya Aurelia • Sara Paiva Editors Immersive Technology in Smart Cities Augmented and Virtual Reality in IoT Editors Sagaya Aurelia Sara Paiva CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castel Bengaluru, Karnataka, India VIANA DO CASTELO, Portugal ISSN 2522-8595 ISSN 2522-8609 (electronic) EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing ISBN 978-3-030-66606-4 ISBN 978-3-030-66607-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66607-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland This humble work is dedicated to the one who was with us carried us, guided us and led us throughout this publication journey the Almighty God of Supremacy! Sagaya Aurelia Sara Paiva Preface Immersive technologies refer to any technology that outspreads, matches and rein- vents the reality we go through by the amalgamation of the virtual and physical worlds and offer a complete immersive involvement. These technologies are pres- ently becoming mandatory and take the technological spectrum to the next level when implemented and used especially in smart cities. Immersive technologies play a vital role in smart cities based on the usage, application and human involvement. Chapter 1 discusses augmented reality with mixed reality, and virtual reality inte- grates digital information with digital real-world objects and puts the student in a virtual world. It gives a shared understanding of the current and future applications of immersive technology in the education sector. Chapter 2 focuses on the field of education where internal combustion engine (IC engine) is considered. Using AR application, the learner will be able to have a 3D view of all the parts of the IC engine and interactively acquire a detailed knowledge about it with visual and audio information given with a real environment interaction. Chapter 3 presents a system- atic review of Location-based Mobile Augmented Reality (LBMAR) system and outlines research issues that require more investigation. Chapter 4 explains in detail human-computer interaction (HCI), virtual reality (VR), various natural disasters, and the role and impact of VR environment in creating awareness and providing precautionary measures for preventing natural disasters. Chapter 5 discusses vari- ous technologies of IoT in health care and their numerous applications in the medi- cal field. It also introduces the involvement of augmented reality that is acquiring a new dimension in the Internet of Things. Chapter 6 addresses the implementation of a QMS that helps to correctly manage the information and knowledge that the organization obtains and generates to put in value and improve the services received by the citizen, reducing both salary costs and training of personnel. Chapter 7 proposes a framework of the computing and clustering mechanism that suits for the creation of the smart city application. Chapter 8 demonstrates the need for smart cities in our lives, the technologies avail- able that support the applications needed for a smart city, aspects of the smart appli- cation for smart cities and the barriers to the transformation programme. Chapter 9 provides a survey of the IoT applications in smart cities and the analysed study is vii viii Preface elaborated. Chapter 10 proposes the water quality and distribution monitoring sys- tem using IoT. This proposed system with Internet of Things together with the sen- sors for governing the quality and quantity of water improves the quality of water supplied and also avoids its wastage. Chapter 11 covers the real-time security tools and techniques to attack the IoT devices to defend against them by building a holis- tic view of the aggregated analytics layer. This edited book mainly deals with the core ideas and application of immersive technologies in smart cities for various domains in detail, which is one of the main highlights of this book. Since it is an interdisciplinary book, we anticipate it will be beneficial to an extensive diversity of readers and will afford useful information to professors, researchers and students. Bangalore, Karnataka, India Sagaya Aurelia Viana do Castelo, Portugal Sara Paiva Acknowledgements “Every good and perfect gift is from above”. Above all, I concede my greatest educator of all and foundation of Wisdom, God Almighty, for all of His showers of blessings, strength and valour throughout this whole process. I would like to recognize EAI/Springer for providing us the space and profes- sionalism, as well as the loyalty and indefatigability shown by them. Predominantly we would like to thank Dr. Eliska Vickova, Managing Director, for the leadership and ideas provided during the course of this book publication. Each and every author who has contributed to this book requires a noteworthy acknowledgement. We would like to specially mention our gratitude to all the reviewers who took time from their busy schedules to help in reviewing the contri- butions of the authors. With a deep sense of appreciation and love, we would like to acknowledge Dr. Joseph Varghese, Director of Center for research, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Prof. Joy Paulose, HOD, Department of Computer Science, CHRIST University, Bangalore, and the Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Portugal, as well as all the university staff members, seniors and other colleagues both from India and Portugal who helped throughout this publication journey. We would like to thank our families as they are the true source of inspiration to us. Special thanks to our husbands Dr. Xavier Patrick Kishore and Rogério Paiva, our children Jeffe Charissa, Jazanio Emmanuel, Diana and Leonardo and also our parents for being considerate and helpful during the venture. Every person whom we came across during this project was a blessing and taught us something. We acknowledge all researchers with whom we collaborate through- out the globe, explicitly the ones with whom we share the edition of this book. Sagaya Aurelia Sara Paiva ix Contents 1 Exploring Immersive Technology in Education for Smart Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Jasmine Beulah Gnanadurai, S. Thirumurugan, and V. Vinothina 2 Immersive Learning About IC-Engine Using Augmented Reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 K. B. Ashwini, H. D. GopalKrishna, S. Akhil, and Abhishek D. Pattanshetti 3 Location-Based Mobile Augmented Reality Systems: A Systematic Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Arvind Ramtohul and Kavi Kumar Khedo 4 Innovative Natural Disaster Precautionary Methods Through Virtual Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 S. Surya and Sagaya Aurelia 5 Internet of Things: Immersive Healthcare Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A. Vijayalakshmi, Deepa V. Jose, and Sarwath Unnisa 6 Implementation of an Intelligent Model Based on Big Data and Decision-Making Using Fuzzy Logic Type-2 for the Car Assembly Industry in an Industrial Estate in Northern Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 José Peinado, Alberto Ochoa, and Sara Paiva 7 Cloud Computing Model on Wireless Ad Hoc Network Using Clustering Mechanism for Smart City Applications . . . . . . . . . 123 S. Thirumurugan and Jasmine Beulah Gnanadurai 8 Smart Cities New Paradigm Applications and Challenges . . . . . . . . . 147 Ossama Embarak xi
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