Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders PDF
Preview Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders
Current Clinical Neurology Daniel Tarsy, md, Series Editor For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7630 Oksana Suchowersky Cynthia Comella ● Editors Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Foreword by Christopher G. Goetz Editors Oksana Suchowersky Cynthia Comella Department of Medicine (Neurology) Department of Neurology and Medical Genetics Rush University Medical Center University of Alberta Chicago, IL, USA Edmonton, AB, Canada ISBN 978-1-58829-805-8 ISBN 978-1-60327-120-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-120-2 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012932631 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012. Corrected at 2nd printing 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply , even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is a brand of Springer Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media ( www.springer.com ) Series Editor Introduction Traditionally, movement disorders are broadly classifi ed as being either hypokinetic or hyperkinetic in type. Although this is an oversimplifi cation, the distinction is a useful one. Hypokinetic disorders are more common, are often associated with mus- cle rigidity, and are characterized by an overall reduction and slowness of spontane- ous voluntary movement. This group of disorders is generally well recognized both by physicians and the general public in the form of parkinsonism or Parkinson’s disease. By contrast, except for tremor, hyperkinetic movement disorders are much less common and are phenomenologically much more varied in their appearance than the more common parkinsonian akinetic-rigid syndromes. Moreover, hyperki- netic movement disorders are often highly unusual in their appearance and may appear to have a “bizarre” quality to clinicians unfamiliar with these disorders. Textbooks concerning hypokinetic movement disorders are numerous. By contrast, textbooks concerning hyperkinetic disorders are relatively few, a fact which makes the contribution of this volume a valuable one. Despite modern advances in diagnostic technology, the identifi cation and clas- sifi cation of movement disorders continues to heavily rely on the clinical pattern recognition of characteristic clinical features. This is especially true of the hyperki- netic disorders which are generally uncommon and quite often rare. Since words are often inadequate to describe complex hyperkinetic movements it is extremely use- ful that this volume includes a collection of representative video examples of these disorders. The volume includes a chapter on the basic pathophysiology of the hyper- kinetic disorders followed by chapters on the diagnosis and treatment of chorea, dystonia, Tourette syndrome, developmental tic disorders, tremor, myoclonus, drug- induced movement disorders most of which are hyperkinetic, and paroxysmal dys- kinesias. Appropriately, there is also a chapter on psychogenic movement disorders which so commonly take on the form of hyperkinetic disorders. The volume is v vi Series Editor Introduction capped off by a comprehensive discussion of hyperkinetic disorders in children and the increasing role of functional neurosurgery in the treatment of some of these disorders. The chapters are written by a very experienced group of clinicians well versed in the sorting out of this group of challenging conditions. Boston, MA, USA Daniel Tarsy, MD Foreword In an era that increasingly leans on Evidence-Based Medicine and prioritizes the power of technology, the role of the excellent teacher is more and more needed to place data in the perspective of neurological expertise and compassionate patient care. This small volume is authored by a roll-call of the most celebrated teachers in the fi eld of movement disorders and is expertly organized by its two editors who have a long history in neurological education. The chapters are concise and focused, allowing clinicians to gather essential information and most importantly place the clinical and scientifi c data in a practical patient care context. The rich video collection that accompanies the book attests to the wide variety of patients these experts see and treat, and the selection of cases allows the reader to focus on important distinc- tions and nuances that only visual material can communicate. This video collection can be found on the accompanying DVD. With an interest in neurological history and a consciousness of this US–Canadian collaboration, I feel it is appropriate to cite a quotation from William Osler whose career spanned the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and whose heritage likewise represented these two countries. He wrote: The knowledge which a man can use is the only real knowledge, the only knowledge which has life and growth in it and converts itself into practical power. The rest hangs like dust around the brain or dries like raindrops off stones [1]. Indeed, the reader of H yperkinetic Movement Disorders will fi nd these keys to real knowledge and its practical power will have no concerns about collecting brain dust or raindrops. Chicago, IL, USA Christopher G. Goetz, MD 1. Silverman ME, Murray TJ, Bryan CS. The quotable Osler. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians Publications; 2003. vii Preface Although there have been innumerable excellent books written about hypokinetic movement disorders such as Parkinson disease, few are devoted to disorders char- acterized predominantly by excessive movements. This edition of Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders is directed toward clinicians, including neurologists, psychia- trists, neurosurgeons, internists, primary care physicians, and those in training in these disciplines, that are or wish to be involved in the clinical care of patients. The book is organized according to specifi c disorders or syndromes, with chap- ters written by internationally recognized experts in each area. Each chapter is orga- nized by the individual authors in order to best highlight the salient features of the disorder. In addition, one of the unique features of this book is that each chapter is accompanied by video examples of the disorders. Although words provide elegant descriptions, it is the characteristic movements of the patient that will lead to the correct diagnosis. Despite the availability of an ever expanding number of imaging, genetic and laboratory tests, without a complete history, competent examination, and visual evaluation of the phenomenology, diagnosis of the hyperkinetic disorders is almost impossible. Hence, the added video examples on DVD are an integral part of this volume. We would like to thank the authors of each chapter for their excellent work and clarity. We would also like to thank the patients who allowed us to use their video- tapes. Finally, we would like to express our appreciation to Richard Lansing from Springer Science + Business Media and Humana Press, who has edited a series of volumes, for his helpful suggestions and guidance. We hope this volume will be a valuable asset to your neurology library and that it will lead to a better understanding and recognition of the hyperkinetic movement disorders, which in turn leads to better care for patients. Edmonton, AB, Canada Oksana Suchowersky Chicago, IL, USA Cynthia Comella ix
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