Human Motivation and Interpersonal Relationships: Theory, Research, and Applications

355 Pages·2014·3.56 MB·English

by  Netta Weinstein (eds.)

Netta Weinstein Editor
Human
Motivation and
Interpersonal
Relationships
Theory, Research, and Applications
Human Motivation and Interpersonal Relationships

Netta Weinstein
Editor
Human Motivation
and Interpersonal
Relationships
Theory, Research, and Applications
Editor
Netta Weinstein
Department of Psychology
University of Essex
Colchester , United Kingdom
ISBN 978-94-017-8541-9 ISBN 978-94-017-8542-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-8542-6
Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014933543
© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
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Contents
Part I Introduction to the Study of Motivation in Relationships
1 On the Mutuality of Human Motivation and Relationships .............. 3
Netta Weinstein and Cody R. DeHaan
2 The Universality of Psychological Autonomy Across Cultures:
Arguments from Developmental and Social Psychology .................... 27
Valery Chirkov
3 Autonomy and Need Satisfaction in Close Relationships:
Relationships Motivation Theory ......................................................... 53
Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan
Part II Mechanisms and Outcomes of Motivation:
The ‘Dark Side’ and ‘Bright Side’ of Relationships
4 Is Relatedness Enough? On the Importance of Need Support
in Different Types of Social Experiences ............................................. 77
Christopher P. Niemiec , Bart Soenens , and Maarten Vansteenkiste
5 On the Flexibility of the Automatic Us-Them Divide ......................... 97
Jen- Ho Chang , Holley S. Hodgins , Yi-Cheng Lin , and Chin-Lan Huang
6 The Self-Concept in Relationships ....................................................... 121
Martin F. Lynch
7 Self-Determination and Regulation of Conflict
in Romantic Relationships .................................................................... 139
C. Raymond Knee , Ben Porter , and Lindsey M. Rodriguez
v
vi Contents
8 The Role of Autonomy in Intergroup Processes:
Toward an Integration of Self- Determination
Theory and Intergroup Approaches ..................................................... 159
Lisa Legault and Catherine E. Amiot
9 Autonomy Support as Acceptance for Disclosing
and Developing a Healthy Lesbian, Gay,
Bisexual or Transgendered Identity ..................................................... 191
Nicole Legate and William S. Ryan
Part III Applications of Motivation Research
10 Parental Conditional Regard: Psychological Costs
and Antecedents ..................................................................................... 215
Avi Assor , Yaniv Kanat-Maymon , and Guy Roth
11 Relationships Within Physical Activity Settings ................................. 239
Martyn Standage and Lydia G. Emm
12 The Importance of Need-Supportive Relationships
for Motivation and Psychological Health at Work .............................. 263
Véronique Dagenais-Desmarais , Jacques Forest , Sarah Girouard ,
and Laurence Crevier-Braud
13 The Influence of the Social Environment on Health Behavior .......... 299
Jennifer G. La Guardia and Heather Patrick
14 Motivation in the Client-Counselor Relationship ............................... 317
Martin F. Lynch
15 Self-Determination and the Patient-Health
Practitioner Relationship ...................................................................... 335
Geoffrey C. Williams
Part I
Introduction to the Study
of Motivation in Relationships
Chapter 1
On the Mutuality of Human Motivation
and Relationships
Netta Weinstein and Cody R. DeHaan
Motivation
M otivational processes are responsible for initiating and directing human activity;
they energize behavior, generate and increase task engagement, and direct actions
toward certain ends or goals. They are also inextricably linked with relational expe-
riences. People bring their goals, values, hopes, and past regulatory experiences
to bear on various types of relationships and interactions. The nature of these moti-
vational forces that bring people into contact with each other, and that keep them
interacting, plays a critical role in relationships. The chapters collected in this book
describe the links between human motivation and the infl uential interactions and
relationships that shape individuals’ daily lives and long-term experiences.
T he links between human motivation and relational experiences are not simple.
As these chapters describe, social interactions and infl uential relationships shape
the qualities and extent of motivation. Support for healthy motivation (or lack
thereof) by important relationship fi gures (e.g., parents) as well as by individuals
who have a specifi c social role (e.g., physicians) infl uences stable motivational
orientations or dispositions over time, and shape one’s sense of well-being, psycho-
logical growth, and resilience over the long term. Moreover, research conducted
in this fi eld shows that relational fi gures impact motivation through a number of
identifi able interpersonal behaviors that communicate and provide support to a
greater or lesser extent. For example, interactions may be characterized by the ways
that feedback is given, the style by which opinions are expressed, or reactions to
desirable and undesirable behaviors and values.
N. Weinstein (*)
Department of Psychology, University of Essex , Colchester , UK
e-mail: [email protected]
C. R. DeHaan
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester ,
Rochester , NY , USA
N. Weinstein (ed.), Human Motivation and Interpersonal Relationships: 3
Theory, Research, and Applications, DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-8542-6_1,
© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
4 N. Weinstein and C.R. DeHaan
Fig. 1.1 Cyclical model
depicting relations between
Open and receptive,
human motivation and
Healthy non-defensive
relationships
motivation relational approach
Psychological
well-being
Constructive
relational
behaviors
Relational
supports
Positive effects
on relational
figures
The ways in which relational figures communicate motivationally laden
messages affect emotions, energy levels, and the quality of goal-directed behaviors
in a given context (e.g., school, workplace, health care). However, these messages
also provide input toward learning about interpersonal contexts as a whole, and as a
result have impacts outside of any particular context; instead, affecting individuals
across all life domains and throughout the lifespan. The psychological processes
and interpersonal behaviors that result from past experiences shape adaptive or
non-a daptive responding in interpersonal contexts. For example, an unhealthy
relationship or series of experiences in an infl uential domain can give rise to a
negative motivational style, leading to unhealthy behaviors in future relationships.
It would seem then that these motivationally relevant communications (relational
inputs) impact the qualities of interactions (relational outputs) by shaping motiva-
tion. The links between motivation and relationships may therefore be modeled by
a cyclical series of effects wherein motivational styles are infl uenced by both early
and adult relationships and interactions, and in turn impact individuals’ behaviors in
their relationships {Fig. 1 .1 presents a broad representation of this cyclical model,
summarizing the relations described in this book}. For example, behaviors of
parents and early caregivers may infl uence tendencies or dispositions toward
certain motivations as children develop into adulthood, carrying the lessons they
have learned with early caregivers into new relationships and relational situations.
Because of their continuing infl uence, these dispositions in turn shape childhood,
adolescent, and adult interactions with parents, affecting negative tendencies toward
conformity and self-suppression, rebelliousness and interpersonal distance, as well
as positive trajectories toward closeness and trust in other cases.
In addition to the lifelong impacts that important relational fi gures have, experi-
ences in particular life contexts often have an impact on future motivational tenden-
cies specifi c to those contexts, and these tendencies in turn affect context-dependent