How to design, build & program your own working computer system PDF
Preview How to design, build & program your own working computer system
Digitized by the Internet Archive 2012 in http://archive.org/details/howtodesignbuildOOhavi TD HQKI DESIGN, BUILD & PROGRAM VQJH QKIN KIQRKIND COMPUTER SYSTEM Other TAB books by the author: No. 792 Build-ItBook ofMiniature Test& MeasurementInstru- ments No. 905 Build-ItBook ofDigital Electronic Timepieces No. 975 The "Compulator"Book-BuildingSuper Calculators & MinicomputerHardware with Calculator Chips No. 1111 $14.95 TQ HQKI DESIGN, g PROGRAM BUILD am vauR KORKING CQH1PUTEH SYSTEM BV ROBERT R HftHUlffl TAB BOOKS BLUE RIDGE SUMMIT, PA. 17214 — FIRST EDITION FIRST PRINTING—MARCH 1979 SECOND PRINTING—JANUARY 1980 Copyright©1979 byTAB BOOKS Printed in the United States ofAmerica Reproductionorpublication ofthecontentin any manner, withoutexpress permissionofthepublisher,isprohibited.Noliabilityisassumedwithrespect tothe use ofthe information herein. Library ofCongress Cataloging In Publication Data Haviland, Robert P Howtodesign,buildandprogramyourownworkingcomputer system. Bibliography:p. Includes index. 1. Electronic digital computers—Design and construction Amateurs' manuals. I. Title. TK9969.H38 621.3819'58'2 79-11200 ISBN 0-8306-9810-8 ISBN 0-8306-1111-8 pbk. ————— Contents Introduction 7 A Home-Built Computer—The Basic Approach 13 Central ProcessorSelection—The StructureoftheSC/MP—The External Buses of the SC/MP—The Complete SC/MP Block Diagram—Memory—Addressing & Memory Organization TimingSignalsintheSC/—MP—TheSC/MPInstruct—ionSet—Notes on the Instruction Set Learning—to Program Elements of Machine Language Programming Mnemonic Programming — Some Programming Hints Notes on Data Form. Main-Frame Construction: Peripherals & Input/Output Programming 63 Console Construction—Connector Mounting—Power Supply TheSmallComputerI/O Problem—Elementary Human Oriented I/O Devices—Control Panel Design—Alternate Lights & Switches—Printers& Keyboards—Typewritersas I/O Devices- Elements of Teleprinter Operation—Interfacing the Teletype & Computer—Paper Tape for the Computer—Optical Readers Magnetic Tape Records—Optical Readout—The TVT—Light Pens—Other I/O Devices—I/O Co—ntrol & Operation- Microprogramming for the I/O Device I/O Programming for SC/MP. The Central Processor: Address Programming 107 TheSC/M—PChip—CircuitDesign——AlternateData&AddressBus Buffering; System Bus Structure Alternate Bus Structure Keeping Track of Bus Data——Construction Hints—Securing Alignment of the Board Foil W—ire-Wrap Construction—CPU Board Lay—out & Construction Programming Techniques: Addres—sing Creation of a Loop Counter—Subroutine Call & Return Stack Programming. —— The Control Panel & First System Test: The Operating System — 145 Indicator Func—tions—Input P—rovisions—Panel L—ayout Control Panel Cir—cuits Constructi—on Preliminary Tes—t First System Checkout A Testing Hint Program Training The—Operating System—Major Elements of an Operating System Operating System Elements. The Read/Write Memory Board: Building Your Operating System 175 Memory Needs—Addressing Memory—Ram Selection Considerations—Design Considerations—Board Construc- — — tion Pr—einstallation Check Final Checkout & —Program Training Control Panel Mod—ification of Memory/IO Typical Operating System Programs Your Small Computer Operating System. A Serial I/O Board: Building the Operating System 205 CPU to Teleprinter Converter—Teleprinter to CPU Converter- SignalGenerationfortheTapeRecorder—Frequency-ShiftKeyer Generator—Frequency-ShiftK—eying Demodulator—Teleprinter& Tape Recorder Connections Board Layout & Construction Board Checkout—System Checkout—Programming I/O — Operati—ons Formats for —Teleprinter Signals—R—F Inter- ference Programming—Note Programming Practi—ce Building theOperating System—Startup-Bootstrap Loaders Debugging theOperating System System Control Programming—Building the Library—The Advanced System—Further Extension—The SC/MP UsersGroup. Read-Only Memory Cards: Elements of Assemblers 237 ROM, PROM, CROM—& EPROM—Elements ofa Diode Crom— Layout&Construction ComponentsfortheROMBoard—Board Checkout—Programming the CROM—Elements of a Bootstrap Loader—Other Uses of the CROM—Boards for PROM/ EPROM—Elements of the Assembler—Establishing Conventions—The Forward Reference Problem—TheSymbol & Operation—Tables—Interpreter or Compiler—Assembler Expansion Obtaining an Assembler. 8 Expanding Your Computer 263 FastMemoryExpansion—SlowMemoryExpansion—AnInterrupt PriorityBoard—AParallelToSerialDataConverter—ParallelOp- erationofTeleprinter—ANumericalCalculationBoard—ATime& Interval Board—A Pseudora—ndom Generator—Remote Com- munication & Interconnection Computer Co—ntrolled Systems Concluding Remarks Regarding Expansion Higher Level Lan- guages: BASIC—Tiny BASIC—Programming With BASIC— NotesonTiny BASICTranslation—Extending Tiny BASIC. How To Use The Reference and Additional Reading Sections 300 References 301 Additional Reading 305 Index 307
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