How to build tutoring systems that are almost as effective as human tutors? PDF
Preview How to build tutoring systems that are almost as effective as human tutors?
How to build tutoring systems that are almost as effective as human tutors? Kurt VanLehn School of Computing, Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University 1 Outline Next Types of tutoring systems Step-based tutoring ≈ human tutoring How to build a step-based tutor Increasing their effectiveness Flame 2 Two major design dimensions Personalization of assignments – Non-adaptive – Competency gating » using sequestered assessments » one factor per module – Adaptive task selection » using embedded assessments » one factor per knowledge component Granularity of feedback, hints & other interaction o Assignment (e.g., conventional homework) – Answer (e.g., most regular tutoring systems) – Step (e.g., most Intelligent Tutoring Systems) 3 – Sub-step (e.g., human tutors & some ITS) Example: Pearson’s Personalization Mastering Physics – Non-adaptive Ø Competency gating – Adaptive task selection Granularity Ø Answer – Step – Sub-step 4 Example: Andes Personalization Physics Tutor Ø Non-adaptive – Competency gating – Adaptive task selection Granularity – Answer Ø Step – Sub-step 5 Example: Cordillera Personalization Physics Tutor Ø Non-adaptive – Competency gating – Adaptive task selection Granularity – Answer – Step A step Ø Sub-step 6 Example: Carnegie Personalization Learning’s Tutors – Non-adaptive – Competency gating Ø Adaptive task selection Granularity – Answer Ø Step – Sub-step 7 Carnegie Learning’s skillometer shows knowledge components & current competence Entering a given Identifying units Finding X, any form Writing expression Placing points Changing axis intervals Changing axis bounds 8 Example: Entity-relation Personalization Tutor Ø Non-adaptive – Competency gating – Adaptive task selection Granularity – Answer Ø Step – Sub-step 9 Availability Non-adaptive Competency Adaptive task gating selection Answer-based Thousands Hundreds Few feedback/hints Step-based Hundreds Tens Few feedback/hints (few on market) Sub-step based Tens None None feedback/hints 10
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