High-T c Superconductors

343 Pages·1988·11.7 MB·English

by  B. Raveau, F. Deslandes, C. Michel, M. Hervieu, G. Heger, G. Roth (auth.), Harald W. Weber (eds.)

HIGH-Tc
SUPERCONDUCTORS
HIGH-Tc
SUPERCONDUCTORS
Edited by
Harald W. Weber
Atomic Institute of the Austrian Universities
Vienna, Austria
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
High-T[subscript c] superconductors 1 edited by Harald W. Weber.
p. cm.
Proceedings of an International Discussion Meeting on High-T[subscript c] Super-
conductors, held Feb. 7-11, 1988, at the Castle of Mauterndorf, in Salzburg, Austria.
Bibliography: p.
!nelu des index.
ISBN 978-1-4899-0848-3 ISBN 978-1-4899-0846-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-0846-9
1. High temperature superconductors-Congresses.l. Weber, Harald W. Il. Interna
tional Discussion Meeting on High-T[subscript c] Superconductors (1988: Salzburg,
Austria)
QC611.98.H54H54 1988 88-30730
537.6'23-dc19 CIP
Proceedings of an International Discussion Meeting on
High-Te Superconductors, held February 7- Il, 1988,
at the Castle of Mauterndorf, in Salzburg, Austria.
© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1988
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1988
AII rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
In the past two years conferences on superconductivity have been
characterized by the attendance of hundreds of scientists. Consequently,
the organizers were forced to schedule numerous parallel sessions and
poster presentations with an almost unsurveyable amount of information.
It was, therefore, felt that a more informal get-together, providing
ample time for a thourough discussion of some topics of current interest
in high-temperature superconductivity, was timely and benefitial for
leading scientists as well as for newcomers in the field.
The present volume contains the majority of papers presented at the
International Discussion Meeting on High-Tc Superconductors held at the
Mauterndorf Castle in the Austrian Alps from February 7 to 11, 1988. Each
subject was introduced in review form by a few invited speakers and then
discussed together with the contributed poster presentations. These
discussion sessions chaired by selected scientists turned out to be the
highlights of the meeting, not only because all the participants truly
appreciated the possibility of an information exchange, but mainly
because of the magnificent job done by the discussion chairmen,
John A. Mydosh (Leiden), Martin Peter (Geneva) and Ken E. Gray (Argonne).
First results on the just discovered Bi-superconductors and the
clarification of electron resonance experiments on (123)-compounds should
be mentioned in particular.
The relaxed atomosphere favoring free discussions was certainly promoted
by the surroundings offered in the Mauterndorf Castle, which dates back
to 1253. Poster presentations and a conference banquet in historic
knight's halls are certainly not found everyday in conference routines.
Special thanks are due to the staff of the castle and the state of
Salzburg, which offered the conference location and provided financial
support. Furthermore, I wish to acknowledge the encouragement of
Prof.Dr.Hans Tuppy, Minister of Science and Research, who also attended
to open the meeting, the support of the Federal Ministry of science and
Research, the Austrian Physical Society and the Atomic Institute of the
Austrian Universities. The invaluable help of the staff members Dr.Erwin
Seidl, Dr.Franz M. Sauerzopf, Mr.Hans Niedermaier, Mrs.Ilse Futterer and,
in particular, Mrs.Brigitta Buchberger as well as of my graduate students
Trixi Vlcek, Marcus Frischherz, Peter Gregshammer, Michael Wacenovsky and
Heinrich Wiesinger are gratefully acknowledged.
Finally, I wish to thank Plenum for the smooth cooperation during the
production of this book, Brigitta Buchberger for her patience with the
typing of numerous papers and my wife Ann for her help with the editing
of this book.
Harald w. Weber
v
CONTENTS
SECTION 1: OVERVIEW
The solid state chemistry of mixed valence copper oxide
high Tc superconductors (invited) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3
B.Raveau, F.Deslandes, C.Michel, M.Hervieu,
G.Heger and G.Roth
Critical overview of theories for high temperature
superconductors (invited) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 13
C.M.Varma
SECTION 2: MATERIALS-STRUCTURE
some effects of chemical substitution and applied pressure
on high Tc copper oxide superconductors (invited) ••••••••••• 29
M.B.Maple, Y.Dalichaouch, E.A.Early, B.W.Lee,
J.T.Markert, M.W.McElfresh, J.J.Neumeier,
C.L.Seaman, M.S.Torikachvili, K.N.Yang
and H.Zhou
Defect chemistry of oxide superconductors (invited) 41
K.Fueki, K.Kitazawa, K.Kishio and T.Hasegawa
Deviation from linearity of the cu-o chains in
orthorhombic YBa2cu3o7 by high-resolution neutron
powder diffraction .••.••.•••••.••.•••.••••.••••••••.•••••.•• 53
M.Francois, A.Junod, K.Yvon and A.W.Hewat
Electron irradiation effects in YBa2cu3o7_6 single crystals 59
M.A.Kirk, M.C.Baker, J.Z.Liu, D.J.Lam and H.W.Weber
Physical properties and structural chemistry of YBa2cu3ox
prepared by a defined oxygen sorption procedure ••••••••••••• 67
P.Meuffels, B.Rupp and H.Wenzl
Correlation of Tc with the rare earth size in (Ln)Ba2cu3o6+x
superconductors (Ln = La,Nd,Sm,Eu,Yb "Cocktails").
Single crystal x-ray diffraction and electron
microscopy studies • ••••..••••••••.••..••••••••.••••.••.•..•• 75
J.Galy, R.Enjalbert, P.Millet, M.J.Casanove and C.Roucau
vii
Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and infrared
spectra of superconducting RBa2cu3o7 with R = Y,Sc,Tm,
Ho,Eu,Nd,Gd • • • . • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . . • • • • • . • • . • • • • • . . • • • • 83
H.Gruber, E.Krautz, H.P.Fritzer, K.Gatterer, G.Sperka,
w.sitte and A.Popitsch
Heat capacity measurements on some high-Tc superconductors 89
H.Slaski, B.D.Dunlap, M.V.Nevitt and Z.Sungaila
Sp~cific heat of the superconducting compound YBa2cu3o7_x
in magnetic fields •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••..••• 95
G.K.Panova, M.N.Khlopkin, N.A.Chernoplekov, A.A.Shikov,
B.Fogarassy, L.Granassy, s.Pekker and L.Mihaly
Effect of CUjZn substitution upon superconductivity in
YBa2(cu1_xznx)3o7_5 and La1 85sr0 15cu1_¥znxo4_6 99
K.Remschnig, P.Rogl, E.Bauer, ~.Eibler, G.Hllscher,
H.Kirchmayr and N.Pillmayr
Effect of composition and atomic substitutions on
structure and superconductivity of Y1Ba2cu3ox ••••••••••••••• 107
M.M.Oleksienko, N.N.Matyushenko, L.F.Verkhorobin,
V.V.Derevyanko, V.N.Golovin and S.D.Lavrinenko
Transport and spectroscopic properties of undoped and Zn-
doped ceramic superconductors ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 113
H.Kuzmany, M.Matus, E.Faulques, K.Remschnig and P.Rogl
Raman investigations of the Y-Ba-cu-o-system •••••••••••••••••••••• 121
P.Knoll and W.Kiefer
Difference of thermoelectric power in single and multiple
phase Y-Ba-cu-o superconductors ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 129
T.Porjesz, !.Kirschner, G.Kovacs, T.Karman and G.Zsolt
as a promising source of rare earths, strontium and
~patite
barium for high temperature superconductors ••••••••••••••••• 135
J,I.Skorovarov, V.V.Shatalov, V.D.Kosynkin and
V.A.Semenov
SECTION 3: THEORY-MECHANISMS
Boaon exchange mechanisms and the high Tc oxides (invited) •••••••• 141
J.P.Carbotte
Mechanisms of high-Tc superconductivity (invited) ••••••••••••••••• 153
W.Weber
Anisotropy effects in the system La-sr-CU-0 ••••••••••••••••••••••• 163
W.Pint, M.Prohammer and E.Schachinger
Influence of pressure and substitution of copper by
transition metals on high-Tc superconductors •••••••••••••••• 169
J.Kasperozyk
Test of phonon mediated pairing from Raman scattering on
high-teDperature superconductors •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 177
K.Svozil and R.Lassnig
viii
Are one-dimensional structural features essential for
superconductivity at 90 K? •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 183
A.Simon, H.Borrmann, W.Bauhofer, R.K.Kremer and
H.Mattausch
Theory of oxygen ordering and absorption in 1,2,3 high-Tc
superconductors • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 191
J.P.A.Westerveld, D.M.R.Lo Cascio, H.Bakker and
D.O. Welch
cu d-d orbital transitions and charge-transfer excitations
in high-Tc superconductors •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 195
H.P.Geserich, G.Scheiber, J.Geerk, H.C.Li, W.Weber,
H.Romberg, N.Nucker, J.Fink and B.Gegenheimer
Electronic structure of La2_xSrxcuo4 and YBa2cu3o7~y •••••••••••••• 201
J.Fink, N.Nucker, H.Romberg, J.C.Fuggle, P.J.W.~ijs,
R.Schoorl, P.J.Durham, W.M.Temmerman and B.Gegenheimer
susceptibility and M~ssbauer studies of orthorhombic and
tetragonal EuBa~(CU1_x57Fex)3o7_5 ••••••••••••••••••••••.•••• 209
E.Ikonen, J.Hietan1emi, K.H~rk~nen, M.Karppinen,
T.Katila, J.Linden, L.Niinist~, H.Sipola,
I.Tittonen and K.Ullakko
search for barium isotope effect in the high-Tc superconductor
YBa2 CU~ 07 -x ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 217
A.Inyushk1n, N.Babushkina, V.Florentiev, A.Kopylov,
V.O~hogin, A.Kaul and I.Graboy
Pure metallic bridge and point-contact tunneling into
single- and polycrystalline YBa2cu3o7_y ••••••••••••••••••••• 221
K.E.Gray, E.R.Moog and M.E.Hawley
SECTION 4: CRITICAL FIELDS-CRITICAL CURRENTS
Upper critical field of grain oriented cuprate superconductors
(invited) ................................................... 227
D.K.Finnemore, O.B.Hyun, K.Athreya, K.S.Lichtenberger
and M.Demento
Critical fields and characteristic lengths in copper oxide
superconductors (invited) •.•..•..•..•...••..••..•....•...... 233
G.W.Crabtree, W.K.Kwok and
A.Ume~awa
Critical current densities of oxide superconductors
( inv it ed) . • • . . • • . • . • . • • • . • . • • . • • . • • . . • • . • . . . • • • . • • . . . . . . . . . . 24 7
O.Horigami and Y.Yamada
Anisotropy of the lower critical field in YBa2cu3o7_5 ••••••••••••• 253
A.Ume~awa, G.W.Crabtree, J.Z.Liu and L.H.Nune~
Crystal growth and some magnetic properties of YBa2cu3o7_5 •••••••• 261
H.Niculescu, A.Pajac~kowska, A.Wisniewski and M.Baran
_
Flux pinning in Y1Ba2cu3o15 single crystals •••••••••••••••••••••• 267
L.Fruchter, c.Giovanne a, G.Collin and I.A.Campbell
ix
Effect of neutron irradiation on critical magnetization
current in single crystal YBa2cu3o7_6 ••••••••••••••••••••••• 273
H.W.Weber, G.W.Crabtree, A.Umezawa, J.Z.Liu and L.H.Nunez
Magnetization and x-ray studies of YBa2cu3o7_x irradiated
by fast neutrons ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••. 279
A.Wisniewski, M.Baran, P.Przyslupski, H.Szymczak,
A.Pajaczkowska, L.Dobrzynski, J.Waliszewski,
M.Biernacka, K.Pytel and B.Pytel
Superconducting properties of oxygen deficient YBa2cu~o7_6 285
W.K.Kwok, G.W.Crabtree, B.W.Veal, H.Claus and M.Gulllot
Ac susceptibility and inductive critical current measurements
in polycrystalline YBa2cu3o7 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 293
H.Kupfer, I.Apfelstedt, R.Flftk1ger, R.Meier-Hirmer,
W.Schauer, T.Wolf and H.WUhl
The complex ac susceptibility - critical current relationship
in oxide superconductors ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••..••..•• 301
L.E.Wenger, W.Win, C.J.McEwan, J.T.Chen, E.M.Logothetis
and R.E.Soltis
Josephson phase coherence and coupling in high Tc granular
superconductors . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 7
J.F.Beaudoin, F.Weiss and J.P.Senateur
Electronic and magnetic properties of YBa2cu3o7_x
superconductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
E.Babic, M.Prester and G.Leising
Coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in a
cu o
YBa3 3 7_x compound • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 319
D.Rass1 and F.Chovanec
studies of HTS ceramics- copper interaction •••••••••••••••••••••• 325
A.D.Nikulin, V.Y.Fil kin, I.I.Davydov, A.K.Shikov,
1
N.V.Shishkov, E.V.Antipova, V.S.Sergeev,
V.A.Zheleznyakov, N.I.Kozlenkova, V.I.Panzyrny
and V.V.Medkov
SECTION 5: THIN FILMS
High Tc superconducting oxide thin films: fabrication,
application, and characterization {invited)
Abstract only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 3
R.B.Laibowitz
stoichiometry and deposition rate of de magnetron
sputtered Y-Ba-cu-o thin films as a function of
target presputtering time ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 335
T.I.Selinder, G.Larsson, U.Helmersson, P.Olsson,
J.E.Sundgren, S.Rudner and L.D.Wernlund
Superconducting films of YBaCUO ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 341
P.R.Broussard, J.H.Claassen, M.S.Osofsky, S.A.Wolf,
C.R.Gossett and R.J.Soulen, jr.
X
Participants 347
Author index 355
Subject index . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
xi