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Henry Moore PDF

54 Pages·2003·9.086 MB·English
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Tiin^ Artists in Tlieir 1 =^=a=-B„=0\ _'B°ARY 3 1111 02584 4166 It • 98 190d 1d19 1d^ t939 1949 1959 1969 197^ liii Time Artists in Their Henry Moore Sally O'Reilly Franklin Watts A Division of Scholastic Inc. New York Toronto London Auckland Sydney Mexico City New Delhi Hong Kong Danbury, Connecticut : First published in 2003 by Franklin Watts 96 Leonard Street London EC2A 4XD First American edition published in 2003 by Franklin Watts A Division of Scholastic Inc. 90 Sherman Turnpike CT Danbur>, 06816 Series Editor: Adrian Cole Editor: Susie Brooks Series Designer: Mo Choy Art Director: Jonathan Hair Picture Researcher: Sue Mennell A CIP catalog record for this title is available from the Library' ofCongress. ISBN 0'53M2241'7 (Lib. Bdg.) ISBN 0'53M6643'O (Pbk.) Printed in Hong Kong, China © Franklin Watts 2003 Acknowledgements The following biographical images and the wotk(s) illustrated have been reproduced b>- kind permission ofThe Henr\- Moore Foundation: The Henr>' Moore Foundation Archive: 7t, 8, 9t (LH 6). lOt, 11 (LH 43). 17 (LH 59), 18tr, 19t, 27, 30b (LH 339), 32bl (CGM 114), 33, 35 (LH 573), 36b (HMF 3361), 39 (HMF 80 (60)); Cbunauld Instimte ofAn: 20b; Darren Chung: front cover centre (LH 205), front cover br. 23 (LH 205), 26t; Felix H. Mann: 26t; Michel MuUer: 6 (HMF488), 21 (HMF 1077), 43 (H^^IF 123), 24b, 37 (LH 627); Fox Photos: 28b; Enol Jackson 26b (LH293), 29 (LH 350). 32t. 32br. 38t; Luke Finn: 13 (LH 58), 31 (LH 344); John Hedgecoe: 34t.Arcaid/Alex Banel: 41t € ADAGP. Pans and DAGS. London IC Bridgeman An Library/Lauros/Giraudon; 30t. Castello Sfor:esco. Milan/ Scab Horence: 12b. Didrichsen An Museum. Hekinki. Finland/VIatti Ruotsalainen: 33 © Henr>- Moore Foundation. Ford VIotor Company Limired:41b. GeoscierKe Features Picture Libraiy/RIDA: 12t. '©Jarrold Publishing/Peter Smith/ with kind permission ofthe Administrator of © Westminster Cathedral: 15b the Estate ofEric Gill/ Bridgeman Art Librarv'. Leslie Garland Picture Librar\-: 7b/Paul Ridsdale,40/ Leslie Garland. London Transport Headquarters. 55. Broadwa>% London/Bridgeman An Librar>': 14 Tate. London 2003, ®The Estate ofJacob Epstein. Courtes>- ofthe MayorGaller>-, London: 18b. Museo Nacional de Antropologia, Mexico City, Mexico/ Bridgeman Art Librar>':16t. © Board ofTrustees. National Galler\- ofArt, Washington D.C: 36t/Gift ofthe Morris and Gwendohn Cafritz Foundation. National Gallery-, Loiulon/Bridgeman Art Librarv": 16b. Phibdelphia Museum of Art, Penns>'lvania, PA/Bridgeman Art Librar>':38b. Popperfoto: front cover bl, 20t, front cover be and 24t/Saidman, 25, 28t. Rudolph Staechelin Family Foundation, Basel, Switzerland/Bridgeman Art Library-: 9b. Science and Societ>- Picture Library-: 22b. ©Tate, London 2003: lObr © Henry Moore Foundation,19b © Alan Bown^s, Hepworth E5tate.22 The Works ofNaum Gabo © Nina Williams,24b © Henr>- Moore Foundation,27 © HenT>- Moore Foundation,34b © Bruce McLean. Tate Gallen Archive: 15t. Werner Forman Archive/British Museum lOb. With special thanks to Emma Stower ofThe Henr>- Moore Foundation Whilst ever>- attempt has been made to dear cop>Tight should there be any inadvertent omission please apply in the first instance to the publisher regarding rectification. Contents Who Was Henry Moore? 6 Becoming a Sculptor 8 Ancient Impact 10 A Taste of Europe 12 Direct Carving 14 Established Artist 16 The Hampstead Set 18 The Surreal Thirties 20 Abstract Forms 22 War Artist 24 Family and Fame 26 iloyal Recognition 28 Giant Commissions 30 A Collector of Objects 32 Marble Marvels 34 Home and Away 36 The Last Years 38 Moore's Legacy 40 "he Writings of Henry Moore 42 "imeline 42 Glossary 44 Museums and Galleries 45 Index 46 Who Was Henry Moore? ? Henry Moore was one of the most important A VICTORIAN FAMILY sculptors of modern time. He changed the Moore was born in Castleford, way people see art by placing huge sculptures outside Yorkshire, England, in 1898. He was in cities or the cc^untryside. His work was criticized the seventh in a family of eight at first but Moore steadily grew more successful over brothers and sisters. Moore's parents, time. Today, hundreds of Moore's sculptures are on Raymond and Mary, were a strong display in parks, city plazas, and major buildings influence on the children. Raymond throughout the world. was a coal miner who had great ambitions for his children. By the time Henry was born one brother and two sisters had become teachers. Henry was expected to do the same. become ''First qualified as a teacher like your brothers and sisters have done and then change to art you wish. Be sure if that you have some your hand." living in -^ The Artist's Mother, 1927, Henry Moore. Mary Moore was a loving mother who worked hard looking after her family at home. She suffered from rheumatism in her back and would ask Moore to massage it. He said that this gave him an early understanding of the gentle curves of the human body. T^^HT 1916 1917 1918 Henry Spencer Henry learns about Moore starts World Moore Moore Moore joins the Moore becomes an Moore is born Michelangelo and pottery classes War I becomes teaches in army Poisoned by army physical instructor in Castleford, becomes interested with art teacher begins. a student Castleford. gas in France, he and returns to France England. in sculpture. Alice Gostick. teacher. returns to England. just as the war ends. Private Moore (front row, for right) with his Civil Service Rifles platoon, 1917. SCHOOL DAYS THE YOUNG SOLDIER Moore attended his local primary school At age 19, Moore was drafted into the British then won a scholarship to secondary school. army and sent to fight. He wrote to his old He also went to Sunday school, where he art teacher, Alice Gostick, about the terrible discovered the work of Michelangelo (1475- conditions - the noise, the lack of sleep, and 1564) and became interested in sculpture. how he made drawings of people picking lice Moore was good at art and was determined from their clothes. During the battle of to make it his career. At the age of 17, under Cambrai in France, Moore was poisoned by his father's firm guidance, he began teaching mustard gas and taken back to a hospital in When at his old primary school. However, this did England. he recovered he spent the rest not last long. Moore's teaching career was of the war as a physical training instructor soon interrupted by World War before returning home to Yorkshire, England, I. in 1919. THE YORKSHIRE LANDSCAPE The Yorkshire landscape had a strong effect on Moore. was a land of contrasts. The countryside It has rolling hills and large, open skies, while the local mining industry dotted the area with ugly slag heaps. Moore would always remember the shapes of rocky crags, the mountains of coal, and the smooth pebbles of the Castleford streets. They were to appear in his sculptures throughout his life. As he recalled, "Some things are little on the outside, and rough and common, but remember the time when I the dust and stones of the streets were as precious Rocky outcrops in the Yorkshire Dales. as gold to my infant eyes." Becoming a Sculptor A Moore began pottery classes with Alice GosHck while he was still at school. He continuecJ them after the war. This photo, taken in 1919, shows Alice on the far right with Moore on the floor beside her. He said that the lessons "kept him sane" when he was a teacher. Moore's art teacher, A CHANCE TO LEARN announced that he wanted to Alice Gostick, With the help of a grant, be a sculptor. Moore was very remained an important Moore enrolled at Leeds insistent so the school set up inspiration to him after the School of Art in England. a sculpture department with war. When he returned from He still lived in Castleford him as its only student for the army, she encouraged where he attended evening the first year. One of the first him to pursue his art career pottery classes so he had to people to follow Moore into and found out about grants catch a train to Leeds each the department was Barbara for people whose education day. Hepworth (1903-75). She had been interrupted by the After a year of studying became his friend war. drawing at the art school, he and also a famous artist. r i..st A->-ji^r! TIMELINE 1919 September 1919 1921 Moore returns to Castleford Moore enrolls at Leeds School of Art. A sculpture department is set up Moore meets fellow student Barbara and takes pottery lessons witfi Moore as tfie only student. Moore encounters modern art for the Hepworth. He wins a scholarship to with Alice Gostick. first time on a visit to Sir Michael Sadler's collection. the Royal College of Art in London. 8

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