Table Of ContentHands-On
Smart Contract
Development with
Hyperledger Fabric V2
Building Enterprise Blockchain Applications
Matt Zand, Xun Wu
& Mark Anthony Morris
Praise for Hands-On Smart Contract Development with
Hyperledger Fabric V2
Check out this book if you want to get a deeper understanding of Hyperledger Fabric and
gain expertise with creating permissioned blockchain networks.
—Brian Behlendorf, Executive Director for Hyperledger
One of the best books covering Hyperledger Fabric to the degree of breadth and clarity
that this piece captures. From component overview to practical examples within a
relatable context, it uniquely explicates Hyperledger’s inner workings in a
way that is hard to match.
—Jim Murphy and Jason Jaan
Financial Transformation Partner, KPMG; Transformation Delivery Manager, KPMG
A well-balanced comprehensive literature. This book provides that balance with an
approach essential in blockchain architect skill-building. While many of its concepts may
focus on Hyperledger Fabric, they are portable to other blockchain frameworks and
platforms. A must-read for all aspiring blockchain architects and developers.
—Nitin Gaur Director,
Financial Sciences and Digital Assets, IBM
A great practical hands-on guide to developing smart contracts using Hyperledger Fabric
on popular platforms. This book provides detailed step-by-step instructions for
developing, testing, deploying, and maintaining smart contracts
on popular Blockchain as a Service platforms.
—Todd Little, Oracle Blockchain Platform Architect
Clean, clear, and clinical, this thoughtful, deep dive into Smart Contracts is a boon to
blockchain development and a must-read for Hyperledger.
—Joseph Raczynski, Technologist & Futurist, Thomson Reuters
This book makes understanding Hyperledger concepts extremely simple and easy by
serving technical and nontechnical audiences to understand Hyperledger from the basics
and then build on top of it. The authors allow anyone to understand the intricacies of
building an enterprise blockchain application using Hyperledger.
—Andile Ngcaba,
Founding Partner & Chairman of Convergence Partners
This book is the gold standard in smart contract development. This comprehensive
examination understands the challenges facing enterprises interested in implementing
blockchain solutions and offers concise direction. Zand, Wu, and Morris supply readers
with valuable insights for smart contract development through the
hands-on techniques discussed in the text.
—Bobbi Muscara, Hyperledger TSC Member;
Chair of the Hyperledger Learning Materials Working Group;
Director of Education, Ledger Academy
I have been building enterprise blockchain solutions for five years, and Hands-On Smart
Contract Development with Hyperledger Fabric is my go-to resource for creating new
blockchain use cases and improving existing solutions. This book should be
in every HLF developer’s toolkit.
—David Havera, Chief Blockchain Engineer, GE
Anyone interested in smart contract development on Hyperledger Fabric should get this
book both for a cover-to-cover read as well as an ongoing reference. Well written, well
organized, and eminently understandable. Zand leverages his years of development
training experience to deliver highly consumable foundational, strategic, and tactical
knowledge for builders in the Hyperledger ecosystem.
—Eric Hess, Host of The Encrypted Economy podcast and
Managing Partner of Hess Legal Counsel
Comprehensive, easy to read, and state of the art: the first book that intuitively supports
both software developers and product managers in developing
real-world enterprise blockchain applications.
—Robin Pilling, CEO & Founder, Dis3bute
Hands-On Smart Contract
Development with
Hyperledger Fabric V2
Building Enterprise Blockchain Applications
Matt Zand, Xun Wu, and Mark Anthony Morris
BBeeiijjiinngg BBoossttoonn FFaarrnnhhaamm SSeebbaassttooppooll TTookkyyoo
Hands-On Smart Contract Development with Hyperledger Fabric V2
by Matt Zand, Xun Wu, and Mark Anthony Morris
Copyright © 2021 WEG2G LLC. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are
also available for most titles (http://oreilly.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional
sales department: 800-998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com.
Acquisitions Editor: Michelle Smith Indexer: nSight, Inc.
Development Editor: Gary O’Brien Interior Designer: David Futato
Production Editor: Christopher Faucher Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery
Copyeditor: Sharon Wilkey Illustrator: Kate Dullea
Proofreader: Charles Roumeliotis
September 2021: First Edition
Revision History for the First Edition
2021-09-08: First Release
See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781492086123 for release details.
The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Hands-On Smart Contract Development
with Hyperledger Fabric V2, the cover image, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media,
Inc.
The views expressed in this work are those of the authors, and do not represent the publisher’s views.
While the publisher and the authors have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and
instructions contained in this work are accurate, the publisher and the authors disclaim all responsibility
for errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of
or reliance on this work. Use of the information and instructions contained in this work is at your own
risk. If any code samples or other technology this work contains or describes is subject to open source
licenses or the intellectual property rights of others, it is your responsibility to ensure that your use
thereof complies with such licenses and/or rights.
978-1-492-08612-3
[LSI]
Table of Contents
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Part I. Introduction to Blockchain
1. Fundamental Concepts of Blockchain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
What Is Blockchain? 4
Origin of Blockchain 6
The Blockchain Revolution 7
Blockchain 2.0 7
Core Components of Blockchain 7
Decentralized Network 8
Cryptography 8
Wallet 10
Shared Ledger 10
Consensus 11
Smart Contracts 12
Blockchain Architecture 13
Nodes 14
Blocks 14
Chains 15
Channels 15
Supporting Technology and Concepts 15
DLT 15
Decentralization 15
Peer-to-Peer 16
Immutability 16
v
Identity 16
Accounts 16
SDK 17
API 17
Transactions 17
Incentives 18
Privacy 18
State 18
Turing Complete 19
Gas 19
Tokens 20
On-Chain 21
Off-Chain 21
Scalability 21
Cryptocurrency 22
Enclaves 22
Oracles 23
DApps 23
Virtual Machine 23
Fork 23
Governance 24
Genesis 24
Clients 24
Summary 24
Part II. Introduction to Hyperledger Projects
2. Overview of Hyperledger Projects and Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Evolution and Phases of Blockchain Technology 28
Blockchain 1.0 28
Blockchain 2.0 29
Blockchain 3.0 29
Blockchain 4.0 29
Hyperledger Family, Architecture, and Ecosystem 30
The Hyperledger Design Philosophy 31
Overview of Hyperledger 32
Overview of Hyperledger Projects 34
Distributed Ledger Frameworks 34
Domain-Specific 36
Overview of Hyperledger Tools and Libraries 37
vi | Table of Contents
Tools 37
Libraries 38
Summary 39
3. Hyperledger Fabric Architecture and Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Hyperledger Fabric Overview 42
Hyperledger Fabric Model 42
Blockchain Network 44
Identity 45
Membership Service Provider 46
Policies 47
Nodes 48
Chaincode 49
Ledger 50
The Ordering Service 51
Private Collections of Data 51
Summary 52
Part III. Developing Smart Contracts with Hyperledger Fabric
4. Smart Contract Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Installing Prerequisites and Setting Up Hyperledger Fabric 56
Git 56
cURL 56
Node.js and npm 56
Docker and Docker Compose 57
Fabric Installation Script 57
Fundamental Requirements of a Smart Contract 58
SDK 60
Create and Execute Queries 66
Defining a Smart Contract 67
Define Assets by Using Key-Value Pairs 72
Collect Private Data 73
Set Attribute-Based Access Control 74
Initialize the Ledger State 75
Installing and Instantiating a Smart Contract 77
Package the Chaincode 77
Install the Chaincode 78
Query the Installation 78
Approve the Package 78
Table of Contents | vii
Check Commit Readiness 79
Commit the Chaincode Definition 79
Query Whether the Chaincode Is Committed 80
Initialize the Contract 80
Execute a Query 81
Summary 82
5. Smart Contract Invocation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Overview of fabric-samples, Fabcar, and the Test Network 83
fabric-samples 84
Fabcar 84
Fabric Test Network 88
Deploying a Smart Contract 90
Understand the startFabric.sh Anatomy 90
Execute startFabric.sh 91
Generate Fabric Certificate Authorities 92
Create Org1 Identities 92
Invoke the Peer Chaincode 93
Invoking Smart Contract Transactions 95
Peer Command 96
Fabric SDK for Node.js Command-Line Application 101
Summary 110
6. Testing and Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Creating a Fabcar UI Client 112
Error Response Handling 113
Fabcar UI Web Pages 113
Fabcar UI Code 116
Fabcar UI Execution 120
Performing Rapid Smart Contract Testing 124
Setting Up 124
Preparing the Fabcar Smart Contract for Testing and Debugging 129
Performing Fabcar Testing and Debugging 131
Identifying and Reviewing Logs 134
Creating Unit Test Contracts 136
Summary 138
viii | Table of Contents
