Handbook of the Psychology of Science

543 Pages·2012·4.208 MB·English

by  Gregory Feist, Michael Gorman

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This handbook is the definitive resource for scholars and students interested in how research
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and theory within each of the major domains of psychology—developmental, cognitive,
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personality, and social—have been applied to understand the nature of scientific thought
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and behavior. Edited by two esteemed pioneers in the emerging discipline of the psychology
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of science, it is the first empirically based compendium of its time. The handbook provides

a comprehensive examination of how scientific thinking is learned and evolves from infancy o
to adolescence and adulthood, and combines developmental and cognitive approaches to
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show the categorical similarities and differences in thinking between children, adolescents,

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adults, and scientists.
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Chapters highlight the breadth and depth of psychological perspectives in the studies of

science, from creativity and genius, gender, and conflict and cooperation, to postmodernism P
and psychobiography. A section on applications offers findings and ideas that can be put s
to use by educators, policymakers, and science administrators. Contributors examine the y Handbook of tHe
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importance of mental models in solving difficult technical problems, and the significance of
leadership and organizational structure in successful innovation. The final section of the book H
is devoted to the future of this new field, focusing on how to continue to develop a healthy o
psychology of science. l Psychology
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• Presents the only empirically based compendium of current knowledge about the

psychology of scientific thought and behavior o
of science
• Edited by two pioneers in the discipline of psychology of science f

• Describes how scientific thinking is learned and changes throughout the life span s
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• Addresses creativity and genius, gender, conflict and cooperation, postmodernism,
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and psychobiography e
• Covers applications of the psychology of science that can be used by educators, n
policymakers, and science administrators c
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ISBN 978-0-8261-0623-0
11 W. 42nd Street
New York, NY 10036-8002
9 780826 106230
www.springerpub.com
HANDBOOK OF THE
Psychology of Science
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Gregory J. Feist, PhD, is an associate professor of Psychology in Personality and Adult
Development and director of the Experimental Graduate Program in Psychology at San
Jose State University. He is widely published in the psychology of creativity, the psy-
chology of science, and the development of scientific talent.
Michael E. Gorman, PhD, is a professor at the University of Virginia, where he has
taught such classes as Scientific and Technological Thinking and Social Implications
of Nanotechnology. From 2000 to 2003, he was chair of the Division of Technology,
Culture, and Communication. He is also an associate editor of Journal of Psychology of
Science and Technology.
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HANDBOOK OF THE
Psychology of Science
Gregory J. Feist, PhD
Michael E. Gorman, PhD
Editors
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ISBN: 978-0-8261-0623-0
E-book ISBN: 978-0-8261-0624-7
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Handbook of the psychology of science / editors, Gregory J. Feist, PhD & Michael E. Gorman, PhD.
pages cm
Includes index.
ISBN 978-0-8261-0623-0 — ISBN 978-0-8261-0624-7 (ebk.) (print)
1. Science—Psychological aspects. 2. Science and psychology. I. Feist, Gregory J. II. Gorman, Michael E., 1952-
Q175.H2646 2013
501’.9—dc23 2012033698
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I dedicate this book to my lovely wife, Erika,
and two vibrant sons Jerry and Evan.
— GJF
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Contents
Contributors ix
Preface xi
SECTION I: Introduction and History
1. Introduction: Another Brick in the Wall 3
Gregory J. Feist and Michael E. Gorman
2. History of the Psychology of Science 21
Steve Fuller
SECTION II: Foundational Psychologies of Science
3. Learning Science Through Inquiry 49
Corinne Zimmerman and Steve Croker
4. Cognitive–Historical Approaches to the Understanding of Science 71
Ryan D. Tweney
5. The Scientific Personality 95
Gregory J. Feist
6. Scientific Communication in the Process to Coauthorship 123
Sofia Liberman and Kurt Bernardo Wolf
SECTION III: Development and Theory Change
7. Scientific Reasoning: Explanation, Confirmation Bias,
and Scientific Practice 151
Barbara Koslowski
8. The Nature of Scientific Reasoning and Its Neurological Substrate 193
Anton E. Lawson
9. Children as Scientific Thinkers 223
David Klahr, Bryan Matlen, and Jamie Jirout
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viii CONTENTS
SECTION IV: Special Topics
10. Creative Genius in Science 251
Dean Keith Simonton
11. Gender and Science: Psychological Imperatives 273
Neelam Kumar
12. Conflicts, Cooperation, and Competition in the
Field of Science and Technology 303
Anna Dorothea Schulze and Verena Seuffert
13. Postmodernism and the Development of the Psychology of
Science 331
E. J. Capaldi and Robert W. Proctor
14. Psychobiography and the Psychology of Science: Encounters With
Psychology, Philosophy, and Statistics 353
William McKinley Runyan
SECTION V: Applied Psychologies of Science
15. The Psychology of Technological Invention 383
Michael E. Gorman
16. The Psychology of Research Groups: Creativity and Performance 397
Sven Hemlin and Lisa Olsson
17. The Psychology of Human Research Participation 419
Anne Moyer
18. Heuristics and Biases That Help and Hinder Scientists: Toward a
Psychology of Scientific Judgment and Decision Making 437
Joanne E. Kane and Gregory D. Webster
19. The Psychology of Uncertainty in Scientific Data Analysis 461
Christian D. Schunn and J. Gregory Trafton
SECTION VI: Past and Future of Psychology of Science
20. Quantitative Trends in Establishing a Psychology of Science:
A Review of the Metasciences 487
Gregory D. Webster
21. Conclusions and the Future of the Psychology of Science 507
Michael E. Gorman and Gregory J. Feist
Index 515
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Contributors
E. J. Capaldi, PhD Jamie Jirout, PhD
Department of Psychological Department of Psychology
Sciences Temple University
Purdue University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
West Lafayette, Indiana
Joanne E. Kane, PhD
Steve Croker, PhD Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology Princeton University
Illinois State University Princeton, New Jersey
Normal, Illinios
David Klahr, PhD
Gregory J. Feist, PhD Department of Psychology
Associate Professor of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University
Director, MA Program for Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Psychological Science
San Jose State University Barbara Koslowski, EdD
San Jose, CA Department of Human
Development
Steve Fuller, PhD Cornell University
Department of Sociology Ithaca, New York
University of Warwick
Coventry, United Kingdom Neelam Kumar, PhD
National Institute of Science and
Michael E. Gorman, PhD Technology Development
Professor New Delhi, India
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia Anton E. Lawson, PhD
School of Life Sciences
Sven Hemlin, PhD Arizona State University
Department of Psychology Tempe, Arizona
University of Gothenburg
Gothenburg, Sweden
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