Handbook of Second Language Acquisition PDF
Preview Handbook of Second Language Acquisition
HANDBOOK OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION Edited by William C. Ritchie Syracuse University and Tej K. Bhatia Syracuse University i 0 AP ACADEMIC PRESS E0053479 * San Diego New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto i This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ thgirypoC 0 6991 C yI,bMSESDE.ARCCPNAI llA s.tdhegvirReseR oN trap fo sniohittacil byuapm e bdecudorpe r rdoettimsna rnti yna mrof ro ybyna ,snaem cinortcele ro ,lacinahcem gnidulcni ,ypocotohp ,gnidrocer ro ynanoitamrofni egarots dna laveir t,emretsy stuo hntoiiwssimrep ni gnitirw morf eht.rehsilbup Academic Press, Inc. A noisiviD fo truocraH ecarB & ynapmoC 525 B ,teertS etiuS ,0091 naS ,ogeiD ainrofilaC 5944-10129 United Kingdom Edition published by cimedacA sserP-detimiL 82-42 lavO .daoR nodnoL WN 1XD7 yrarbiL fo ssergno CnoitacilbuP-ni-gnigolataCataD koobdnaH fo dnoces egaugnal noitisiuqca / detide yb mailliW.C ,eihctiR jeT .KaitahB .P .mc sedulcnI.sexedni ISBN o-12-589042-7 .1 dnoceS egaugnal.noitisiuqca .I ,eihctiR mailliW.C .II ,aitahB jeT.K 63H.2.811P 1996 02cd--39.’104 94-44081 PIC DETNIRP NI EHT DETINU SETATS FOACIREMA 96 97 98 99 00 01 MM 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Our Parents: To Georgia Stanchfield Metcalf and to the memory of Gorton Ritchie To the memory of Shri Parma Nand Bhatia and of Shrimati Krishna Bhatia C O N T E N T S xix CONTRIBUTORS ixx STNEM’GDELWONKCA . SNOITAIVERBBA xx111 I Second Language Acquisition: Introduction, Foundations, and Overview William C. Ritchie Tej K. Bhatia .InoitcudortnI 1 .II lacirotsiH dnuorgkcaB dna laciteroehTsehcaorppA 4 A. The 1940s and 1950s 5 .B ehT s0691 ot eht laciteroehT-s0891 sehcaorppA 6 .C emo Sdetarge tsnlIedoM foALS 16 .DyrammuS 18 .III tnerruC seussI ni ALShcraeseR 18 .A :noitcudortnI ehT lartneCsnoitseuQ 18 .B ehTseussI 22 .C yrammuS 35 VI ehT snoitceS dna sretpahC fo sihTemuloV 35 A. traP :I hcraeseR d nlaacite rsoeeuhsTsI ni dnoceeSgaugnaL noitisiuqcA 35 B. traP :II seussI f onoitarut adM nyatiraludo Mni dnoceegSaugnaL noitisiuqcA 36 traP :II Id neogca euhSgcneaeLpS dna eehctneulf nfIoeht C. tsriFegaugnaL 38 D. traP :VI hcra eysgeoRlodohteM dnasnoitacilppA 39 E. traP :V ytiladoM dna e h cttintesminuogrniivL nnEidnoceS egaugnaLnoitisiuqcA 39 .F traP :IV yeghoTlohcyspor ufeoN dnoceS egaungoniatLisiuqcA dnaesU 40 G. traP :II Vegau gtncaaLtnoC dna ssetcIneuqesnoC 40 .V snoisulcnoC 41 secnerefeR 42 vii Vlll Contents 1 RESEARCH AND THEORETICAL ISSUES IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 2 The Logical and Developmental Problems of Second Language Acquisition niveK .RggerG yrota nsallapoxGE fo n2oLi t:iysrioueqhcT AehT lacigoLdna I. smel bloartPnempoleveD 50 .II eh Tla cmieglobLorP fo g:nn io2niLitails pie2xucLEqnceAtepmoC 52 .A yhW?ecnetepmoC 53 .B ehT ytilibanraenLoitidnoC 54 .C ytili bsannoriateaLredisnoC ni 2LnoitisiuqcA 56 .D ehT erutaN fo 2L :ecnetepm orCaludoMsusrev raludomnoNsesylanA 57 .III eh Tlatnemp o:lmeevlebD ogrnPinialpxE eht noitisiuqscsAecorP 66 .A airetirC rof na noitisiuqcAyroehT 66 .B ehT lacitero ekhrTowema r:Fnoire tginriCcafretnI htiweht lacigoLmelborP 67 .C ehT ecneuqeS :noiretirC latnempoleveDsecneuqeS 68 .D ehT msinahceMnoiretirC 69 IV. gnitcurtsno Cna 2L noitis i:uyqrco AeshtTcepsorP dnasmelborP 73 secnerefeR 75 II ISSUES OF MATURATION AND MODULARITY IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 3 Universal Grammar and Second Language Acquisition: Current Trends and New Directions aidyLetihW .InoitcudortnI 85 . .II selpicnirP dna sretemaraPyroehT 85 .A :selpicnirPdnammoC-C 86 .B :sretemaraP breVgnisiaR 88 .III selpicnirP dna sretemaraP ni 2LnoitisiuqcA 90 .A sseccA ot :GU ecnetepmoC dna noitisiuqcA foecnetepmoC 91 .B sevitcepsreP noselpicnirP 94 .C sevitcepsreP nosretemaraP 96 xi Contents .VI emoS tnerruCseussI 103 .A lanoitarutaMstceffE 103 .B raeN rekaepS-evitaNecnetepmoC 105 .C gnirolpxE egaugnalretnIecnetepmoC 109 V. weNsnoitceriD 112 .A tludA-dlihCsecnereffiD 112 B .ygolonohP 114 .IV snoisulcnoC 115 secnerefeR 116 4 A Parameter-Setting Approach to Second Language Acquisition Suzanne Flynn .I noitcudortnI 121 .II dnuorgkcaB 123 . .A lasrevinU rammarG dna egaugnaL:noitisiuqcA lareneGsnoitpmussA 123 .III lL susrev 2L :noitisiuqcA ehT lacigoL melborP fo 2LnoitisiuqcA dna eht llu FssisseechctAopyH 127 VI evitanretlAslasoporP 129 .A lacigolodohteMsnoitaredisnoC 130 .B ehT oN sseccA :sisehtopyH lareneG gninraeL seigetartSdna ygolan Asa n atnuocc Afo 2gLninraeL 131 .C ehT laitraP sseccAsisehtopyH 133 V. ecnedivE tsniaga eht laitraP sseccA sisehtopyHdna rof eht lluF ssseicsceAhtopyH 134 .A weN retemaraP :sgnitteS ehT PC noitceriDretemaraP 134 .B lL ylsuoucaV deilppAselpicnirP 137 .C rorrE ataD morf tludA 2LnoitisiuqcA 140 .D refsnartnoN fo cificepS-egaugnaLstcepsA 142 .E lanoitcnuFseirogetaC 145 .F evitav inroeiDsreV fo eht laitraP ssecsciAsehtopyH 149 .IV noissucsiD dnasnoisulcnoC 150 secnerefeR 152 5 Maturation and the Issue of Universal Grammar in Second Language Acquisition jacquelyn Schachter .IdnuorgkcaB 159 .II lasrevi nrUammarG sa a egdelwonKesaB 161 Contents X .IIIygoloiB 163 VI A lacitirC doireP rof lL noitisiuqcA 164 .V A lacitirC doireP rof 2LnoitisiuqcA 166 .IV stseT fo aelpicn idrnPa aretemar anPi tludA2L 174 .IIV dlihC 2L susr etvludA2L 179 .IIIV oD selpicnirP?erutaM 183 .XI swodniW foytinutroppO 184 .XnoisulcnoC 187 secnerefeR 188 6 A Functional-Typological Approach to Second Language Acquisition Theory Fred R. Eckman .I noitcudortnI 195 .II ehT ssendekr alMaitnereffisDisehtopyH 196 .A dnuorgkcaB 196 .B snoitpmussA gniylrednU ehtHDM 198 .C gnitroppuSecnedivE 199 .D noitaulavE fo ehtHDM 200 .E smelborP htiw ehtHDM 202 .III ehT erutcurtS ytimrofnoCsisehtopyH 204 .A dnuorgkcaB 204 .B snoitpmussA gniylrednU ehtHCS 205 .C gnitroppuSecnedivE 205 .D noitaulavE fo ehtHCS 207 VI ehT HCS dna tneceRslasoporP 208 .VnoisulcnoC 209 secnerefeR 209 7 Information-Processing Approaches to Research on Second Language Acquisition and Use Barry McLaughlin Roberto Heredia .I tahW sI noitamrof?ngInissecorP 213 .II cisaB snoitpmussA fo gnissecorP-noiteavmirtocfenpIsreP 214 .A gninraeL dnayticitamotuA 214 .B eloR foecitcarP 216 .C gnirutcurtseR 217 .III laciteroehTsnoitpO 218 ix Contents .VI sI gninraeL a cihti?ltocnuorMtsnoC 219 V. secruoS fo laudiviedcnnIereffiD 222 .IV lacigogadeP :snoitacilpmI lanoitcurtsnIseigetartS 224 secnerefeR 225 8 Variationist Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition Dennis Preston .I A feir ByrotsiH fo eg anuogintaaLiryadVutS 229 .II owT sledoM fonoitairaV 230 .A ehT naivobaLmgidaraP 230 B . ehT cimanmygDidaraP 240 .C ehT pihsnoitaleR neewteb eht naivobaL dna cimanyDsmgidaraP 245 .III tneceRsdnerT 246 .A snoitcejbO 246 .B tnerruCkroW 251 .C eh TscitsiugnilohcysP fo scitsiugniloicoS ni 2LnoitisiuqcA 257 secnerefeR 263 111 SECOND LANGUAGE SPEECH AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE FIRST LANGUAGE 9 SecondLanguageSpeech Jonathan Leather Allan James .I noitcudortnI 269 .II renra esLtniartsnoC no eht noitisiuqcA fo 2LhceepS 270 .A noitavitoM 270 .B laicoS ecnatpeccA dna laicoSecnatsiD 271 .C ytilanosrePselbairaV 272 .DxeS 272 .E larO dna yrotiduAseiticapaC 272 .III noitpecreP dna noitcudorP fo 2L hceepSsdnuoS 273 .A noitcurtsnoC fo weN lautpecrePseirogetaC 273 .B noitcudorP fo weNsdnuoS 277 C. latnempole vneoDitalerretnI fo noitpecreP dnanoitcudorP 281 VI latnempoleveD noitalerretnI neewteb lL dna 2L hceepSnoitisiuqcA 285 .A tcudorP dnassecorP 285 .B eh TecneulfnI fo lL erutcurtS 286 xii Contents . Cnoit aechi TffiotnedI 2L dna lL stnemelE 287 .D gnissecorP seigetartS dna lL larutcurtSecneulfnI 290 .E ehT latnempoleveDnoisnemiD 291 .F ehT eloR fo las rleavciisngeUoclnoepryeTferP 293 .G lautxetnoCstniartsnoC 295 .H ehT noitubirtnoC fo laciteroehTygolonohP 297 .VnoisulcnoC 299 secnerefeR 300 IO Second Language Acquisition and Linguistic Theory: The Role of Language Transfer nasuSssaG .I noitcudortnI 317 .II egaugnaL :refsnarT nA lacirotsiHweivrevO 318 .A gninifeD egaugnaLrefsnarT 318 .B evitsartnoCsisylanA 319 .C evitaerCnoitcurtsnoC 319 .D ehT gniltteS fo ehtmuludneP 320 .III egau grneafLsnarT sa a evitiyntgiovCitcA 321 .A ehT epocS fo egaugnaL refsnarTanemonehP 321 .B gnitciderP egaugnaLrefsnarT 324 .VI egaug nraeLfsnarT dnaGU 329 .A selpicnirP foGU 330 .B GUsretemaraP 332 .C e hyTtilartne Cfo ehtLN 334 V. egaugnaL refsnarT dna eht noititepmoCledoM 335 .IV stceffE nosrammarG 337 .IIVnoisulcnoC 338 secnerefeR 340 Iv RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS II Issues in Second Language Acquisition Research: Examining Substance and Procedure divaD nanuN .InoitcudortnI 349 .II lacirotsiHdnuorgkcaB 349 .III evitnatsbu SseussI ni 2L noitisiuqhccAraeseR 350 .A evitaerCnoitcurtsnoC 351 .B rehtOseussI 351 . . . Contents x111 .VI lacigolodoht esMeussI ni 2L noitisiuqcAhcraeseR 359 .A evitatilauQ dna evitatitnauQhcraeseR 359 .B lanidutignoL susrev lanoitceS-ssorChcraeseR 364 .C latnemirepxE susrev citsilarutaN ataDnoitcelloC 365 .D deticilE susrev citsilarutaNataD 366 .E eloRgniyalP 369 .VnoisulcnoC 369 secnerefeR 371 2I The Use of Acceptability Judgments in Second Language Acquisition Research allenotnA ecaroS .I noitcudortnI 375 .II ehT erutaN fo cits i:uygtniilLibatpe clcaAreneGseussI 376 .A :ytidilaV tahW seoD na ytiliba ttpneecmcgAduJ tseT?erusaeM 376 .B :ytilibaileR yhW oD stnamrofnI ecudorPtnetsisnocnI ?stnemgduJ 380 .C ytilibatpeccA seihcrareiH dna lasrevinUrammarG 382 .III citsiu gyntiiLlibatpeccA ni evitannoNsegaugnaL 384 .A ytidilaV dna ytilibaileR fo ev iyttainlniobNasttpneecmcgAduJ 385 .B ycanimretednI ni LIsrammarG 386 .VI ehT lacirip mtEnemerusaeM fo citsiuygtniilLibatpeccA 391 .A ehT noitaticilE fo ytilibatpecsctAnemgduJ 391 .B sepyT fo tnemgduJselacS 393 .C sepyT fo :sesnopseR etulosbA susrev evitarapmoCstnemgduJ 395 .D gniylppA eht lacisyhpohcys:PmgidaraP edutingaM noitamitsE fo citsiugniyLtilibatpeccA 400 V. snoisulcnoC 404 secnerefeR 405 V MODALITY AND THE LINGUISTIC ENVIRONMENT IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 31 The Role of the Linguistic Environment in Second Language Acquisition Michael H. Long .I emoS elbissoP seloR rof ehttnemnorivnE 413 .II rengieroF klaT esruocsiD dna evitisoPecnedivE 414 .III ehT ycneiciffusnI fo elbisneherpmtouCpnI 421
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