Handbook of Clay Science

1248 Pages·2006·18.49 MB·English

by  Faïza Bergaya

Developments in Clay Science, 1
HANDBOOK OF CLAY SCIENCE
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Developments in Clay Science, 1
HANDBOOK OF CLAY SCIENCE
Edited by
FAI¨ZA BERGAYA
CRMD,CNRS-Universite´ d’Orle´ans
Orle´ans
France
BENNY K.G. THENG
LandcareResearch
PalmerstonNorth
NewZealand
GERHARD LAGALY
Institutefu¨rAnorganischeChemie
Universita¨tKiel,Kiel
Germany

Amsterdam (cid:1) Boston (cid:1) Heidelberg (cid:1) London (cid:1) New York (cid:1) Oxford
Paris (cid:1) San Diego (cid:1) San Francisco (cid:1) Singapore (cid:1) Sydney (cid:1) Tokyo
Elsevier
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Firstedition2006
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DEDICATION
To my mother, to my father
And to my two wonderful daughters Sonia and Rym and their beloved father
Faı¨za Annabi-Bergaya
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CONTENTS
ListofContributorsbyCountryofResidence..................................... xi
Acknowledgements........................................................ xiii
ContributingAuthors...................................................... xv
Foreword .............................................................. xix
R.Ku¨hnel
Chapter1. GeneralIntroduction:Clays,ClayMinerals,andClayScience............. 1
F.BergayaandG.Lagaly
Chapter2. StructuresandMineralogyofClayMinerals ......................... 19
M.F.Brigatti,E.GalanandB.K.G.Theng
Chapter3. SurfaceandInterfaceChemistryofClayMinerals ..................... 87
R.A.SchoonheydtandC.T.Johnston
Chapter4. SyntheticClayMineralsandPurificationofNaturalClays ............... 115
K.A.Carrado,A.Decarreau,S.Petit,F.BergayaandG.Lagaly
Chapter5. ColloidClayScience .......................................... 141
G.Lagaly
Chapter6. MechanicalPropertiesofClaysandClayMinerals..................... 247
R.Pusch
Chapter7. ModifiedClaysandClayMinerals ................................ 261

F.Bergaya,B.K.G.ThengandG.Lagaly
Chapter7.1. AcidActivationofClayMinerals................................. 263
P.KomadelandJ.Madejova´
Chapter7.2. ThermallyModifiedClayMinerals ................................ 289
L.Heller-Kallai
Chapter7.3. ClayMineralOrganicInteractions ................................ 309
G.Lagaly,M.OgawaandI.De´ka´ny
Chapter7.4. ClayMineralsandtheOriginofLife............................... 379
A.Brack
Chapter7.5. PillaredClaysandClayMinerals ................................. 393
F.Bergaya,A.AouadandT.Mandalia
Chapter8. PropertiesandBehaviorofIroninClayMinerals...................... 423
J.W.Stucki
viii Contents
Chapter9. Clays,Microorganisms,andBiomineralization........................ 477
K.Tazaki
Chapter10. ClaysinIndustry............................................. 499
F.Bergaya,B.K.G.ThengandG.Lagaly
Chapter10.1. ConventionalApplications ...................................... 501
C.C.HarveyandG.Lagaly
Chapter10.2. ClayMineralsasCatalysts ...................................... 541
J.M.AdamsandR.W.McCabe
Chapter10.3. ClayMineral–andOrganoclay–PolymerNanocomposite................. 583
E.Ruiz-HitzkyandA.VanMeerbeek
Chapter11. Clays,EnvironmentandHealth................................... 623
F.Bergaya,B.K.G.ThengandG.Lagaly
Chapter11.1. ClaysandClayMineralsforPollutionControl........................ 625
G.J.Churchman,W.P.Gates,B.K.G.ThengandG.Yuan
Chapter11.2. ClaysandPesticides........................................... 677
S.Nir,Y.El-Nahhal,T.Undabeytia,G.Rytwo,T.Polubesova,
Y.Mishael,O.RabinovitzandB.Rubin
Chapter11.3. ClayLinersandWasteDisposal .................................. 693
K.Czurda
Chapter11.4. ClaysandNuclearWasteManagement ............................. 703
R.Pusch
Chapter11.5. ClaysandHumanHealth....................................... 717
M.I.Carretero,C.S.F.GomesandF.Tateo
Chapter11.6. ClaysandClayMineralsasDrugs................................. 743
M.T.Droy-Lefaix andF.Tateo
Chapter12. CriticalAssessmentofSomeAnalyticalTechniques..................... 753
F.Bergaya,B.K.G.ThengandG.Lagaly
Chapter12.1. Mo¨ssbauerSpectroscopyofClaysandClayMinerals ................... 755
E.Murad
Chapter12.2. IdentificationandQuantitativeAnalysisofClayMinerals................ 765
J.S´rodon´
Chapter12.3. X-rayAbsorptionSpectroscopy................................... 789
W.P.Gates
Chapter12.4. X-rayPhotoelectronSpectroscopy................................. 865
H.Seyama,M.SomaandB.K.G.Theng
Contents ix
Chapter12.5. Small-angleScatteringTechniques................................. 879
D.TchoubarandN.Cohaut
Chapter12.6. FourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopy ........................... 909
S.Petit
Chapter12.7. NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectroscopy .......................... 919
J.Sanz
Chapter12.8. TransmissionElectronMicroscopy ................................ 939
F.Elsass
Chapter12.9. SurfaceAreaandPorosity ...................................... 965
L.J.MichotandF.Villie´ras
Chapter12.10. CationandAnionExchange..................................... 979
F.Bergaya,G.LagalyandM.Vayer
Chapter12.11. ThermalAnalysis............................................. 1003
F.Rouquerol,J.RouquerolandP.Llewellyn
Chapter13. SomeOtherMaterialsRelatedtoClays............................. 1019
F.Bergaya,B.K.G.ThengandG.Lagaly
Chapter13.1. LayeredDoubleHydroxides..................................... 1021
C.Forano,T.Hibino,F.LerouxandC.Taviot-Gue´ho
Chapter13.2. ParallelsandDistinctionsbetweenClayMineralsandZeolites............. 1097
D.L.Bish
Chapter13.3. CementHydrates............................................. 1113
H.VanDammeandA.Gmira
Chapter14. GenesisofClayMinerals....................................... 1129
E.Gala´n

Chapter15. HistoryofClayScience:AYoungDiscipline......................... 1163
F.Bergaya,G.LagalyandK.Beneke
Chapter16. TeachingClayScience:AGreatPerspective.......................... 1183
R.Berry,F.BergayaandG.Lagaly
SubjectIndex............................................................ 1197