Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons

557 Pages·2010·3.27 MB·English

Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons
Photo front cover: UNHCR / H.Caux 2007, Displaced Chadian women collect small fish in a pool in the waddi near Dogdore.
Photo back cover: Roald Høvring/NRC, Women briging wood back to an IDP camp in Darfur.
Global Protection Cluster Working Group
March 2010
Foreword
This Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons represents one of the
principal tools of the Global Protection Cluster, and is based on extensive contributions from a
wide range of protection actors from all sides of the spectrum. The provisional release of this
Handbook in 2008 was warmly received by humanitarian, human rights and development
actors in a large number of countries facing the challenge of internal displacement. Donor
countries have also commended this effort to produce a practical tool that reflects the current
guidance, standards and thinking in the area of IDP protection.
The effectiveness of any tool is, of course, judged by the frequency of its use by practitioners in
the field. We hope that the current version of the Handbook fulfils its purpose as a major
source of guidance for the protection of the internally displaced and that it serves to enhance
their protection, irrespective of their location or the causes of their displacement. Following an
initial roll out and field testing exercise, the Handbook now benefits from the experience and
input of some 107 organizations and entities in 18 countries. It is a living document and will
continue to be updated in order to reflect the continuous evolution of policy and thinking in this
domain.
The Handbook will be published in four languages initially. It will be constantly updated in its
online version posted on the OneResponse website. Agencies and other interested actors in
country operations and headquarters are, therefore, encouraged to continue sharing their
suggestions and inputs with
Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons
List of Abbreviations International
and Regional Legal Instruments
International Human Rights Law
CAT Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading
Treatment or Punishment (1984)
CED International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced
Disappearances (2007)
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against
Women (1979)
CMW International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant
Workers and Members of Their Families (1990)
CPD Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006)
CPPCG Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide (1948)
CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)
CRSS Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons (1954)
CRS Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness (1961)
ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
ICERD International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination (1965)
ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
Trafficking in Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons,
Persons Protocol Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United
Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (2000)
UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
International Criminal Law
ICC Statute/ Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998)
Rome Statute
ICTR Statute Statute of the International Tribunal for Rwanda (1994)
ICTY Statute Statute of the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (1993)
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Regional Human Rights Law
AmCHR American Convention on Human Rights (1992)
AmDHR American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man (1948)
AfCHPR African [Banjul] Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (1981)
AfCRWC African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1990)
ArCHR Arab Charter on Human Rights, Council of the League of Arab States (1994)
Cairo Declaration Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam (1990)
ECHR European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and
Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights) (1950)
ESC European Social Charter (revised), Council of Europe (1996)
Protocol 1 Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and
to ECHR Fundamental Freedoms
Protocol 4 Protocol No. 4 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights
to ECHR and Fundamental Freedoms
International Humanitarian Law
CCW 1980 United Nations Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the
Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be
Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects.
Hague Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and
Convention IV its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on
Land (1907)
Hague Regulations Regulations Respecting the Laws and Customs of war on Land
annexed to Hague Convention (II) of 1899 and Hague Convention (IV)
of 1907.
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Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons
Table of Contents
Introduction Introduction to the Handbook.................................................................1
Part I Overview................................................................................................5
Foundations 1. Key concepts and approaches........................................................6
of IDP 2. The legal framework .....................................................................18
Protection
3. The international institutional framework ......................................42
4. National actors..............................................................................66
Part II Overview..............................................................................................81
Attitudes and 1. Attitudes........................................................................................82
Skills 2. Skills .............................................................................................87
Part III Overview............................................................................................113
Protection 1. Situation analysis and protection assessment (Step 1) ..............115
Strategy and 2. Setting protection outcomes and objectives (Step 2)..................121
Response
3. Designing and implementing protection activities (Step 3) .........124
4. Monitoring and evaluating protection impact (Step 4) ................125
5. Developing and implementing a joint protection strategy ...........131
Part IV Overview............................................................................................135
Protection Threats to fundamental human rights and freedoms
Risks: 1. Forced displacement...................................................................136
Prevention,
2. Threat to life, safety and security ................................................146
Mitigation
3. Landmines and explosive remnants of war.................................159
and
4. Gender-based violence...............................................................167
Response
5. Children associated with armed forces or armed groups............181
6. Threat to liberty and freedom of movement ................................194
7. Family separation .......................................................................203
8. Human trafficking........................................................................215
9. Loss of civil status and nationality...............................................224
Limited enjoyment of other rights and basic services
10. Shelter ........................................................................................235
11. Food aid and nutrition .................................................................247
12. Water and sanitation...................................................................255
13. Health .........................................................................................263
14. HIV prevention and treatment .....................................................270
15. Education....................................................................................281
16. Livelihoods..................................................................................291
17. Land and property.......................................................................301
18. Justice.........................................................................................312
19. Political participation and the right to vote ..................................329
Part V Overview............................................................................................337
Activities and 1. Profiling of internally displaced persons .....................................338
Tools for 2. Protection monitoring..................................................................346
Protection
3. Advocacy ....................................................................................357
4. Humanitarian access and presence............................................366
5. Humanitarian assistance.............................................................375
6. Coordination and management of camps and collective settings ...384
7. Disseminating information ..........................................................393
8. Legal assistance and advice.......................................................400
9. Capacity building ........................................................................407
10. Community mobilization..............................................................416
11. Mental health and psychosocial support.....................................426
12. Humanitarian evacuations ..........................................................433
13. Peaceful coexistence..................................................................441
Part VI Overview............................................................................................449
Durable 1. Definitions and principles............................................................451
Solutions 2. Planning and implementing durable solutions ............................452
3. The Framework for Durable Solutions and its operationalization....458
Annexes 1. Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement ..............................473
2. Natural Disasters and the Protection of IDPs .............................481
3. Acknowledgements.....................................................................491
Glossary.........................................................................................................................497
Index...............................................................................................................................519
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INTRODUCTION
Photo IOM/Sunil Srivastava 2006
Information session in South Darfur camp