ebook img

Greening Airports: Advanced Technology and Operations PDF

221 Pages·2011·1.41 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Greening Airports: Advanced Technology and Operations

Green Energy and Technology For furthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8059 Milan Janic´ Greening Airports Advanced Technology and Operations 123 Milan Janic´ Department of Transportand Planning Faculty ofCivil Engineeringand Geosciences Delft Universityof Technology Stevinweg1 2628CN Delft The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] ISSN 1865-3529 e-ISSN1865-3537 ISBN 978-0-85729-657-3 e-ISBN978-0-85729-658-0 DOI 10.1007/978-0-85729-658-0 SpringerLondonDordrechtHeidelbergNewYork BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary (cid:2)Springer-VerlagLondonLimited2011 Apart from anyfair dealing for the purposes of researchor privatestudy, or criticismor review,as permittedundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,thispublicationmayonlybereproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers,orinthecaseofreprographicreproductioninaccordancewiththetermsoflicensesissued bytheCopyrightLicensingAgency.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethosetermsshouldbe senttothepublishers. Theuseofregisterednames,trademarks,etc.,inthispublicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceof aspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantlawsandregulationsandtherefore freeforgeneraluse. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the informationcontainedinthisbookandcannotacceptanylegalresponsibilityorliabilityforanyerrors oromissionsthatmaybemade. Coverdesign:eStudioCalamar,Berlin/Figueres Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) For my brother Predrag—a prominent architect Preface This book describes the potential of advanced technologies and operations for ‘‘greening’’,i.e.,ensuringthesustainabledevelopment,ofairportsasacomponent oftheairtransportsystem,whichalsoincludesairlinesandtheAirTrafficControl (ATC) system. In such context, ‘‘greening’’ implies medium- to long-term miti- gating of the airports’ environmental and social impacts under conditions of their continuous constrained or unconstrained growth. For such a purpose, a range of advanced available and/or forthcoming concepts and strategies, technologies, and operational procedures and rules, are considered. The concepts and strategies include a framework, content, and methodology for monitoring, analysing, and assessing the level of greening, i.e., sustainable development of the entire air transport system and particularly one of its components—airports. The technolo- gies, operational procedures and rules relate exclusively to airports. Specifically, in the airport airside area, these technologies deal with assessing the prospective effects of developing particular large congested airports into true multimodal transport nodes by connecting them to the High Speed Rail (HSR) network,introducingadvancedAirTrafficControl/AirTrafficManagement(ATC/ ATM) technologies that support innovative operational procedures and rules, which are expected to increase the airside (runway) landing capacity, and the gradual introduction of Liquid Hydrogen (LH ) as an alternative aviation fuel. 2 Whereas the former two points are expected to postpone the need for airport spatial expansion by building new infrastructure (runways) which sometimes requires the taking of substantial areas of new land, the latter is expected to mitigate and even diminish the consumption of crude oil as a non-renewable energy source and the related emissions of greenhouse gases by the entire air transport system and particularly airports thanks to the chemical and burning characteristics of LH as an alternative aviation fuel. 2 In the airport landside area, the Light Rail Rapid Transit (LRRT) system is an advanced technology which is expected to improve the capacity, efficiency, and effectivenessofthegroundaccessibilityofairportswhileatthesametimemitigate theoverallenvironmentalandsocialimpactsoftheairportgroundaccesssystems (modes) such as noise, energy consumption and related emissions of greenhouse vii viii Preface gases, traffic congestion, and traffic incidents/accidents. This is expected to be achieved by competitiveness of the LRRT system taking over air passengers and airportemployeesfromotherairportgroundaccesssystems/modes(mainlysingle- passenger cars). The assessment of the contribution of the above-mentioned advanced tech- nologies to ‘‘greening’’, i.e., ensuring the sustainable medium- to long-term development of airports and consequently of the entire air transport system, is based on the ‘‘what-if’’ scenario approach. This implies that almost all technolo- giesandoperationsconsideredhaveeitheralreadybeendevelopedandarewaiting for real-life implementation, or further elaboration is needed before being con- sideredforsuchpotentialimplementation.Inanycase,beforebeingimplemented, they have to be evaluated with respect to their overall social and economic fea- sibility,whichwillrequiretakingintoaccounttheirotherimportanteconomicand social attributes, and particularly their safety and security. Astheauthor,Ihopethatthisbookwillalsobeusedasanadditionalsourceof inspiration and motivation for intensifying research on making airports greener andthusfriendlierforusall,particularlyforourchildrenandgrand-children,who will surely wish to fly more than their parents or grandparents. Milan Janic´ Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Greening the Air Transport System: Structure, Concept, and Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Structure of the Air Transport System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.2 Airlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.3 Airports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.4 Air Traffic Control/Air Traffic Management . . . . . . . . . 16 2.3 Concept of Greening the Air Transport System. . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.3.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.3.2 Aircraft Engine Fuel Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.3.3 Emissions of Greenhouse Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.3.4 Impact on Global Warming and Climate Change . . . . . . 25 2.4 Principles of Greening the Air Transport System. . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.5 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3 Greening Airports I: Monitoring, Analysing, and Assessing. . . . . . 35 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.2 Airports and Concept of Greening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2.1 The Main Components and Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2.2 The Main Strategies for Greening, i.e. Sustainable Development of Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.2.3 Effects—Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.2.4 Impacts—Costs (Externalities) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3 Indicator System as the Core of the Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.3.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.3.2 Prior Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.3.3 Scope and Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 ix

Description:
Greening Airports considers the “greening”, i.e., more sustainable development, of the entire air transport system – airports, air traffic control, and airlines – that could be achieved by the development and implementation of advanced operations and technologies. A broad overview of the gen
See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.