Table Of ContentCarbon Nanostructures
Anish Khan
Mohammad Jawaid
Bernaurdshaw Neppolian
Abdullah M. Asiri Editors
Graphene
Functionalization
Strategies
From Synthesis to Applications
Carbon Nanostructures
Series Editor
Paulo Araujo, The University of Albama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
Editorial Board
Antonio Gomes Sousa Filho, Universidade Federal do Ceara—UFC, Fortaleza,
Brazil
Stephen K. Doorn, Los Alamos National Laboratory—LANL, Los Alamos,
NM, USA
Aaron D. Franklin, Electrical & Com Engg, Hudson Hall 129, Duke University,
Durham, NC, USA
Achim Hartschuh, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
Carbon is intimately connected to almost everything we deal with in a daily basis.
Duetoitsoutstandingproperties,suchashighstabilityatenvironmentalconditions,
different hybridizations, strong covalent bond formation and easy of compounds
formation, carbon has been a topic of scientific interest in several areas. Indeed,
starting in the 19th century, chemists have devoted a whole field to study
carbon-based compounds, which is, nowadays, known as Organic Chemistry.
Remarkably, the last 30 years have been witnessing an exponential advance in the
scienceinvolvingcarbonandcarbonstructures.SincethediscoveryofFullerenesin
1985, which was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996, carbon
nanostructures have been attracting a great deal of attention from the research
community.Thispublicinterestdramaticallyincreasedafterthepublicationsbythe
Iijima and Bethune groups on single-wall carbon nanotubes in 1993 and found a
“new research era” with the isolation of a monolayer of carbon atoms, also called
graphene,whichconductedgroundbreakingexperimentsdemonstratingoutstanding
phenomena such as the Klein-Tunneling and the fractional quantum hall effect.
No wonder, graphene was the object of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics.
The“CarbonNanostructures”bookseriescoversthestate-of-artintheresearchof
nanocarbons and their applications. Topics related to carbon allotropes such as
diamond,graphite,graphene,fullerenes,metallofullerenes,solidC60,buckyonions,
foams, nanotubes and nanocones, including history, theory, synthesis, chemistry
& physics, Biophysics & engineering, characterization methods, properties and
applications are welcome. Within the “Carbon Nanostructures” book series, the
readerwillfindvaluable,up-to-dateaccountofboththenewerandtraditionalforms
of carbon. This book series supports the rapid expansion of this field and is a
valuableresource for students and professionals inseveraldifferent areas.
Springerwelcomesnewbookideasfrompotentialauthors.Ifyouareinterestedin
publishingyourbookinthisseries,pleasecontactusviamayra.castro@springer.com
** Indexed by Scopus (2018) **
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8633
Anish Khan Mohammad Jawaid
(cid:129) (cid:129)
Bernaurdshaw Neppolian Abdullah M. Asiri
(cid:129)
Editors
Graphene Functionalization
Strategies
From Synthesis to Applications
123
Editors
AnishKhan Mohammad Jawaid
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology
KingAbdulaziz University INTROP
Jeddah, SaudiArabia Universiti PutraMalaysia
Selangor, Malaysia
Centerof Excellence for Advanced
Materials Research
AbdullahM. Asiri
KingAbdulaziz University
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science
Jeddah, SaudiArabia
KingAbdulaziz University
Jeddah, SaudiArabia
Bernaurdshaw Neppolian
EnergyandEnvironmentalRemediationLab Centerof Excellence for Advanced
SRMUniversity Materials Research
Chennai, India KingAbdulaziz University
Jeddah, SaudiArabia
ISSN 2191-3005 ISSN 2191-3013 (electronic)
Carbon Nanostructures
ISBN978-981-32-9056-3 ISBN978-981-32-9057-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9057-0
©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2019
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.
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Singapore
Dedicate this book
to his
lovely and precious
Daughter
Aleena Jawaid
Dr. Mohammad Jawaid
Preface
The focus of this book is about the current demand of the technology i.e. func-
tionalization of grapheme oxide by graphting different entities that respond to the
different functionalities just like the sensitive core entities. The specialism in gra-
pheme oxide functionalization inaugurated by its outstanding electrical and
mechanical properties. Unlike other material, this designed material is combined
withresins,carbonmaterials,nanoparticlestoformahighrespondingfunctionality
as to get the interested in that particular materials. Functionalized grapheme oxide
currently standsbest among thereplacementmaterialstoconventional engineering
materials because of its outstanding features such as lightweight, lower cost,
environmentallyfriendly and sustainability. The unique featureof this bookis that
it presents a unified knowledge of the high-quality material on the basis of char-
acterization, design, manufacture and applications.
Thisbookwillhelpresearchers, scientistsandindustries tounderstand theneed
of functionalized graphene for development of safe and sustainable products for
different applications. The characterization of functionalized graphene plays a
crucial role to find out its potentiality in different real-world application. It elabo-
rates the basic characterization offunctionalized graphene or graphene oxide such
as; physical, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Added with significant
morphological and structural properties for clear understanding of this type of
materials.
Wearehighlythankfultoallauthorswhocontributedbookchaptersandprovide
theirvaluableideasandknowledgeinthiseditedbook.Weattempttogatherallthe
scattered information of authors from diverse fields around the world (Malaysia,
Jordan,USA,Turkey,India,SaudiArabia,Bangladesh,Oman,andSweden)inthe
areas of functionalized graphene nanocomposite and applications and finally
complete this venture in a fruitful way. We greatly appreciate contributor’s com-
mitment for their support to compile our ideas in reality.
vii
viii Preface
WearehighlythankfultoSpringer-Natureteamfortheirgenerouscooperationat
every stage of the book production.
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Anish Khan
Selangor, Malaysia Mohammad Jawaid
Chennai, India Bernaurdshaw Neppolian
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Abdullah M. Asiri
Acknowledgments
ThefinancialsupportfromGeneralitatdeCatalunya(Grant2017SGR1033)andthe
Spanish Structures of Excellence Mariá de Maeztu Program Grant
MDM-2017-0767. This work was supported by the project “Information and
Communication Technologies for a Single Digital Market in Science, Education
and Security” of the Scientific Research Center, NIS-3317.
ix
Contents
Synthesis of Metal/Metal Oxide Supported Reduced Graphene
Oxide (RGO) for the Applications of Electrocatalysis and
Supercapacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Lakshmanan Karuppasamy, Lakshmanan Gurusamy, Gang-Juan Lee
and Jerry J. Wu
Functionalized Graphene-Metal Nanoparticles Nanohybrids
as Electrochemical Sensors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Ankita Sinha, Dhanjai, Jiping Chen and Rajeev Jain
Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis, Exfoliation and Functionalisation
of Graphene Derivatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Dipanwita Majumdar
Sonochemically Covalent Functionalized Graphene Oxide Towards
Photoluminescence and Nanocytotoxicity Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Gopal Avashthi, Shrikant S. Maktedar and Man Singh
Functionalized Graphene/Polymer Nanofiber Composites
and Their Functional Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Hanan Abdali and Abdellah Ajji
Graphene Functionalization and Nanopolymers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Martin Kássio Leme Silva and Ivana Cesarino
Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine in the Presence of Uric Acid
Using Graphene Oxide Modified Electrode as Highly Sensitive
and Selective Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Buse Demirkan, Hasan Ay, Sümeyye Karakuş, Gülseren Uzun,
Anish Khan and Fatih Şen
Cyclodextrin Functionalized Graphene and Its Applications . . . . . . . . . 193
Li Fu
xi