GMO food : a reference handbook PDF
Preview GMO food : a reference handbook
GMO Food Recent Titles in the CONTEMPORARY WORLD ISSUES Series WorldSports:AReferenceHandbook MaylonHanold EntertainmentIndustry:AReferenceHandbook MichaelJ.Haupert WorldEnergyCrisis:AReferenceHandbook DavidE.Newton MilitaryRobotsandDrones:AReferenceHandbook PaulJ.Springer Marijuana:AReferenceHandbook DavidE.Newton ReligiousNationalism:AReferenceHandbook AtaliaOmerandJasonA.Springs TheRisingCostsofHigherEducation:AReferenceHandbook JohnR.Thelin VaccinationControversies:AReferenceHandbook DavidE.Newton TheAnimalExperimentationDebate:AReferenceHandbook DavidE.Newton SteroidsandDopinginSports:AReferenceHandbook DavidE.Newton InternetCensorship:AReferenceHandbook BernadetteH.Schell SchoolViolence:AReferenceHandbook,secondedition LauraL.Finley Books in the Contemporary World Issues series address vital ’ issues in todays society such as genetic engineering, pollution, and biodiversity. Written by professional writers, scholars, and nonacademic experts, these books are authoritative, clearly written,up-to-date,andobjective.Theyprovideagoodstarting pointforresearchbyhighschoolandcollegestudents,scholars, and general readers as well as by legislators, businesspeople, activists, and others. Each book, carefully organized and easy to use, contains an overview of the subject, a detailed chronology, biographical sketches, facts and data and/or documents and other primary source material, a forum of authoritative perspective essays, annotated lists of print and nonprint resources, and an index. Readers of books in the Contemporary World Issues series fi will nd the information they need to have a better understanding of the social, political, environmental, and economic issues facing the world today. CONTEMPORARY WORLD ISSUES GMO Food A REFERENCE HANDBOOK David E. Newton Copyright © 2014byABC-CLIO,LLC All rightsreserved. Nopart of this publicationmay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,in any formor byany means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,recording, or otherwise, exceptfor theinclusion of brief quotationsin a review, without prior permissionin writing fromthe publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Newton, David E. GMO food: areference handbook/ DavidE. Newton. pages cm.— (Contemporaryworld issues) Includes bibliographicalreferences and index. ISBN 978–1–61069–685–2 (hardcopy : alk.paper) —ISBN 978–1–61069–686–9(ebook) 1. Genetically modified foods. 2. Geneticallymodifiedfoods—Socialaspects.3. Genetically modifiedfoods—Riskassessment.4. Transgenicplants. I.Title.II. Title:Geneticallymodifiedorganismsfood.III.Title:Genetically modifiedfood. TP248.65.F66N49 2014 664—dc23 2014021910 ISBN: 978–1–61069–685–2 EISBN: 978–1–61069–686–9 18 17 16 15 14 1 2 3 4 5 This book isalso available ontheWorld WideWebas an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com fordetails. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O.Box 1911 Santa Barbara,California 93116-1911 This book isprintedon acid-freepaper Manufactured in the United Statesof America Contents Preface, xv 1 BACKGROUND AND HISTORY,3 Hybridization, 4 The Birth of Genetics, 6 The Gene, 7 The Process of Genetic Engineering, 14 Concerns about rDNA Research, 20 History of rDNA Regulation, 24 Breakthroughs in rDNA Research, 28 fi Types of Genetically Modi ed Plants, 32 fi Genetically Modi ed Animals, 37 Conclusion, 38 References, 39 2 PROBLEMS, CONTROVERSIES, AND SOLUTIONS,49 fi Opposition to Genetically Modi ed Foods, 49 fi Public Opinion on Genetically Modi ed Foods in the United States, 52 vii viii Contents fi Public Opinion about Genetically Modi ed Foods in Europe, 58 fi Regulation of Genetically Modi ed Crops and Foods in the European Union, 60 The Cartagena Protocol, 65 A Shift in Emphasis, 66 fi Current Status of Regulation of Genetically Modi ed Organisms in Europe, 68 A Shift in Emphasis: European Regulations on Labeling, 70 fi Regulation of Genetically Modi ed Products throughout the World, 74 fi Genetically Modi ed Crops and Foods: Pro and Con, 78 fi Potential Bene ts to the Agricultural System, 78 fi Potential Bene ts to Human Health, 85 fi Potential Bene ts to the Natural Environment, 86 Potential Harm to Human Health, 88 Potential Harm to the Natural Environment, 94 Potential Social and Economic Harm, 97 fi Labeling of Genetically Modi ed Foods in the United States, 98 Pros and Cons of Labeling, 100 Conclusion, 101 References, 102 3 PERSPECTIVES, 117 Introduction, 117 A Sledgehammer or a Dart?: Sandy Becker, 117
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