Global Restructuring and the Power of Labour PDF
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International Political Economy Series General Editor: Timothy M. Shaw, Professor of Commonwealth Governance and Development, and Director of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London Titles include: Hans Abrahamsson UNDERSTANDING WORLD ORDER AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE Poverty, Conflict and the Global Arena Preet S. Aulakh and Michael G. Shcechter (editors) RETHINKING GLOBALIZATION(S) From Corporate Transnationalism to Local Interventions Sandra Braman (editor) THE EMERGENT GLOBAL INFORMATION POLICY REGIME James Busumtwi-Sam and Laurent Dobuzinskis TURBULENCE AND NEW DIRECTION IN GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY Elizabeth De Boer-Ashworth THE GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY AND POST-1989 CHANGE The Place of the Central European Transition Bill Dunn GLOBAL RESTRUCTURING AND THE POWER OF LABOUR Myron J. Frankman WORLD DEMOCRATIC FEDERALISM Peace and Justice Indivisible Helen A. Garten US FINANCIAL REGULATION AND THE LEVEL PLAYING FIELD Randall D. Germain (editor) GLOBALIZATION AND ITS CRITICS Perspectives from Political Economy Barry K. Gills (editor) GLOBALIZATION AND THE POLITICS OF RESISTANCE Richard Grant and John Rennie Short (editors) GLOBALIZATION AND THE MARGINS Axel Hülsemeyer (editor) GLOBALIZATION IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY Convergence or Divergence? Helge Hveem and Kristen Nordhaug (editors) PUBLIC POLICY IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION Responses to Environmental and Economic Crises Takashi Inoguchi GLOBAL CHANGE A Japanese Perspective Jomo K.S. and Shyamala Nagaraj (editors) GLOBALIZATION VERSUS DEVELOPMENT Craig N. Murphy (editor) EGALITARIAN POLITICS IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION Michael Niemann A SPATIAL APPROACH TO REGIONALISM IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY Morten Ougaard THE GLOBALIZATION OF POLITICS Power, Social Forces and Governance Markus Perkmann and Ngai-Ling Sum GLOBALIZATION, REGIONALIZATION AND CROSS-BORDER REGIONS Leonard Seabrooke US POWER IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE The Victory of Dividends Timothy J. Sinclair and Kenneth P. Thomas (editors) STRUCTURE AND AGENCY IN INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOBILITY Fredrik Söderbaum and Timothy M. Shaw (editors) THEORIES OF NEW REGIONALISM A Palgrave Reader Kendall Stiles (editor) GLOBAL INSTITUTIONS AND LOCAL EMPOWERMENT Competing Theoretical Perspectives Amy Verdun EUROPEAN RESPONSES TO GLOBALIZATION AND FINANCIAL MARKET INTEGRATION Perceptions of Economic and Monetary Union in Britain, France and Germany International Political Economy Series Series Standing Order ISBN 978-0-333-71708-2 hardcover Series Standing Order ISBN 978-0-333-71110-1 paperback (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and one of the ISBNs quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England Global Restructuring and the Power of Labour Bill Dunn University of the West of England, UK © Bill Dunn 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 978-1-4039-3261-7 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-51621-6 ISBN 978-0-230-00066-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230000667 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dunn, Bill, 1963– Global restructuring and the power of labour/Bill Dunn. p. cm. — (International political economy series) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Foreign trade and employment. 2. Labor unions. 3. Labor market. 4. Working class—Economic conditions. 5. Industries. 6. Structural adjustment (Economic policy) 7. Globalization—Economic aspects. 8. Industrial relations. I. Title. II. International political economy series (Palgrave Macmillan (Firm)) HD5710.7.D86 2004 331—dc22 2003063945 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 Contents List of Tables vi List of Abbreviations vii Part I Perspectives of Labour and Global Change 1 Introduction: Bringing Labour Back In 3 2 Globalisation, the State and Labour 13 3 Globalisation: The Spatial Dispersal of Labour? 24 4 Post-Fordism: The Social Dispersal of Labour? 41 5 Investigating the Claims of Globalisation and Post-Fordism 52 Part II Evidence of Labour’s Condition 6 Automobiles 61 7 Construction 90 8 Semiconductors 114 9 Finance 137 Part III Reconsidering the Power of Labour 10 Assessing Restructuring and Labour’s Situation 169 11 From the Critique of Globalisation and Post-Fordism to Strategic Research for Labour 194 References 213 Index 237 v List of Tables 4.1 Schematic characterisation of Fordist and post-Fordist modes of accumulation 44 6.1 Correlation between GDP per capita and automobile industry growth in major producing countries, 1960–99 70 6.2 Automobile output by headquarters and production location, in thousands, 1999 71 6.3 Average distances and number of major UK import markets, 1979 and 1999 80 6.4 Average GDP per capita of major UK import markets, 1979 and 1999 81 7.1 Foreign direct investment inflows and construction revenues, 1990–96 (US$ millions) 100 7.2 Trade in construction materials and equipment, 1980–2000 101 8.1 World semiconductor workforce by production and firm ownership location, 1999 122 9.1 Bank assets to GDP, selected major countries, 1980–2000 142 9.2 Foreign to domestic bank assets, 1980–2000, as percentages 143 9.3(a) Overseas banks in New York by country of origin, 1979–99 (in per cent) 146 9.3(b) Overseas banks in London by country of origin, 1979–99 (in per cent) 147 vi List of Abbreviations AFL/CIO American Federation of Labor/Congress of Industrial Unions AIC Advanced Industrialised Country AMD Advanced Micro Devices Inc. AT&T AT&T Corp. ATM Automatic Telling Machine BIS Bank of International Settlements BL former British auto-firm (previously British Leyland) BMW Bayerische Motorwerke AG CAW Canadian Autoworkers union CPE Comparative Political Economy CTM Confederación de Tabajadores de México CV Commercial Vehicle CWA Communications Workers of America EU European Union Fab Semiconductor wafer fabrication factory FDI Foreign Direct Investment FIRE Finance, Insurance and Real Estate G7 United States, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy and Canada G10 United States, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, Netherlands, Sweden, Belgium and (as an honorary member) Switzerland GDP Gross Domestic Product GM General Motors Corp. HP Hewlett-Packard Co. IBM International Business Machines Corp. IC Integrated Circuit ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions ILO International Labour Organization IMF International Monetary Fund IPE International Political Economy IT Information Technology ITS International Trade Secretariats vii viii List of Abbreviations JIT Just-in-Time LDC Less Developed Country (unless otherwise specified follows the UN usage to denote all except Advanced Industrialised Countries) LOSC Labour only Subcontracting M&A Merger and Acquisition MES Minimum Efficiency of Scale MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan) MNC Multinational Corporation (used generally to refer to firms operating in more than one country, including those sometimes designated ‘transnational’, ‘post-national’, ‘stateless’ or ‘global’) NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NCA National Constructors Association (US) NEC NEC Corp. (formerly Nippon Electric Company) NIC Newly Industrialising Country NIDL New International Division of Labour NTT Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp. NUVB National Union of Vehicle Builders (UK) OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OFC Offshore Financial Centre R&D Research and Development SMMT Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd (UK) ST ST Microelectronics NV TGWU Transport and General Workers Union (UK) TI Texas Instruments Inc. Triad Japan, North America (the United States and Canada) and Western Europe UAW Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America UBS Union Bank of Switzerland UN United Nations UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization USAF United States Air Force VW Volkswagen AG Part I Perspectives of Labour and Global Change
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