Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop

597 Pages·2010·54.82 MB·English

by  Tim Ormsby

DESKTOP
Ormsby' Napoleon' Burke' Groessl • Bowden
PRJ"
[~RI
ESRI Press,380 NewYork Street, Redlands, California 92373-8100
Copyright @ 2010 ESRI
All rghts reserved. Frrst ed tio']2OO1. Sscond oort'on 2004
14 13 12 11 10 1234567a910
Printed in the United States of America
LibEry of Congess Catalogingin-Publbatton Data
Gefting to know ArcGlS desktop / llmothy James ormsby...let al.].-2nd ed.
p.
cm.
lncludes index.
ISBN 97&1-58948-260-9 (pbk. : alk. paper)
l. ArcGlS. 2. Geographic infomation systems. 3. Graphical user interfaces (Computer systems) l. Ormsby, Tim.
G70.2I2.G489 2010
910.285'53-dc22
2O1OO14231
The information contained in this document is the exclusive prop€rty of ESBl.This work is protected under United States copy
right lawand the copyright laws of the given countries of origin and applicable international laws, treaties, and/or conventions.
No part of thls work may be reproduced ortransmifted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including pho-
tocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except as expressly permitted in writing by ESRI. All
requests should be sent to Attention: Contlacts and Legal Services N4anager, ESRI, 380 NewYo* Street, Redlands, California
92373€100, USA.
The information contained in this document is subjgctto change without notice.
U.S. Government Restricted/Limited Rights: Any software, documentation, 6nd/or data delivered hereunder is subject to the
terms ofthe License Agreement. ln no event shallthe U.S. Government acquire greater than restricted/limited rights. At a mini-
mum, use. duplication, or disclosure bythe U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in FAR 5 52.227'14 Alternates
l, ll, and lll (JUN 1987); FAH 952.227-19 UUN 198, andlot FAR 512.211112.212 (CommercialTechnical Data/Computer
Softwarel; and DFARS 5252.227-7015 (NOV 1995) (Technical Data) and/or DFAAS t227.72O2lcompur$ Software), as applicab e.
Contractor/Manufacturer is ESRI, 380 NewYork Street, Bedlands, California 92373-8100, USA.
ArcGlS, ArcMap, Arcview ArcEditot Arclnfo, ArcReader, 3D Analyst, Arccatalog, ArcToolbox, Mode Buildar, ArcPad, ArcSDE,
Spatial Database Engine, StreetMap. Arcobjects, ESRI, vwvwes .com, @esri-com, and the ESRl Press logo are trademarks.
registered tEdemarks, or service marks of ESRI in the Unit€d States, the European Community, orcertain other jurisd ictions.
Other companies and products mentioned herein are trademarks or registered tradem6rks oftheir respective trademark owners.
Ask for ESRI Press titles at your local bookstore or order by calling 800447-9778, or shop online at
wwwesri.com/esrip€ss. Outside the United States, contact your local ESRI distributor or shop online
at \dwweurospanbookstore.com/EsBl.
ESRI Press titles are distributed to the trade by th€ following:
lngrarn Publisher Services
Toll-f ree telephone: 800S4&3104
Toll-f ree fax 800-83&1 149
F-rrdrl: custo.nerserv [email protected]
ln the United Kingdon, Europe, Middle East and Africa, Asia, and Australia:
Eurospan Group
3 Henrietia Sireet
LondonWC2E 8LU
United Kingdom
Te ephone:44{0) 1767 604972
F€x:44(0) 1767 601640
E-mail: [email protected]
I
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction xi
Section 1 Getting to know GIS
Chapter 1 Introducing GIS
Chapter 2 Introducing Arc GIS Desktop 13
Section 2 Getting started with maps and data
Chapter 3 Exploring ArcMap 19
Exercise 3a Displaying map data 22
Exercise 3b Navigating a map 34
Exercise 3c looking at feature attributes 43
Chapler 4 Exploring ArcCatalog 53
Exercise 4a Browsing map data 55
Exercise 4b Searching for map data 66
Exercise 4c Adding data to ArcMap 74
Section 3 Displaying data
Chapter 5 Symbolizing features and rasters 89
Exercise 5a Changing symbology 92
Exercise 5b Symbolizing features by categorical attributes 99
Exercise 5c Using styles and creating layer files 111
Exercise 5d Symbolizing rasters 121
vi
COI/fI.'IlfJ'
Chapter 6 Classifying features and rasters 131
Exercise 6a Classifying features by standard methods 134
Exercise 6b Classifying features manually 145
Exercise 6c Mapping density 154
Exercise 6d Using graduated and chart symbols 161
Chapter 7 Labeling features 175
Exercise 7a Using dynamic labels 177
Exercise 7b Setting rules for placing labels 185
Exercise 7c Using interactive labels and creating annotation 196
Section 4 Getting information about features
Chapter 8 Querying data 203
Exercise 8a Identifying, selecting, finding, and hyperlinking features 205
Exercise 8b Selecting features by attribute 216
Exercise Be Creating reports 221
Chapter 9 Joining and relating tables 229
Exercise 9a Joining tables 233
Exercise 9b Relating tables 243
Section 5 Analyzing feature relationships
Chapter 10 Selecting features by location 257
Exercise lOa Using location queries 259
Exercise lOb Combining attribute and location queries 265
Chapter 11 Preparing data for analysis 279
Exercise 11a Dissolving features 281
Exercise lIb Creating graphs 290
Exercise 11c Clipping layers 296
Exercise lId Exporting data 303
Chapter 12 Analyzing spatial data 309
Exercise 12a Buffering features 312
Exercise 12b Overlaying data 321
Exercise 12c Calculating attribute values 332
Chapter 13 Projecting data in ArcMap 339
Exercise 13a Projecting data on the fly 344
Exercise 13b Defining a prOjection 357
vii
COl/tents
Section 6 Creating and editing data
Chapter 14 Building geodatabases 367
E.xercise 14a Creating a personal geodatabase 370
Exercise 14b Creating feature classes 377
Exercise 14c Adding fields and domains 384
Chapter 15 Creating features 391
Exercise 15a Drawing features 394
Exercise 15b Using feature construction tools 401
Chapter 16 Editing features and attributes 415
Exercise 16a Deleting and modifying features 417
Exercise 16b Splitting and merging features 428
Exercise 16c Editing feature attribute values 436
Chapter 17 Geocoding addresses 443
Exercise 17a Creating an address locator 446
Exercise J7b Matching addresses 454
Exercise 17c Rematching addresses 465
Section 7 Presenting data
Chapter 18 Making maps from templates 473
Exercise 1& Opening a map template 475
Exercise IBb Adding x,y data to a map 483
Exercise IBc Drawing graphics on a map 489
Chapter 19 Making maps for presentation 497
Exercise 198 Laying out the page 499
Exercise 19b Adding a title 508
Exercise 19c Adding a north arrow, scale bar, and legend 517
Exercise 19d Adding final touches and setting print options 526
Section 8 Modeling
Chapter 20 Creating models 533
Exercise 20a Starting a model 536
Exercise 20b Building a model 546
Exercise 20e Enhancing a model 557
Appendix A Data license agreement 569
Appendix B Installing the data and software 573
Index 579
This Page is Intentionally Left Blank

Scanned by Sunbeam Rahman
I
)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ESRI thanks the following people and groups for contributing data and images to this book.
Maps of rainfall, elevation, soils, and growing seasons for North and South America (chapter I)
are based on data provided by DATA+ and the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Maps of elevation, hillshacle, and tempera[Ure for the Mojave Desert (chapter 5) are based on
data provided by the U.S. Defense Depanment Mojave Desert Ecosystem Program.
Satellite image and map of Mission Bay, San Diego, California, (chapter 5) provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey.
African diamond mine. river, and wildlife layers (chapters 5 and 6) provided by OATA+ and the
Russian Academy of Sciences.
State of Louisiana layers (chapter 9). including nonhazardous waste pits, parish boundaries, and
navigable waterways, provided by David Gisclair of the Louisiana Oil Spill Coordinator's Office,
Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
City of Riverside, California, layers (chaprer 10), including neighborhoods, places, buildings,
and zoning, provided by the City of Riverside GIS Departmenr. City of Riverside census tract
layer provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. City of Riverside freeways layer provided by Goo·
graphic Data Technology Inc. Copyright 1990-98 Geographic Data Technology Inc. All rights
reserved.
Tongass National Forest, Alaska, stream and forest stand layers (chapters 11, 12, and 20) provided
by [he U.S. Forest Service, Tongass National Forest, Ketchikan Area.
Population attributes for U.S. states and cities (chapter 13) provided by the United States
Census Buteau.
x
ArknollJ[tdgll/(//(s
City of Manhanan, Kansas, and Riley County. Kansas, layers (chapters 14, IS, and 16),
including parcels, watc=r lines, water valves. fire hydrants, and air photo, provided by Dan
Oldehoeft. City of Manhattan. Kansas, and John Cowan, Riley COUnty, Kansas.
Satellite image of Crater Lake (chapter IS) provided by the Unitc=d States Geological Survc=y.
On thc= Web: craterlake.wr.usgs.gov/space.html.
Atlanta streets layer (chaptc=r 17) provided by Geograph.ic Data Tc=chnology, Inc. Copyright
1990-98 Geographic Data Technology Inc. All rights reserved.
Typhoon Etang latitude and longitude coordinates (chaptc=r 18) provided by thc= U.S. Defense
Dc=partmc=m Joint Typhoon Warning Center. .
Tigc=r reserve layers for India (chapter 18) provided by the World Wildlifc= Fund. On the
Web: www.worldwildlife.org.
Thanks to our editor, Michael Karman, if miglior fobbro.
Thanks also to JoneH Alvi for additional writing; to Judy Boyd, Tom Brennc=man. Nick Frunzi,
Christian Harder, Mak.ram Murad, Brian Parr, Gillian Silvertand, Damian Spangrud, Thad
Tilton, and Randy Worch for rc=chnical reviews and advicc=; to Prashant Hc=dao and Brian
Parr for data acquisition; to Donna Celso for redeSign; to Riley Peake for tc=chnical review;
and to Michael Law for the ArcGIS 10 update.
)
INTRODUCTION
Gttting t(J Know ArcGIS Desktop is a workbook for ~ginners. Its detailed, step·by-step exercises
teach yOll the core functionality of ArcGIS Desktop software: how to make maps, carry out spa
tial analysis, and build and edit spatial databases in the context of realistic projects. The exercises
are supported by conceptual discussions at the start of each chapter and as needed throughout
the book. Abundant color graphics confirm your progress along the way.
The exercises can all be completed with an ArcView, ArcEditor. or Ardnfo Ikense. That's because
all three software products share a common interface and much of the same functionality:
anything that can be done in ArcView can also be done in ArcEditor or Arclnfo, and in exactly
the same way. For this reason, Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop is an introduction to each of the
products. (Advanced capabilities of Arc Editor and ArcI nfo are not covered.)
Gming to Know ArcGIS Desktop has been a GIS best seller since its publication in 2001. This
volume has been updated to ensure compatibility with ArcGIS 10, with many new graphiCS and
instructions added to showcase the latest functionality.
The book comes with a CD containing exercise data. To download a trial copy of ArcGIS
Desktop, ArcEditor license, go to www.esrLcom/esripresss. You need to install both the software
and the data to do the exercises in (he book. (If you have access to a computer on which the
ArcView. ArcEditor, or Arclnfo license of ArcGIS Desktop 10 is already installed. you only need
to install the data CD.) Appendix B describes the installation process.
Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop is a hands~on workbook meant to be a practical manual for
classroom lab work or on-the-job training. If you have no GIS background, chapter 1 gives you
a quick overview. If you have no ArcGIS software experience, chapter 2 describes ESRI GIS
software products.
XII Illtroductioll
The book has twO introductory chapters and eighteen exercise chapters. Each exercise chapter
contains two to four exercises that focus on a particular GIS task or problem. Many common
tasks are covered, including symbolizing and labeling maps, classifying data, querying maps,
analyzing spatial relationships, setting map projections, building spatial databases, editing
data, geocoding addresses, and making map layouts.
Each new exercise in Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop is a fresh starting point, with the maps
and data you need already prepared for you. It is advisable to follow the chapters in order
because tools and functions used often in early chapters may not be described again in later
ones. The exercises will work, however, no matter which chapter you start with. Each chapter
takes about an hour or two to complete.
Roll up your sleeves and start Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop.