Genetics for Dummies (ISBN - 0764595547) PDF
Preview Genetics for Dummies (ISBN - 0764595547)
by Tara Rodden Robinson Genetics FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page iii 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page ii Genetics FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page i 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page ii by Tara Rodden Robinson Genetics FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page iii Genetics For Dummies® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River St. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2005 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permit- ted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, 317-572-3447, fax 317-572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK ARE INTENDED TO FURTHER GENERAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, UNDERSTANDING, AND DISCUSSION ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED AND SHOULD NOT BE RELIED UPON AS RECOMMENDING OR PROMOTING A SPECIFIC METHOD, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT BY PHYSICIANS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PATIENT. THE PUB- LISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PAR- TICULAR PURPOSE. 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NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY ANY PROMOTIONAL STATEMENTS FOR THIS WORK. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. For general information on our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002. For technical support, please visit www.wiley.com/techsupport. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Control Number: 2005924624 ISBN-13: 978-0-7645-9554-7 ISBN-10: 0-7645-9554-7 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1O/RZ/QY/QV/IN 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page iv About the Author Tara Rodden Robinson, R.N., B.S.N., Ph.D., is a native of Monroe, Louisiana, where she graduated from Ouachita Parish High School. She earned her degree in nursing at the University of Southern Mississippi and worked as a registered nurse for nearly six years (mostly in surgery), before running away from home to study birds in the Costa Rican rainforest. From the rainforests, Tara traveled to the cornfields of the Midwest to earn her Ph.D. in Biology at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Her dissertation work was con- ducted in the Republic of Panama where she examined the social lives of Song Wrens. She got her post-doctoral training in genetics with Dr. Colin Hughes (University of Miami) and through a Postdoctoral Fellowship at Auburn University. Dr. Robinson received a teaching award for her genetics course at Auburn and was twice included in Who’s Who Among America’s Teachers (2002 and 2005). Now, as assistant research professor in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at Oregon State University, Tara studies the genetics of birds and fish at Hatfield Marine Science Center in Newport, Oregon. Professor Robinson’s research includes conducting paternity analysis to uncover the mysteries of birds’ social lives, examining population genetics of endangered salmon, and using DNA to find out which species of salmon sea-going birds like to eat. Professor Robinson conducts research on birds in locations all over the map including Oregon, Michigan, and the Republic of Panama. Her field research includes comparisons of the evolution of tropical and temperate birds, exam- ining the effects of urbanization on swallows and bluebirds, describing the mating habits of Northern Mockingbirds, and documenting the effects of forest fragmentation on tropical bird populations. Recently, she and her hus- band, ornithologist W. Douglas Robinson, traveled to the island of Yap to survey birds and bats after a devastating typhoon wrecked the forests of that tiny, unique Micronesian state. When not traveling, Professor Robinson enjoys playing Celtic and Scottish tunes on her fiddle and hiking the Coast Range of Oregon with her husband and their dog, Natchez. 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page v 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page vi Dedication To my parents, Bill and Sammie Rodden. And Douglas: You are my Vitamin D. Author’s Acknowledgments I extend thanks to my wonderful editors at Wiley: Stacy Kennedy, Elizabeth Rea, and especially Mike Baker. Many other people at Wiley worked hard to make this book a reality; special thanks go to Melisa Duffy, Lindsay MacGregor, Abbie Enneking, Grace Davis, and David Hobson. I appreciate the help of Doug P. Lyle, M.D., Walter D. Smith, Benoit Leclair, Maddy Delone and Jen Dolan of the Innocence Project, and Jorge Berreno at Applied Biosystems, Inc. I thank Paul Farber (Oregon State University), Iris Sandler (University of Washington), Robert J. Robbins (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center), and Garland E. Allen (Washington University) for answering my queries about genetics history. Electronic Scholarly Publishing provided access to historically important genetics papers on the Web. Many people provided support during the preparation of the manuscript: Jill Lee loosened my muscles, John and all the good people at Sunnyside Up sup- plied caffeine, and Bill Rodden read chapters. I acknowledge the support of the faculty, staff, and students of the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University. Julia Whittington, DVM, of University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Veterinary Medicine answered my questions about the reproductive physiology of cats and dogs. Oris Acevedo; the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; and the scientists of Barro Colorado Island, particularly Rachel Page and Egbert Leigh, provided congenial com- pany and office space in Panama. My colleagues Michael Banks, Martin Wikelski, Bob Ricklefs, and Phil Rossignol provided constant encouragement. I also want to thank my postdoctoral mentor, Colin Hughes (now of Florida Atlantic University). I send a hearty “War Eagle!” to my friends, former stu- dents, and colleagues from Auburn University, especially Mike & Marie Wooten, Sharon Roberts, and Shreekumar Pulai. My deepest gratitude goes to my husband, Douglas, who patiently endured all the throes of writing and bouts of insomnia while unfailingly providing love, support, and “Vitamin D.” I’m grateful to all our students at OSU, espe- cially Suzanne Austin-Bythell. Our friends, Elsie and Elzy Eltzroth, Linda Audrain, and Craig Skinner cheered me on, and Shari Ame provided musical distraction. Finally, I thank my mom and dad for love, support, prayers, and gumbo. 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page vii Publisher’s Acknowledgments We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our Dummies online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/. Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following: Acquisitions, Editorial, and Media Development Project Editor: Mike Baker Acquisitions Editor: Stacy Kennedy Copy Editor: Elizabeth Rea Editorial Program Assistant: Courtney Allen Technical Reviewer: Nathan Pankratz Editorial Manager: Christine Meloy Beck Editorial Assistant: Hanna Scott, Nadine Bell Cover Photos: © U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome Program (www.ornl.gov/hgmis) Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com) Composition Services Project Coordinator: Nancee Reeves Layout and Graphics: Carl Byers, Kely Emkow, Barry Offringa, Heather Ryan, Erin Zeltner Proofreaders: Leeann Harney, Jessica Kramer, Joe Niesen, Carl William Pierce, TECHBOOKS Production Services Indexer: TECHBOOKS Production Services Publishing and Editorial for Consumer Dummies Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher, Consumer Dummies Joyce Pepple, Acquisitions Director, Consumer Dummies Kristin A. Cocks, Product Development Director, Consumer Dummies Michael Spring, Vice President and Publisher, Travel Kelly Regan, Editorial Director, Travel Publishing for Technology Dummies Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher, Dummies Technology/General User Composition Services Gerry Fahey, Vice President of Production Services Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services 01_595547 ffirs.qxd 8/3/05 2:12 PM Page viii
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