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GANDHI QUIZ Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti (GSDS) was formed in September 1984 by the merger of Gandhi Darshan at Rajghat and Gaodhi Smriti, at 5, Tees January Marg as an autonomous body, and is functioning under the constructive advice and financial support from the Department of Culture, Ministry of Culture, Government of India. The Prime Minister of India is its Chairperson and it has a nominated body of senior Gandhians and representatives of various government departments to guide it in its activities. The basic aim and objective of the Samiti is to propagate the life, mission and thought of Mahatma Gandhi through various socio-educational and cultural programmes. It has two campuses. Gandhi Smriti, housed in the Old Birla House on 5, Tees January Marg, New Delhi, is the sacred place where Mahatma Gandhi's epic life ended in January 30,1948. Mahatma Gandhi had lived in this house from September 9, 1947 to January 30,1948. Thus, the hallowed-house treasures many memories of the last 144 days of his life. The Old Birla House was acquired by the Government of India in 1971 and was converted into a National Memorial of the Father of the Nation and was opened to the public on August 15,1973. The preserves include the room where Gandhiji lived and the prayer ground where mass congregation used to be held and where Gandhiji was felled by the assassin's bullets. The building and the landscape have been preserved as they were then. On display in the Museum are photographs, sculptures, paintings, frescos, inscriptions on rocks and relics pertaining to the years Gandhiji spent here. The meagre personal effects of Gandhiji too are carefully preserved. One could also be witness to modern computing technology, which relives the Gandhian legacy in the "Eternal (Shashwat Gandhi) Multimedia Exhibitions" recently launched in Gandhi Smriti. A larger than life statue of Mahatma Gandhi, with a boy and a girl holding a dove in their hands standing on either side, emerging out of the globe, symbolising his universal concern for the poor and the deprived, welcomes the visitor at the main entrance of the Gandhi Smriti. It is the work of the renowned sculptor Sri Ram Sutar. The legend at the base of the sculpture says, "My Life is My Message". A Martyr's Column stands at the spot where Gandhi was assassinated, commemorating the Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi as the embodiment of all the sufferings and sacrifices that characterised the long struggle for India's Freedom. GANDHI QUIZ A Way to Know Mahatma Gandhi Compiled by SHASHWATI JHALANI and SAMIKSHA MUDGAL Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti New Delhi Copyright © Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti ISBN 81-87900-00-21 Published by The Director. Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti. Rajghat, New Delhi and 110002 printed at Ashok Printing Press. Gali Mata VVali. Nai Sarak. Delhi. Phone : 2810. 3264968. 3258859. Price : Rs. 100/- CONTENTS Preface 07 Section-I 09 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi The Early Years (1869-1893) Section-II 26 Gandhiji in South Africa (1893-1914) Section-III 51 Mahatma Gandhi In India (1915-1948) Section-IV 96 Gandhian Philosophy - His Sayings Section-V 129 Mahatma Gandhi - World Opinion Section-VI 145 Gandhian Literature Section-VII 164 Gandhian Institutions Answers 183 PREFACE Every epoch of history has seen individuals who have made a decisive contribution, and but for whom the history of the period, not only in their own country or region, but sometimes on a global scale, would not have been the same. Mahatma Gandhi is regarded as one such individual. Though it may still be too early to capture the profound impact Gandhiji had on our world, his place in the history of his time cannot be narrated, much less assessed, in any comprehensive manner without taking into account his own identity, character, vision and values. The teaching and practice of Mahatma Gandhi show us the alternative path to strengthen all new democracies and develop healthy norms of public life. He did not leave any set of doctine of Gandhism behind him, but his life reflects his philosophy, which is so basic that it appeals to every human heart. 'My Life Is My Message' is the eternal message of the Mahatma to humanity. Taking this message to the younger generation is a formidable challenge before us. It was this very generation for whom Albert Einstein had voiced his concern when he said, 'Generations to come it may be, will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth.' "Gandhi Quiz' is our humble attempt to make knowing and understanding that extraordinary legend possible for this generation in simple and interesting way. The 'Gandhi Quiz' received a further boost when in an inspring gesture Shri R. Venkataraman, the former President of India, contributed a trophy, which now goes by the name of 'President R. Venkataraman Rolling Trophy', which was instituted by the Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti in the year 2002. We are happy to present the second edition of the 'Gandhi Quiz' : A Way to Know Mahatma Gandhi prepared by two of my young colleagues Shashwati Jhalani and Samiksha Mudgal. While it may not be an exhaustive work covering all aspects of the Epic Life of Gandhiji, we hope it will arouse the curiosity of the children and youth to know the man we revere as the Father of the Nation. I express my deep appreciation of our Programme Unit in making this project a fascinating learning experience for the participants. We would welcome suggestions and cooperation of the readers to improve this book further Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti August 15, 2004 Savita Singh Director SECTION - 1 MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI - THE EARLY YEARS (1869-1893) Q.1. When was Gandhiji born? (a) 2nd October, 1868 (b) 2nd October, 1869 (c) 2nd October, 1870 (d) 2nd October, 1871 Q.2. Where was Gandhiji born? (a) Porbandar or Sudamapuri (b) Wardha (c) Rajkot (d) Werawal Q.3. By which name is Gandhiji's ancestral home known today? (a) Birla House (b) Gandhi Nagar (c) Bankanair's House (d) Kirti Mandir Q.4. What was Gandhiji's grandfather's name? (a) Karamchand Gandhi (b) Lakshmidas Gandhi (c) Uttamchand Gandhi (d) Tulsidas Gandhi Q.5 How many times did Gandhiji's grandfather marry? (a) Six times (b) Four times (c) Two times (d) One time Q.6. What was Gandhiji's grandfather's occupation? (a) Diwan in Rajkot (b) Government Servant in Wardha (c) Contractor in Ahmedabad (d) Diwan in Porbandar State Q.7. How many children were there from the first wife of Uttamchand Gandhi? (a) Four sons (b) Two sons and two daughters (c) Two sons (d) One son and two daughters Q.8. How many children did Uttamchand Gandhi's second wife have? (a) Four sons (b) Two sons and two daughters (c) Two sons (d) One son and two daughters Q.9. What was the name of Uttamchand Gandhi's second wife's eldest son? (a) Ram Chander Gandhi (b) Karamchand Gandhi (c) Tulsidas Gandhi (d) Lakshmidas Gandhi Q.10. What was Uttam Chand Gandhi Popularly known as? (a) Manu Gandhi (b) Uttam Gandhi (c) Kaba Gandhi (d) Ota Gandhi Q.11. What was Gandhiji's father's name? (a) Laxmichand Gandhi (b) Karamchand Gandhi (c) Tulsidas Gandhi (d) Mohanchand Gandhi Q.12. How many times had Gandhiji's father married? (a) Once (b) Twice (c) Three times (d) Four times Q.13. What was Gandhiji's mother's name? (a) Titli Bai (b) Putlibai (c) Kasturbai (d) Ranibai Q.14. What was the nature of Gandhiji's mother? (a) Shy (b) Short-tempered (c) Religious (d) Careless Q.15. Putlibai was which wife of Karamchand Gandhi? (a) First (b) Second (c) Third (d) Fourth Q.16. How many real brothers and cousins did Karamchand Gandhi have? (a) Two (b) Four (c) Five (d) Six Q.17. How many real brothers did Karamchand Gandhi have? (a) Four (b) Three (c) Two (d) One Q.18. What was the profession of Gandhiji's father? (a) Farmer (b) Diwan (c) Shop-keeper (d) Tehsildar Q.19. How many children did Karamchand Gandhi have from his other three wives? (a) One son (b) Four sons (c) Two daughters (d) None Q.20. How many children did Putlibai have? (a) Two sons and two daughters (b) One daughter and three sons (c) Four sons (d) Three sons Q.21. What was the name of Gandhiji's Sister? (a) Gauri (b) Raliat (c) Rambha (d) Meera Q.22. Name Gandhiji's eldest brother? (a) Lakshmidas (b) Karsan das (c) Devdas (d) Tulsidas Q.23. Name his second brother? (a) Lakshmidas (b) Karsandas (c) Devdas (d) Tulsidas Q.24. What was Gandhiji's Uncle's name? (a) Harilal (b) Devdas (c) Tulsidas (d) Ramdas Q.25. Where did Gandhiji's father serve as Diwan? (a) Porbandar (b) Patiala (c) Baroda (d) Gwalior Q.26. What was his father popularly known as? (a) Kaba Gandhi (b) Ota Gandhi (c) Manu Gandhi (d) Chandu Gandhi Q.27. What was the name of Gandhiji's mother's domestic help? (a) Titlidai (b) Rambha dai (c) Rainadai (d) Gauri dai Q.28. Who inspired Gandhiji with 'Ram Nam' in his childhood? (a) Kasturba (b) Putlibai (c) Rambha Dai (d) Lakshmi Das Q.29. Who was Gandhiji's spiritual guru besides his mother? (a) Rambha Dai (b) Lakshmi Das (c) Raliat Ben