Fundamentals of nursing PDF
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CONTENTS UNIT 1 UNIT 3 Nursing and the Health Care Environment Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice 1 Nursing Today, 1 15 Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice, 192 Anne Griffn Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN 2 The Health Care Delivery System, 14 16 Nursing Assessment, 206 Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN 3 Community-Based Nursing Practice, 31 17 Nursing Diagnosis, 222 Anne Griffn Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN 4 Theoretical Foundations of Nursing 18 Planning Nursing Care, 236 Practice, 40 Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Anne Griffn Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN 19 Implementing Nursing Care, 253 5 Evidence-Based Practice, 50 Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Amy M. Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE 20 Evaluation, 265 Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN UNIT 2 Caring Throughout the Life Span 21 Managing Patient Care, 274 Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD 6 Health and Wellness, 65 Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Unit 4 7 Caring in Nursing Practice, 79 Professional Standards in Nursing Practice Anne Griffn Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN 22 Ethics and Values, 286 8 Caring for the Cancer Survivor, 90 Margaret Ecker, RN, MS Kay E. Gaehle, PhD, RN 23 Legal Implications in Nursing Practice, 296 9 Culture and Ethnicity, 101 Christine R. Durbin, PhD, JD, RN Jerrilee LaMar, PhD, RN, CNE 24 Communication, 309 10 Caring for Families, 116 Jeri Burger, PhD, RN Anne Griffn Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN 25 Patient Education, 328 11 Developmental Theories, 130 Amy M. Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE Karen Balakas, PhD, RN, CNE 26 Documentation and Informatics, 348 12 Conception Through Adolescence, 139 Frank Lyerla, PhD, RN Karen Balakas, PhD, RN, CNE 13 Young and Middle Adults, 157 Patsy L. Ruchala, DNSc, RN 14 Older Adults, 171 Karen Korem, RN-BC, MA Unit 5 UNIT 7 Foundations for Nursing Practice Physiological Basis for Nursing Practice 27 Patient Safety, 365 38 Activity and Exercise, 746 Marinetta DeMoss, RN, MSN Rita Wunderlich, PhD, RN 28 Infection Prevention and Control, 398 39 Hygiene, 768 Ruth M. Curchoe, RN, MSN, CIC Deborah Marshall, MSN 29 Vital Signs, 441 40 Oxygenation, 821 Susan Jane Fetzer, PhD, RN, MBA Paulette M. Archer, RN, EdD 30 Health Assessment and Physical 41 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, 882 Examination, 487 Linda Felver, PhD, RN Rhonda W. Comrie, PhD, RN, CNE, AE-C 42 Sleep, 939 31 Medication Administration, 565 Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Amy M. Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE 43 Pain Management, 962 32 Complementary and Alternative Therapies, 643 Linda Cason, MSN, RN-BC, NE-BC, CNRN Mary S. Koithan, PhD, RN, CNS-BS 44 Nutrition, 996 Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD UNIT 6 45 Urinary Elimination, 1042 Psychosocial Basis for Nursing Practice Terry L. Wood, PhD, RN, CNE 33 Self-Concept, 658 46 Bowel Elimination, 1087 Victoria N. Folse, PhD, APN, PMHCNS-BC, LCPC Lori Klingman, MSN, RN 34 Sexuality, 674 47 Mobility and Immobility, 1127 Kathy Lever, MSN, WHNP-C Ann B. Tritak, EdD, MA, BSN, RN 35 Spiritual Health, 691 48 Skin Integrity and Wound Care, 1176 Amy M. Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE Janice Colwell, RN, MS, CWOCN, FAAN 36 The Experience of Loss, Death, and Grief, 708 49 Sensory Alterations, 1233 Valerie Yancey, PhD, RN Jill Parsons, RN, MSN, PCCN 37 Stress and Coping, 731 50 Care of Surgical Patients, 1254 Marjorie Baier, PhD, RN Carrie Sona, RN, MSN, CCRN, ACNS, CCNS Glossary, 1296 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EIGHTH EDITION YOU’VE JUST PURCHASED MORE THAN A TEXTBOOK ACTIVATE THE COMPLETE LEARNING EXPERIENCE THAT COMES WITH YOUR BOOK BY REGISTERING AT http://evolve.elsevier.com/Potter/fundamentals Once you register, you will have access to your FREE STUDY TOOLS: • P repare for Class, Clinical, or Lab Answers and Rationales for Review Questions, Answers to Clinical Application Questions, Case Studies with questions, printable Key Points, Video Clips, Interactive Skills Performance Checklists, Animations, Fluids and Electrolytes Tutorial, Audio Glossary, Concept Map Creator, Nursing Skills Online reading assignments, Calculation Tutorial, Key Term Flashcards, Interactive Learning Activities, and Content Updates • P repare for Exams Review Questions with Rationales, Three comprehensive Fundamentals practice quizzes • A dditional Resources Building Competency Scenarios and Answers REGISTER TODAY! FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EIGHTH EDITION Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Director of Research Patient Care Services Barnes-Jewish Hospital St. Louis, Missouri Anne Griffn Perry, RN, EdD, FAAN Professor and Associate Dean School of Nursing Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville, Illinois Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD President of the College Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing Peoria, Illinois Amy M. Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE Chair and White Family Endowed Professor of Nursing Dunigan Family Department of Nursing and Health Sciences University of Evansville Evansville, Indiana 3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING ISBN 978-0-323-07933-4 Copyright © 2013 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1993, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, an affliate of Elsevier Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Nursing Diagnoses—Defnitions and Classifcation 2012-2014. Copyright © 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001, 1998, 1996, 1994 by NANDA International. Used by arrangement with Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, a company of John Wiley and Sons, Inc. In order to make safe and effective judgments using NANDA-I nursing diagnoses it is essential that nurses refer to the defnitions and defning characteristics of the diagnoses listed in the work. Notices Knowledge and best practice in this feld are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identifed, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. International Standard Book Number: 978-0-323-07933-4 Senior Content Strategist: Tamara Myers Content Development Specialist: Tina Kaemmerer Content Coordinator: Melissa Rawe Publishing Services Manager: Deborah L. Vogel Senior Project Manager: Jodi M. Willard Design Direction: Brian Salisbury Working together to grow libraries in developing countries Printed in Canada www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 CONTRIBUTORS Paulette M. Archer, RN, EdD Margaret Ecker, RN, MS Frank Lyerla, PhD, RN Professor Director, Nursing Quality Assistant Professor Saint Francis Medical Center College Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical School of Nursing of Nursing Center Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Peoria, Illinois Los Angeles, California Edwardsville, Illinois Marjorie Baier, PhD, RN Linda Felver, PhD, RN Deborah Marshall, MSN Associate Professor Associate Professor Assistant Professor of Nursing School of Nursing School of Nursing Dunigan Family Department of Nursing Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Oregon Health & Sciences University University of Evansville Edwardsville, Illinois Portland, Oregon Evansville, Indiana Karen Balakas, PhD, RN, CNE Susan Jane Fetzer, PhD, RN, MBA Jill Parsons, RN, MSN, PCCN Professor and Director Associate Professor Assistant Professor Clinical Research Partnerships University of New Hampshire MacMurray College Goldfarb School of Nursing at Durham, New Hampshire Jacksonville, Illinois Barnes-Jewish College St. Louis, Missouri Victoria N. Folse, PhD, APN, Patsy L. Ruchala, DNSc, RN PMHCNS-BC, LCPC Director and Professor Jeri Burger, PhD, RN Director and Associate Professor University of Nevada-Reno Assistant Professor School of Nursing Reno, Nevada University of Southern Indiana Illinois Wesleyan University Evansville, Indiana Bloomington, Illinois Carrie Sona, RN, MSN, CCRN, ACNS, CCNS Linda Cason, MSN, RN-BC, NE-BC, CNRN Kay E. Gaehle, PhD, RN Surgical Critical Care CNS Manager Employee Education and Associate Professor of Nursing Barnes Jewish Hospital Development Department School of Nursing St. Louis, Missouri Deaconess Hospital Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Evansville, Indiana Edwardsville, Illinois Ann B. Tritak, EdD, MA, BSN, RN Dean and Professor of Nursing Janice Colwell, RN, MS, CWOCN, FAAN Lori Klingman, MSN, RN School of Nursing Advance Practice Nurse Nursing Faculty and Advisor Saint Peter’s College University of Chicago Ohio Valley General Hospital School Jersey City, New Jersey Chicago, Illinois of Nursing McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania Terry L. Wood, PhD, RN, CNE Rhonda W. Comrie, PhD, RN, CNE, Assistant Clinical Professor AE-C Mary S. Koithan, PhD, RN, CNS-BS School of Nursing Associate Professor Associate Professor Southern Illinois University Edwardsville School of Nursing College of Nursing Edwardsville, Illinois Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville University of Arizona Edwardsville, Illinois Tucson, Arizona Rita Wunderlich, PhD, RN Associate Professor Ruth M. Curchoe, RN, MSN, CIC Karen Korem, RN-BC, MA Director Baccalaureate Program Director, Infection Prevention Professional Practice Specialist Saint Louis University Unity Health System Geriatric Nurse Clinician St. Louis, Missouri Rochester, New York OSF Saint Francis Medical Center Peoria, Illinois Valerie Yancey, PhD, RN Marinetta DeMoss, RN, MSN Associate Professor Manager of Staff Development Jerrilee LaMar, PhD, RN, CNE School of Nursing St. Mary’s Medical Center Assistant Professor of Nursing Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Evansville, Indiana University of Evansville Edwardsville, Illinois Evansville, Indiana Christine R. Durbin, PhD, JD, RN Assistant Professor Kathy Lever, MSN, WHNP-C School of Nursing Associate Professor of Nursing Southern Illinois University Edwardsville University of Evansville Edwardsville, Illinois Evansville, Indiana v This page intentionally left blank REVIEWERS Marianne Adam, MSN, CRNP Leigh Ann Bonney, MSN, RN Vicki R. Crews, RN, MBA, MSN Assistant Professor Instructor Nursing Faculty Moravian College OSF Saint Francis Medical Center Hillsborough Community College Bethlehem, Pennsylvania College of Nursing Tampa, Florida Peoria, Illinois Amy S. Adams, MSN, RN Michele C. Curry, MS, RN Associate Professor Joy M. Boyd, RN, MSN Senior Lecturer St. Elizabeth School of Nursing Assistant Professor of Nursing Indiana University East School of Nursing Lafayette, Indiana Jackson State Community College Indiana University Jackson, Tennessee Richmond, Indiana Rebecca Appleton, RN, PhD Professor of Nursing Janet Witucki Brown, PhD, RN, CNE Judith L. Dedeker, RN, MSN, CNE Marshall University Associate Professor Associate Professor of Nursing Huntington, West Virginia Knoxville College of Nursing Southern Adventist University The University of Tennessee Collegedale, Tennessee Mary Dell Armwood, MSN, RN Knoxville, Tennessee Assistant Professor of Nursing Lauren Deichmann, MSN, FNP-BC Southern Arkansas University Anna Bruch, RN, MSN Family Nurse Practitioner Magnolia, Arkansas Professor of Nursing BJH Center for Preoperative Assessment Illinois Valley Community College and Planning Suzanne Bailey, MSN, PMHCNS-BC Oglesby, Illinois St. Louis, Missouri Associate Professor of Nursing University of Evansville Pat Callard, MSN, RN, CNE Barbara Derwinski, MSN, RNC, WH, BC Evansville, Indiana Assistant Professor of Nursing Associate Professor College of Graduate Nursing Bozeman College of Nursing Martha C. Baker, PhD, RN, APRN-BC Western University of Health Sciences Montana State University-Billings Campus Director, BSN Program Pomona, California Billings, Montana Professor of Nursing St. John’s College of Nursing Linda Cason, MSN, RN, CNRN, BC Melinda Dicken, MSN, RN, CNS Southwest Baptist University Manager, Employee Education and Nursing Instructor Bolivar, Missouri Development and Health Science Library Azusa Pacifc University Deaconess Hospital Azusa, California Margaret E. Barnes, RN, MSN Evansville, Indiana Assistant Professor Holly Johanna Diesel, RN, BSN, MSN, Indiana Wesleyan University Kim Clevenger, EdDc, MSN, RN, BC PhD Marion, Indiana Associate Professor of Nursing Associate Professor Morehead State University Goldfarb School of Nursing Nicole Bartow, RN, MSN, BA Morehead, Kentucky Barnes Jewish College Director of Clinical Simulation Learning St. Louis, Missouri Center Christine M. Corcoran, RN, MS, FNP-BC University of Missouri-Columbia Instructor Kimberly Dudas, PhD(c), MS, RN, Columbia, Missouri Coordinator NP Programs ANP-BC, CNE College of Mount Saint Vincent Assistant Professor Janet E. Bitzan, RN, PhD Bronx, New York Accelerated Nursing Program Coordinator Clinical Associate Professor New Jersey City University School of Nursing Suzanne M. Costello, RN, BSN, MSN Jersey City, New Jersey University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Professional Nurse Educator Milwaukee, Wisconsin Educational Specialist-Allied Health Dawna Egelhoff, MSN, RN Jameson Health System Assistant Professor Joanne Bonesteel, MS, RN New Castle, Pennsylvania School of Nursing Nursing Faculty Lewis & Clark Community College Excelsior College Graciela Lopez Cox, MSN, RN Godfrey, Illinois Albany, New York Assistant Professor School of Nursing Amber Essman, MSN, RN, CNE, CFRN Sacramento Regional Learning Center Assistant Professor Samuel Merritt University Chamberlain College of Nursing Sacramento, California Columbus, Ohio vii
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