Fundamentals of fluid mechanics

783 Pages·2009·14.426 MB·English

by  Munson B.R., Young D.F., Okiishi T.H., Huebsch W.W.

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Sixth Edition
F
undamentals
of Fluid Mechanics
BRUCE R. MUNSON
DONALD F. YOUNG
Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics
THEODORE H. OKIISHI
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Iowa State University
Ames, Iowa, USA
WADE W. HUEBSCH
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
West Virginia University
Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
John Wiley & Sons,Inc.
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To Erik and all others who possess the curiosity,
patience, and desire to learn
Publisher: Don Fowley
Editorial Assistant: Mark Owens
AcquistionsEditor: Jennifer Welter
MediaEditor: Lauren Sapira
MarketingManager: Christopher Ruel
Production Manager: Dorothy Sinclair
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Cover:photo shows the development of vortices which the water strider uses for moving on the surface of
water by the transfer of momentum from the movement of its legs to the shed vortices (i.e. rowing). The fluid
dynamics are visualized by adding thymol blue to the water surface. For more on water striders,see the
following in this text:Problem 1.103 in Chapter 1; Fluids in the News titled “Walking on water”in Sect. 1.9;
and Video V10.3 “Water strider”in Chapter 10. Photo courtesy of David L. Hu and John W. M. Bush,MIT.
This book was typeset in 10/12 Times Roman by Aptara®,Inc.,and printed and
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Munson,Bruce R.,Young,Donald F.,Okiishi,Theodore H.,Huebsch,Wade W.
Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics,Sixth Edition
ISBN 978-0470-26284-9
Printed in the United States of America.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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A
bout the Authors
Bruce R. Munson,Professor Emeritus of Engineering Mechanics at Iowa State University,received
his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Purdue University and his Ph.D. degree from the Aerospace Engi-
neering and Mechanics Department of the University of Minnesota in 1970.
Prior to joining the Iowa State University faculty in 1974,Dr. Munson was on the mechanical
engineering faculty of Duke University from 1970 to 1974. From 1964 to 1966,he worked as an en-
gineer in the jet engine fuel control department of Bendix Aerospace Corporation, South Bend,
Indiana.
Dr. Munson’s main professional activity has been in the area of fluid mechanics education and
research. He has been responsible for the development of many fluid mechanics courses for studies
in civil engineering,mechanical engineering,engineering science,and agricultural engineering and
is the recipient of an Iowa State University Superior Engineering Teacher Award and the Iowa State
University Alumni Association Faculty Citation.
He has authored and coauthored many theoretical and experimental technical papers on hy-
drodynamic stability,low Reynolds number flow,secondary flow,and the applications of viscous in-
compressible flow. He is a member of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Donald F. Young,Anson Marston Distinguished Professor Emeritus in Engineering,received his B.S.
degree in mechanical engineering,his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in theoretical and applied mechanics from
Iowa State Uiversity,and has taught both undergraduate and graduate courses in fluid mechanics at Iowa
State for many years. In addition to being named a Distinguished Professor in the College of Engineer-
ing,Dr. Young has also received the Standard Oil Foundation Outstanding Teacher Award and the Iowa
State University Alumni Association Faculty Citation. He has been engaged in fluid mechanics research
for more than 35 years,with special interests in similitude and modeling and the interdisciplinary field of
biomedical fluid mechanics. Dr. Young has contributed to many technical publications and is the author
or coauthor of two textbooks on applied mechanics. He is a Fellow of The American Society of Mechan-
ical Engineers.
Ted H. Okiishi,Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering at Iowa State University,joined the
faculty there in 1967 after receiving his undergraduate and graduate degrees from that institution.
From 1965 to 1967, Dr. Okiishi served as a U.S. Army officer with duty assignments at the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio, where he
participated in rocket nozzle heat transfer research,and at the Combined Intelligence Center,Saigon,
Republic of South Vietnam,where he studied seasonal river flooding problems.
Professor Okiishi and his students have been active in research on turbomachinery fluid dy-
namics. Some of these projects have involved significant collaboration with government and indus-
trial laboratory researchers with two of their papers winning the ASME Melville Medal (in 1989 and
1998).
Dr. Okiishi has received several awards for teaching. He has developed undergraduate and gradu-
ate courses in classical fluid dynamics as well as the fluid dynamics of turbomachines.
He is a licensed professional engineer. His professional society activities include having been
a vice president of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and of the American
Society for Engineering Education. He is a Life Fellow of The American Society of Mechanical En-
gineers and past editor of its Journal of Turbomachinery. He was recently honored with the ASME
R. Tom Sawyer Award.
Wade W. Huebsch,Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineer-
ing at West Virginia University, received his B.S. degree in aerospace engineering from San Jose
State University where he played college baseball. He received his M.S. degree in mechanical engi-
neering and his Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from Iowa State University in 2000.
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viii About the Authors
Dr. Huebsch specializes in computational fluid dynamics research and has authored multiple
journal articles in the areas of aircraft icing, roughness-induced flow phenomena, and boundary
layer flow control. He has taught both undergraduate and graduate courses in fluid mechanics and
has developed a new undergraduate course in computational fluid dynamics. He has received multi-
ple teaching awards such as Outstanding Teacher and Teacher of the Year from the College of Engi-
neering and Mineral Resources at WVU as well as the Ralph R. Teetor Educational Award from
SAE. He was also named as the Young Researcher of the Year from WVU. He is a member of the
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,the Sigma Xi research society,the Society of
Automotive Engineers,and the American Society of Engineering Education.