Functional Foods and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Disorders

227 Pages·2022·4.909 MB·English

by  Preetham Elumalai, Sreeja Lakshmi

Preetham Elumalai
Sreeja Lakshmi   Editors
Functional Foods and
Therapeutic Strategies
for Neurodegenerative
Disorders
Functional Foods and Therapeutic Strategies
for Neurodegenerative Disorders
(cid:129)
Preetham Elumalai Sreeja Lakshmi
Editors
Functional Foods
and Therapeutic Strategies
for Neurodegenerative
Disorders
Editors
Dr.PreethamElumalai Dr.SreejaLakshmi
DepartmentofMarineBiology, SchoolofOceanScienceandTechnology,
MicrobiologyandBiochemistry KeralaUniversityofFisheriesandOcean
SchoolofMarineSciences,Cochin Studies
UniversityofScienceandTechnology Cochin,Kerala,India
Cochin,Kerala,India
ISBN978-981-16-6702-2 ISBN978-981-16-6703-9 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6703-9
©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSingapore
PteLtd.2022
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether
thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by
similarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication
doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant
protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
The publisher, the authors, and the editorsare safeto assume that the adviceand informationin this
bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor
theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany
errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional
claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721,
Singapore
I dedicate this book to my loving late mother
without whom I would never be able to
succeed in my life, to my late father who
instigated me to stay independent and
determined, and to all my diligent students
whose feedback has always helped me to be a
better teacher.
–Preetham Elumalai
Foreword
It is a great pleasure to write the foreword to the book Functional Foods and
Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative disorders edited by Dr. Preetham
ElumalaiandDr.SreejaLakshmi.Thebookcarriesimportanceinthecurrentcontext
wherepeoplepracticehealthyageingencompassingnaturaltreatmentstrategies.
Diseases are never ending as far as human life is concerned. Disorders of brain
destroyusbothphysicallyandmentally.Ageingremainsasthemajorriskfactorfor
many diseases. The highly debated neurodegenerative disorders procure enormous
fruitfulinvestigationsoverthepastyears,towardsaplethoraoftreatmentstrategies
as these diseases make one’s life really challenging owing to their disastrous
approach and leaving a high healthcare cost. As age progresses, people suffering
from neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s
diseases are unable to bear the side effects as well as the cost of the medications
prescribedforthesame.Asscienceinclinestonaturaltreatmentpractices,scientific
researches are successfully ahead with exploring natural resources for bioactive
compoundsthatcanbeappliedasefficienttoolsfortreatingdiseases.
The book is a comprehensive collection of contemporary treatment strategies
employing natural bioactive compounds as well as modern diagnostic applications
with nanoparticles, biomarkers and in silico techniques towards neurodegenerative
disorders. I take this opportunity to appreciate the editors and authors for their
vii
viii Foreword
sincere effort to bring this book to enlighten and uplift the knowledge on the
managementandtreatmentofneurodegenerativedisorders.
K.K.ShailajaTeacher
FormerKeralaHealthMinister,
Member,KeralaLegislativeAssembly,
Mattannur,Kannur,Kerala,India
Foreword
IamsopleasedtohaveanopportunitytowritetheforewordforthebookFunctional
Foods and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Disorders edited by
Dr.PreethamElumalaiandDr.SreejaLakshmi.
“Oldageisthesupremeevil,becauseitdeprivesusofallpleasures,leaving
us only the appetite and it brings with it all sufferings. Nevertheless, we fear
death,andwedesireoldage.”-GiacomoLeopardi.
Agingandrelatedhealthdisordershavebecomeanunavoidablephaseinthelife
cycleofeveryhumanbeing.Themechanismsunderlyingaging,age-linkedsuscep-
tibility to diseases and the consequential medical treatments for age-related health
disordersareemergingasexcellentresearchableissuesamongresearchersacrossthe
world.Neurodegenerativedisordershavealwaysbeenaninvaluableresearchtopic,
and the most common type of diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and
Huntington’sdisease hasseenlong fruitfulyears ofproductive researchduringthe
pastfourdecades.Neurodegenerativedisordersaremostfrequentlyviewedasoneof
the life-threatening ailments and therefore highly challenging as they bring about
heavyburdennotonlytothepatientsbuttotheirfamiliesandsocietiesatlargewhich
attractexorbitanthealthcarecosts.
We all need healthy brain. Nowadays people understand the importance of
healthy aging and scientific practices to contain diseases through diet, lifestyle
ix
x Foreword
factors, exercises, etc. Owing to the high risk of side effects of medicines for
neurodegenerative disorders, science is more inclined nowadays to naturopathy
whichiseasilyaccessible,cost-effectiveandrelativelyfreefromsideeffects.
In the present book, the authors comprehensively illustrate contemporary treat-
ment protocols in respect of diverse neurodegenerative disorders incorporating
bioactive compounds from natural resources as well as advanced interdisciplinary
diagnostic practices including nanoparticles, biomarkers and in silico techniques. I
sincerely appreciate thepainstaking efforts made by the authors inarticulating this
book which will definitely provide an enchanting reference material for validating
theprogressattainedinthetherapyandmanagementofneurodegenerativedisorders
besidesservingasavaluableadditiontotheexistingbodyofknowledge.
Prof.Dr.B.MadhusoodanaKurup
FounderViceChancellor,
KeralaUniversityofFisheriesandOceanStudies,
FormerAdvisortoMinisterforFisheries,
Govt.ofKerala,
Chairman,ScientificAdvisoryCommittee,
RGCA,MPEDA,Govt.ofIndia
Chairman,ResearchAdvisoryCommittee,
ICAR-CIBA,CIFRI,
Cochin,Kerala,India
Preface
Aging is an inevitable phenomenon creating entropy in one’s life by deteriorating
one’s physiological systems and anatomical structures. Senescence is associated
withincreasedriskforaplethoraofdiseasesandsomeofthemendupwithlossof
homeostasisandfinallydeath.Asageprogressesmanyofthebiologicalprocessesas
well as environmental factors conjointly lead to progressive neurodegeneration.
Neurodegeneration is an inherent condition characterised by structural and func-
tional impairment of neurons. The most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders—
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD),
andAmyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)—areoftenhiredaslifethreateningaswell
asasocialandeconomicburdentothehealthcaresystem.Despitetheconventional
beliefsandstrategies,sciencealongwiththehealthcaresystemhastakeninitiatives
tostepforwardwithhealthyagingforbetterlivingofagedpeople.Pastfewyear’s
scientificresearchhasexplorednovelremedies,incorporatingdiet,lifestylefactors,
and bioactive compounds/immunostimulants from natural resources to treat neuro-
degenerativedisordersinthecontextwheretherapeuticdrugswerefoundineffective
in reverting or pausing neurodegenerative disorders. Moreover, these natural anti-
dotes are depicted as highlighters that boons the sustainability of healthy brain
renderingprotectionagainstneurodegeneration.
Our book isanticipated toprovide anoverview of the current status ofresearch
andfutureperspectivesinthefieldoftreatingneurodegenerativedisorders.Thebook
will integrate different aspects such as advancements in current treatment scenario
incorporating prebiotics, phytochemicals, polyphenols and potential marine bioac-
tive compounds towards the treatment strategies along with leading contemporary
methods for prophylactic and diagnostic practices, comprising nanoparticles, in
silico techniques and biomarkers. We expect that the contents of the book provide
potential knowledge regarding future perspectives in the management of neurode-
generativedisorders.
Cochin,Kerala,India PreethamElumalai
SreejaLakshmi
xi