Fruit and Vegetables: Harvesting, Handling and Storage PDF
Preview Fruit and Vegetables: Harvesting, Handling and Storage
TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ffirs.tex V2-08/21/2014 1:58P.M. Pagei Fruit and Vegetables TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ffirs.tex V2-08/21/2014 1:58P.M. Pageii To Elara,Maya,Ciaran,CaitlinandCameron towhomIowemuchmorethantheywilleverknow TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ffirs.tex V2-08/21/2014 1:58P.M. Pageiii Fruit and Vegetables Harvesting, Handling and Storage Third Edition Volume 1 Introduction and Fruit A.K. Thompson TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ffirs.tex V2-08/21/2014 1:58P.M. Pageiv ©2015byJohnWiley&Sons,Ltd Thisthirdeditionfirstpublished2015 Editionhistory:IowaStatePress(1e,1996);BlackwellPublishingLtd(2e,2003) Registeredoffice:JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Editorialoffices:9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK 111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030-5774,USA Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservicesandforinformationabouthowtoapplyforpermissionto reusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. TherightoftheauthortobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeUKCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyform orbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher. Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.Allbrandnamesand productnamesusedinthisbookaretradenames,servicemarks,trademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheirrespective owners.Thepublisherisnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendormentionedinthisbook. LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Whilethepublisherandauthor(s)haveusedtheirbesteffortsinpreparingthis book,theymakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontentsofthisbook andspecificallydisclaimanyimpliedwarrantiesofmerchantabilityorfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Itissoldonthe understandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedinrenderingprofessionalservicesandneitherthepublishernorthe authorshallbeliablefordamagesarisingherefrom.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,the servicesofacompetentprofessionalshouldbesought. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Thompson,A.K.(A.Keith) Fruitandvegetables:harvesting,handlingandstorage/A.K.Thompson.–Thirdedition. volumescm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Contents:Introductionandfruit ISBN978-1-118-65404-0(cloth) 1.Fruit–Postharvesttechnology.2.Vegetables–Postharvesttechnology.I.Title. SB360.T452014 634′.0441–dc23 2014013794 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbeavailablein electronicbooks. Coverimage:©iStockphoto/raddanovic Setin10/12ptMinionbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India 12015 TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ftoc.tex V2-08/21/2014 11:12A.M. Pagev Contents AbouttheAuthor xi Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv 1. Preharvestfactorsonpostharvestlife 1 Nutrients 1 Soilacidity 6 Organicproduction 6 Light 7 Daylength 8 Temperature 8 Waterrelations 9 Productionsystem 10 Harvestmaturity 11 Preharvestinfection 11 Growthregulation 13 2. Assessmentofcropmaturity 15 Fieldmethods 15 Postharvestmethods 19 3. Harvestingandhandlingmethods 29 Cropdamage 29 Harvesting 31 Fieldtransport 35 4. Precooling 37 Heatremoval 38 Precoolingmethods 39 5. Packaging 45 Typesofpackaging 46 Packagerecycling 52 Modifiedatmospherepackaging 53 6. Postharvesttreatments 63 Minerals 63 Astringencyremoval 64 Antioxidants 64 TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ftoc.tex V2-08/21/2014 11:12A.M. Pagevi vi Contents Sproutsuppressants 65 Fruitcoatings 65 1-MCP 66 Salicylicacid 67 Curing 67 Hotwatertreatment 68 Vapourheattreatment 68 Degreening 69 7. Storage 70 Storemanagementandorganisation 70 Storedesignandmethod 72 Refrigeratedstorage 76 Controlledatmospherestores 79 Hypobaricstorage 89 8. Diseasesandpests 91 Pests 91 Diseases 92 Legislation 93 Modeofinfection 94 Non-chemicalmethodsofdiseasecontrol 96 9. Safety 108 Micotoxins 109 Bacterialtoxins 110 Safetyincontrolledatmospherestores 112 Toxicityofpackagingmaterial 113 Packhousesafety 113 10. Marketingandtransport 115 Marketing 115 Marketingsystems 116 Marketanalysis 119 Branding 120 Nationaltransport 121 Internationaltrade 121 Coldchain 122 Transportbysea 122 Quarantine 128 Internationaltransportbyairfreight 132 Temperaturemonitoring 134 11. Fruitripening 135 Changesduringfruitripening 136 Controlledatmospherestorageonripening 141 Designofripeningrooms 142 Ethyleneonripening 143 TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ftoc.tex V2-08/21/2014 11:12A.M. Pagevii Contents vii 12. Specificrecommendationsforfruit 145 Abiu 145 Abiyuch 145 Açaí 146 Acerola 147 Achachairú 148 Africanfanpalm 148 Africanpear 149 Amelanchier 149 Amazontreegrape 149 Anthora 150 Apples 150 Apricot 174 Arbutus 176 Asianpears 177 Assyrianplum 179 Atemoya 180 Arazá 180 Babaco 181 Bael 182 Bakuri 182 Bakupari 183 Banana 183 Bananapassionfruit 227 Baobab 228 Bayberry 229 Bilimbi 231 Biriba 231 Bittermelon 232 Blackberry 233 Blackcurrant 234 Blacksapote 236 Blueberry,bilberry 237 Camu-camu 240 Canistel 241 Capulin 241 Carambola 241 Carissa 244 Cashewapples 244 Cherimoyas 245 Cherry 247 Chinesejujube 250 Chinesesquash 251 Chinesewhitepear 251 Citron 252 Citrushybrids 252 Clementines 253 Cloudberries 254 TrimSize:189mmx246mm Thompson ftoc.tex V2-08/21/2014 11:12A.M. Pageviii viii Contents Cocona 255 Cranberries 255 Custardapple 257 Dabai 258 Damsons 258 Dates 259 Dewberries 262 Dragonfruit 262 Durian 264 Easypeelingcitrusfruits 266 Elderberry 267 Emblic 267 Feijoas 269 Fig 269 Frenchsorrel 272 Gardenhuckleberry 272 Genips 273 Giantgranadilla 273 Ginseng 274 Gooseberry 274 Governor’splum 276 Greengages 276 Grapes 277 Grapefruit 293 Guava 297 Gulupa 300 Hawthorne 300 Hogplum 301 Huckleberry 301 Ilama 301 Indianjujube 302 Jackfruit 303 Jamun 305 Jamaicanhoneysuckle 306 Jamaicansorrel 306 Japaneseplum 307 Jostaberry 308 Kiwano 309 Kiwifruit 310 Kinnow 314 Kumquats 316 Langsat,lanzon,duku 316 Lemons 317 Limeberry 320 Limes 320 Limequats 323 Litchi 323 Loganberries 330
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