Frontiers in Relativistic Celestial Mechanics, Volume 2: Applications and Experiments

352 Pages·2014·5.514 MB·English

by  Sergei M. Kopeikin

SergeiM.Kopeikin(Ed.)
FrontiersinRelativisticCelestialMechanics
De Gruyter Studies in
Mathematical Physics
|
Editedby
MichaelEfroimsky,Bethesda,Maryland,USA
LeonardGamberg,Reading,Pennsylvania,USA
DmitryGitman,SãoPaulo,Brazil
AlexanderLazarian,Madison,Wisconsin,USA
BorisSmirnov,Moscow,Russia
Volume 22
Frontiers in Relativistic
Celestial Mechanics
|
Volume 2: Applications and Experiments
Edited by
Sergei M. Kopeikin
PhysicsandAstronomyClassificationScheme2010
04.20.-q,04.80.-y,04.80.Cc,06.30.Ft,91.10.-v,95.10.Ce,95.10.Jk,95.10.Km,95.40.+s
Editor
Prof.Dr.SergeiM.Kopeikin
UniversityofMissouri
DepartmentofPhysics&Astronomy
223PhysicsBldg.
Columbia,MO65211
USA
E-mail:[email protected]
ISBN978-3-11-034545-2
e-ISBN978-3-11-034566-7
Set-ISBN978-3-11-034567-4
ISSN2194-3532
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
ACIPcatalogrecordforthisbookhasbeenappliedforattheLibraryofCongress.
BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek
TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie;
detailedbibliographicdataareavailableintheInternetathttp://dnb.dnb.de.
©2014WalterdeGruyterGmbH,Berlin/Boston
Typesetting:le-texpublishingservicesGmbH,Leipzig
Printingandbinding:CPIbooksGmbH,Leck
♾Printedonacid-freepaper
PrintedinGermany
www.degruyter.com
|
ThisFestschriftisdedicatedtoProfessorVictorA.Brumberg,
forhisenthusiasmanddevotiontothescienceofrelativisticcelestialmechanics,
andtocelebratehis80thbirthday.
List of contributors
Prof.Dr.IgnazioCiufolini Prof.Dr.AntonioPaolozzi
UniversityofSalento SapienzaUniversityRome
DepartmentofEngineeringforInnovation SchoolofAerospaceEngineering
ComplessoEcotekne,edificio“CorpoO” Dept.ofAstronautica,ElectricalandEnergy
ViaperMonteroni Engineering(DIAEE)
73100Lecce CentroFermi
Italy Rome
E-mail:[email protected] Italy
E-mail:[email protected]
Prof.Dr.ToshioFukushima
NationalAstronomicalObservatoryofJapan Prof.Dr.ErricosC.Pavlis
UniversityofMaryland
NAOJPublicRelationCenter
GoddardEarthScienceandTechnologyCenter
2-21-1Osawa,Mitaka-shi
Tokyo181-8588 Greenbelt,MD20771
USA
Japan
E-mail:[email protected]
E-mail:[email protected]
Prof.SirRogerPenrose
Prof.Dr.VaheG.Gurzadyan
UniversityofOxford
CenterforCosmologyandAstrophysics
MathematicalInstitute
A.I.AlikhanianNationalLaboratory
AndrewWilesBuilding
2AlikhanianBrothersStr.
RadcliffeObservatoryQuarter
0036Yerevan
WoodstockRoad
Armenia
OxfordOX26GG
E-mail:[email protected]
UnitedKingdom
E-mail:[email protected]
Prof.Dr.RichardA.Matzner
TheUniversityofTexasatAustin
Prof.Dr.PierreTeyssandier
CenterforRelativity
ParisObservatory
DepartmentofPhysics
SYRTECNRS/UMR8630,UPMC
Austin,TX78712-1081
61avenuedel’Observatoire
USA
F-75014Paris
E-mail:[email protected]
France
E-mail:[email protected]
Prof.Dr.-Ing.habil.JürgenMüller
LeibnizUniversityHannover Prof.Dr.NorbertWex
InstituteofGeodesy(IfE) MaxPlanckInstituteforRadioAstronomy
Schneiderberg50 AufdemHügel69
30167Hannover D-53121Bonn
Germany Germany
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
Listofcontributors | vii
Dr.PacômeDelva Dr.JohnC.Ries
ParisObservatory TheUniversityofTexasatAustin
SYRTECNRS,LNE,UPMC CenterforSpaceResearch
61av.del’Observatoire 3925WBrakerLn200
F-75014Paris Austin,TX78759
France USA
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.AgnesFienga Dr.Jean-LouisSimon
Côted’AzurObservatory ParisObservatory
Géoazur-CNRSUMR7329 IMCCE-CNRSUMR8028
250avenueA.Einstein 77Av.Denfert-Rochereau
06250Valbonne F-75014Paris
France France
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.RolfKönig Dr.GiampieroSindoni
HelmholtzCentrePotsdam SapienzaUniversityRome
GFZGermanResearchCentreforGeosciences SchoolofAerospaceEngineering
MuenchnerStr.20 Dept.ofAstronautica,ElectricalandEnergy
82234Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling Engineering(DIAEE)
Germany CentroFermi
E-mail:[email protected] Rome
Italy
Dr.-Ing.habil.EnricoMai E-mail:[email protected]
LeibnizUniversityHannover
InstituteofGeodesy(IfE) Dr.PeterWolf
Schneiderberg50 ParisObservatory
30167Hannover SYRTECNRS,LNE,UPMC
Germany 61av.del’Observatoire
E-mail:[email protected] F-75014Paris
France
Dr.ClaudioParis E-mail:[email protected]
SapienzaUniversityRome
SchoolofAerospaceEngineering Dipl.-Ing.LilianeBiskupek
Dept.ofAstronautica,ElectricalandEnergy LeibnizUniversityHannover
Engineering(DIAEE) InstituteofGeodesy(IfE)
CentroFermi Schneiderberg50
Rome 30167Hannover
Italy Germany
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.GérardPetit Dipl.-Ing.FranzHofmann
InternationalBureauofWeightsandMeasures LeibnizUniversityHannover
(BIPM) InstituteofGeodesy(IfE)
PavillondeBreteuil Schneiderberg50
F-92312SèvresCedex 30167Hannover
France Germany
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]

Contents
Listoffigures|xiv
Listoftables|xxiii
Preface|xxv
PierreTeyssandier
Newtoolsfordeterminingthelighttraveltimeinstatic,sphericallysymmetric
spacetimesbeyondtheorder𝐺2 |1
1 Introduction|1
2 Notationsandconventions|3
3 Generalities|4
4 Specificassumptionsonthemetricandthelightrays|6
4.1 Post-Minkowskianexpansionofthemetric|6
4.2 Timetransferfunctionforaquasi-Minkowskianlightray|7
5 FundamentalpropertiesoffunctionsT(𝑛) |9
5.1 RecurrencerelationsatisfiedbyfunctionsT(𝑛) |9
5.2 AnalyticityofthefunctionsT(𝑛) |11
6 Firstprocedure:determinationoftheT(𝑛)’sfromtherecurrencerelation
for𝑛 = 1,2,3|12
7 Secondprocedure:determinationoftheT(𝑛)’sfromthegeodesic
equations|18
7.1 Nullgeodesicequations|18
7.2 Post-Minkowskianexpansionoftheimpactparameter|19
7.3 Implementationofthemethod|20
8 Simplificationofthesecondprocedure|22
8.1 Useofaconstraintequation|23
8.2 ExplicitcalculationofT(1),T(2),andT(3)|26
9 Directionoflightpropagationuptoorder𝐺3|27
10 Lightrayemittedatinfinity|30
11 EnhancedtermsinT(1),T(2),andT(3) |32
12 ApplicationtosomeSolarSystemexperiments|34
13 Concludingremarks|35
References|36
NorbertWex
Testingrelativisticgravitywithradiopulsars|39
1 Introduction|39
1.1 Radiopulsarsandpulsartiming|41
x | Contents
1.2 Binarypulsarmotioningravitytheories|43
1.3 Gravitationalspineffectsinbinarypulsars|45
1.4 Phenomenologicalapproachtorelativisticeffectsinbinarypulsar
observations|47
2 Gravitationalwavedamping|51
2.1 TheHulse–Taylorpulsar|51
2.2 TheDoublePulsar–ThebesttestforEinstein’squadrupoleformula,
andmore|55
2.3 PSRJ1738+0333–Thebesttestforscalar–tensorgravity|59
2.4 PSRJ0348+0432–Amassivepulsarinarelativisticorbit|63
2.5 Implicationsforgravitationalwaveastronomy|67
3 Geodeticprecession|69
3.1 PSRB1534+12|70
3.2 TheDoublePulsar|71
4 Thestrongequivalenceprinciple|73
4.1 TheDamour–Schäfertest|75
4.2 Directtests|77
5 LocalLorentzinvarianceofgravity|78
5.1 Constraintson𝛼̂ frombinarypulsars|79
1
5.2 Constraintson𝛼̂ frombinaryandsolitarypulsars|80
2
5.3 Constraintson𝛼̂ frombinarypulsars|83
3
6 Localpositioninvarianceofgravity|84
7 Avaryinggravitationalconstant|85
8 Summaryandoutlook|89
References|92
JürgenMüller,LilianeBiskupek,FranzHofmann,andEnricoMai
Lunarlaserrangingandrelativity|103
1 Introduction|103
2 Model|106
2.1 Overview|107
2.2 Ephemerides|109
3 Analysis|137
3.1 SoftwarepackageLUNAR|137
3.2 Newtonianparameters|139
4 Resultsforrelativisticparameters|140
4.1 Gravitationalconstant|140
4.2 Equivalenceprinciple|141
4.3 Yukawaterm|144
4.4 Geodeticprecession|146
4.5 Metricparameter𝛽|147