Table Of ContentFoundations of Nanotechnology AAP Research Notes on
Foundations of Nanotechnology AAP Research Notes on
Volume 2: Nanoelements Formation and Interaction
Foundations of Nanotechnology AAP Research Notes on
Volume 2: Nanoelements Formation and Interaction Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
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SaeedeNhDa eRnvaoefsiletoriupcmtuernet, Nanosystems and Nanostructured Materials: Theory, Production, and ra nctionol
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ISBN: 978-1-77188-028-2
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FOUNDATIONS OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
VOLUME 2
NANOELEMENTS FORMATION
AND INTERACTION
FOUNDATIONS OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
VOLUME 2
NANOELEMENTS FORMATION
AND INTERACTION
Sabu Thomas, PhD, Saeedeh Rafiei,
Shima Maghsoodlou, and Arezo Afzali
Apple Academic Press
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ABOUT AAP RESEARCH
NOTES ON NANOSCIENCE &
NANOTECHNOLOGY
AAP Research Notes on Nanoscience & Nanotechnology reports on research de-
velopment in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology for academic institutes
and industrial sectors interested in advanced research.
Editor-in-Chief: A. K. Haghi, PhD
Associate Member of University of Ottawa, Canada;
Member of Canadian Research and Development Center of Sciences and Cultures
email: akhaghi@yahoo.com
Editorial Board:
Georges Geuskens, PhD
Professor Emeritus, Department of Chemistry and Polymers, Universite de Libre
de Brussel, Belgium
Vladimir I. Kodolov, DSc
Professor and Head, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology,
M. I. Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, Russia
Victor Manuel de Matos Lobo, PhD
Professor, Coimbra University, Coimbra, Portugal
Richard A. Pethrick, PhD, DSc
Research Professor and Professor Emeritus, Department of Pure and Applied
Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
Eli M. Pearce, PhD
Former President, American Chemical Society; Former Dean, Faculty of Science
and Art, Brooklyn Polytechnic University, New York, USA
Mathew Sebastian, MD
Senior Consultant Surgeon, Elisabethinen Hospital, Klagenfurt, Austria; Austrian
Association for Ayurveda
Charles Wilkie, PhD
Professor, Polymer and Organic Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, USA
BOOKS IN THE AAP RESEARCH
NOTES ON NANOSCIENCE
& NANOTECHNOLOGY BOOK
SERIES
Nanostructure, Nanosystems and Nanostructured Materials:
Theory, Production, and Development
Editors: P. M. Sivakumar, PhD, Vladimir I. Kodolov, DSc,
Gennady E. Zaikov, DSc, and A. K. Haghi, PhD
Nanostructures, Nanomaterials, and Nanotechnologies to Nanoindustry
Editors: Vladimir I. Kodolov, DSc, Gennady E. Zaikov, DSc, and
A. K. Haghi, PhD
Foundations of Nanotechnology:
Volume 1: Pore Size in Carbon-Based Nano-Adsorbents
A. K. Haghi, PhD, Sabu Thomas, PhD, and Moein MehdiPour MirMahaleh
Foundations of Nanotechnology:
Volume 2: Nanoelements Formation and Interaction
Sabu Thomas, PhD, Saeedeh Rafiei, Shima Maghsoodlou, and Arezo Afzali
Foundations of Nanotechnology:
Volume 3: Mechanics of Carbon Nanotubes
Saeedeh Rafiei
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Sabu Thomas, PhD
Sabu Thomas, PhD, is a Professor of Polymer Science and Engineering at
the School of Chemical Sciences and Director of the International and Inter
University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at Mahatma Gandhi
University, Kottayam, Kerala, India. He received his BSc degree (1980) in
Chemistry from the University of Kerala, BTech. (1983) in Polymer Science
and Rubber Technology from the Cochin University of Science and Technol-
ogy, and PhD (1987) in Polymer Engineering from the Indian Institute of
Technology, Kharagpur. The research activities of Professor Thomas include
surfaces and interfaces in multiphase polymer blend and composite systems,
phase separation in polymer blends, compatibilization of immiscible polymer
blends, thermoplastic elastomers, phase transitions in polymers, nanostruc-
tured polymer blends, macro-, micro- and nanocomposites, polymer rheology,
recycling, reactive extrusion, processing–morphology–property relationships
in multiphase polymer systems, double networking of elastomers, natural fi-
bers and green composites, rubber vulcanization, interpenetrating polymer
networks, diffusion and transport and polymer scaffolds for tissue engineer-
ing. He has supervised 65 PhD theses, 30 MPhil theses, and 40 Masters theses.
He has three patents to his credit. He also received the coveted Sukumar Mai-
thy Award for the best polymer researcher in the country for the year 2008.
Very recently Professor Thomas received the MRSI and CRSI medals for his
excellent work. With over 600 publications to his credit and over 17,500 cita-
tions, with an h-index of 67, Dr. Thomas has been ranked fifth in India as one
of the most productive scientists.
Saeedeh Rafiei
Saeedeh Rafiei is a professional textile engineer and a Research Fellow at
Technopark, Kerala, India's first technology park and among the three largest
IT parks in India today. Saeed Rafiei earned a BSc in Textile Engineering, an
MSc on Textile Engineering, and has published several papers in journals and
conferences.
viii About the Authors
Shima Maghsoodlou
Shima Maghsoodlou is a professional textile engineer and a Research Fel-
low at Technopark, Kerala, India's first technology park and among the three
largest IT parks in India today. Shima Maghsoodlou received a BSc in Textile
Engineering, an MSc in Textile Engineering, and has published several papers
in journals and conferences.
Arezoo Afzali
Arezoo Afzali is a professional textile engineer and a Research Fellow at
Technopark, Kerala, India's first technology park and among the three largest
IT parks in India today. She has a BSc in Textile Engineering, an MSc in Tex-
tile Engineering, and published several papers in journals and conferences.
CONTENTS
List of Abbreviations ...................................................................................xi
List of Symbols ..........................................................................................xiii
Preface ......................................................................................................xvii
1. Nanoscale Science and Technology: An Overview ......................................1
2. Nanoelement Manufacturing: Self-Assembly ............................................33
3. Nanomaterials: Properties and Application ................................................55
4. Modeling and Simulation .........................................................................101
5. Molecular Simulation for Nanomaterials .................................................131
6. Numerical Simulation of Nanoelements ..................................................167
7. Numerical Study of Axial and Coaxial Electrospinning Process .............197
