Forging New Frontiers: Fuzzy Pioneers I

461 Pages·2007·10.221 MB·English

by  Lotfi A. Zadeh (auth.), Masoud Nikravesh, Janusz Kacprzyk, Lofti A. Zadeh (eds.)

Forging New Frontiers: Fuzzy Pioneers I
Studiesin Fuzziness andSoft Computing,Volume217
Editor-in-chief
Prof.JanuszKacprzyk
SystemsResearchInstitute
PolishAcademyofSciences
ul.Newelska6
01-447Warsaw
Poland
E-mail:[email protected]
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· ·
Masoud Nikravesh Janusz Kacprzyk
Lofti A. Zadeh
Editors
Forging New Frontiers:
Fuzzy Pioneers I
With200Figuresand52Tables
MasoudNikravesh JanuszKacprzyk
UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley PANWarszawa
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering SystemsResearchInstitute
andComputerScience-EECS Newelska6
Berkeley 94720 01-447Warszawa
USA Poland
[email protected] [email protected]
LoftiA.Zadeh
UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering
andComputerScience(EECS)
SodaHall729
Berkeley 94720-1776
USA
[email protected]
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2007930457
ISSNprintedition:1434-9922
ISSNelectronicedition:1860-0808
ISBN 978-3-540-73181-8 SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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To FuzzyCommunity
Preface
The 2005 BISC International Special Event-BISCSE’05 “FORGING THE
FRONTIERS”washeldintheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,“WHEREFUZZY
LOGICBEGAN,fromNovember3–6,2005.Thesuccessfulapplicationsoffuzzy
logicandit’srapidgrowthsuggestthattheimpactoffuzzylogicwillbefeltincreas-
ingly in coming years. Fuzzy logic is likely to play an especially important role
in science and engineering, but eventually its influence may extend much farther.
In many ways, fuzzy logic represents a significant paradigm shift in the aims of
computing-ashiftwhichreflectsthefactthatthehumanmind,unlikepresentday
computers,possessesaremarkableabilitytostoreandprocessinformationwhichis
pervasivelyimprecise,uncertainandlackingincategoricity.
TheBISCPrograminvitedpioneers,themostprominentcontributors,researchers,
and executives from around the world who are interested in forging the frontiers
by the use of fuzzy logic and soft computing methods to create the information
backboneforglobalenterprises.Thisspecialeventprovidedauniqueandexcellent
opportunityfortheacademic,industryleadersandcorporatecommunitiestoaddress
newchallenges,sharesolutions,anddiscussresearchdirectionsforthefuturewith
enormouspotentialforthefutureoftheGlobalEconomy.
During this event, over 300 hundredresearchersand executiveswere attended.
Theywerepresentedtheirmostrecentworks,theiroriginalcontribution,andhistor-
icaltrendsof thefield. Inaddition,fourhighlevelpanelsorganizedtodiscussthe
issuesrelatedtothefield,trends,past,presentandfutureofthefield.
Panel one was organized and moderated by Janusz Kacprzyk and Vesa A.
Niskanen,“SOFTCOMPUTING:PAST,PRESENT,FUTURE(GLOBALISSUE)”.
The Panelists were Janusz Kacprzyk, Vesa A. Niskanen, Didier Dubois, Masoud
Nikravesh, Hannu Nurmi, Rudi Seising, Richard Tong, Enric Trillas, and Junzo
Watada. The panel discussed general issues such as role of SC in social and be-
havioralsciences,medicin,economicsandphilosophy(esp.philosophyofscience,
methodology,andethics).Panelalsoconsideredaspectsofdecisionmaking,democ-
racyandvotingaswellasmanufacturing,industrialandbusinessaspects.
Second Panel was organized and moderated by Elie Sanchez and Masoud
Nikravesh, “FLINT AND SEMANTIC WEB”. The Panelists were C. Carlsson,
N. Kasabov, T. Martin, M. Nikravesh, E. Sanchez, A. Sheth, R. R. Yager and
L.A. Zadeh. The Organizers think that, it is exciting time in the fields of Fuzzy
LogicandInternet(FLINT)andtheSemanticWeb.Thepaneldiscussionaddedto
VII
VIII Preface
theexcitement,asitdidfocusonthegrowingconnectionsbetweenthesetwofields.
Mostoftoday’sWebcontentissuitableforhumanconsumption.TheSemanticWeb
ispresentedasanextensionofthecurrentwebinwhichinformationisgivenwell-
definedmeaning,betterenablingcomputersandpeopletoworkincooperation.But
while the vision of the Semantic Web and associated research attracts attention,
as long as bivalent-based logical methods will be used, little progress can be ex-
pectedinhandlingill-structured,uncertainorimpreciseinformationencounteredin
realworldknowledge.Duringrecentyears,importantinitiativeshaveledtoreports
of connections between Fuzzy Logic and the Internet (FLINT). FLINT meetings
(“FuzzyLogicandtheInternet”)havebeenorganizedbyBISC(“BerkeleyInitiative
inSoftComputing”).Meanwhile,scatteredpaperswerepublishedonFuzzyLogic
and the Semantic Web. Special sessions and workshops were organized, showing
the positive role Fuzzy Logic could play in the development of the Internet and
SemanticWeb,fillingagapandfacinganewchallenge.FuzzyLogicfieldhasbeen
maturing for forty years. These years have witnessed a tremendousgrowth in the
numberandvarietyofapplications,withareal-worldimpactacrossawidevariety
of domains with humanlike behavior and reasoning. And we believe that in the
comingyears,theFLINTandSemanticWebwillbemajorfieldsofapplicationsof
FuzzyLogic.Thispanelsessiondiscussedconcepts,models,techniquesandexam-
plesexhibitingtheusefulness,andthenecessity,ofusingFuzzyLogicandInternet
and Semantic Web. In fact, the question is not really a matter of necessity, but to
recognizewhere,andhow,itisnecessary.
Third Panel was organized and moderated by Patrick Bosc and Masoud
Nikravesh. The Panelist were P. Bosc, R. de Caluwe, D. Kraft, M. Nikravesh,
F. Petry, G. de Tré, Raghu Krishnapuram, and Gabriella Pasi, FUZZY SETS
IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS. Fuzzy sets approaches have been applied in the
databaseandinformationretrievalareasformorethanthirtyyears.Acertaindegree
ofmaturityhasbeenreachedin termsofuseoffuzzysetstechniquesinrelational
databases,object-orienteddatabases,informationretrievalsystems, geographicin-
formation systems and the systems dealing with the huge quantity of information
available through the Web. Panel discussed issues related to research works in-
cludingdatabasedesign,flexiblequerying,imprecisedatabasemanagement,digital
librariesorwebretrievalhavebeenundertakenandtheirmajoroutputswillbeem-
phasized.Ontheotherhand,aspectsthatseemtobepromisingforfurtherresearch
hasbeenidentified.
The forth panel was organized and moderated by L. A. Zadeh and Masoud
Nikravesh, A GLIMPSE INTO THE FUTURE. Panelists were Janusz Kacprzyk,
K. Hirota, Masoud Nikravesh, Henri Prade, Enric Trillas, Burhan Turksen, and
Lotfi A. Zadeh. Predicting the future of fuzzy logic is difficult if fuzzy logic is
interpretedin its wide sense, thatis, a theoryin which everythingis or is allowed
to be a matter of degree. But what is certain is that as we move further into the
ageofmachineintelligenceandmechanizeddecision-making,boththeoreticaland
appliedaspectsoffuzzylogicwillgaininvisibilityandimportance.Whatwillstand
outistheuniquecapabilityoffuzzylogictoserveasabasisforreasoningandcom-
putation with information described in natural language. No other theory has this
capability.
Preface IX
Thechaptersofthebookare evolvedfrompresentationsmadebyselected par-
ticipantatthemeetingandorganizedintwobooks.Thepapersincludereportfrom
thedifferentfrontofsoftcomputinginvariousindustriesandaddresstheproblems
ofdifferentfieldsofresearchinfuzzylogic,fuzzysetandsoftcomputing.Thebook
providesacollectionoffortytwo(42)articlesintwovolumes.
Wewouldliketotakethisopportunitytothanksallthecontributorsandreviewers
ofthearticles.Wealsowishtoacknowledgeourcolleagueswhohavecontributedto
theareadirectlyandindirectlytothecontentofthisbook.Finally,wegratefullyac-
knowledgeBT,OMRON,Chevron,ONR,andEECSDepartment,CITRISprogram,
BISCassociatemembers,forthefinancialandtechnicalsupportandspecially,Prof.
ShankarSastry—CITRISDirectorandformerEECSChair,forhisspecialsupport
forthisevent,whichmadethemeetingandpublicationandpreparationofthebook
possible.
November29,2006 MasoudNikravesh,LotfiA.Zadeh,
Berkeley,California andJanuszKacprzyk
USA BerkeleyInitiativeinSoftComputing(BISC)
UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley
Contents
WebIntelligence,WorldKnowledgeandFuzzyLogic
LotfiA.Zadeh................................................... 1
TowardsHumanConsistentLinguisticSummarizationofTimeSeries
viaComputingwithWordsandPerceptions
JanuszKacprzyk,AnnaWilbikandSławomirZadroz˙ny.................. 17
EvolutionofFuzzyLogic:FromIntelligentSystemsandComputation
toHumanMind
MasoudNikravesh ............................................... 37
PioneersofVagueness,Haziness,andFuzzinessinthe20thCentury1
RudolfSeising .................................................. 55
SelectedResultsoftheGlobalSurveyonResearch,Instructionand
DevelopmentWorkwithFuzzySystems
VesaA.Niskanen ................................................ 83
FuzzyModelsandInterpolation
LászlóT.Kóczy,JánosBotzheimandTamásD.Gedeon ................. 111
ComputingwithAntonyms
E.Trillas,C.Moraga,S.Guadarrama,S.Cubillo,E.Castiñeira............ 133
MorphicComputing:ConceptandFoundation
GermanoResconiandMasoudNikravesh ............................. 155
A Nonlinear Functional Analytic Framework for Modeling and
ProcessingFuzzySets
RuiJ.P.deFigueiredo ............................................ 171
Concept-BasedSearchandQuestionnaireSystems
MasoudNikravesh ............................................... 193
TowardsPerceptionBasedTimeSeriesDataMining
IldarZ.BatyrshinandLeonidSheremetov ............................ 217
XII Contents
VeristicVariablesandApproximateReasoningforIntelligentSemantic
WebSystems
RonaldR.Yager ................................................. 231
UncertaintyinComputationalPerceptionandCognition
AshuM.G.SoloandMadanM.Gupta ............................... 251
ComputationalIntelligenceforGeosciencesandOilExploration
MasoudNikravesh ............................................... 267
HierarchicalFuzzyClassificationofRemoteSensingData
YanWang,MoJamshidi,PaulNeville,ChandraBalesandStanMorain ..... 333
Real World Applications of a Fuzzy Decision Model Based on
RelationshipsbetweenGoals(DMRG)
RudolfFelix .................................................... 351
ApplyingFuzzyDecisionandFuzzySimilarityinAgriculturalSciences
MariusCalinandConstantinLeonte ................................. 369
SoftComputingintheChemicalIndustry:CurrentStateoftheArtand
FutureTrends
ArthurKordon................................................... 397
IdentifyingAggregationWeightsofDecisionCriteria:Applicationof
FuzzySystemstoWoodProductManufacturing
OzgeUncu,EmanElghoneimy,WilliamA.Gruver,DilipBKotak
andMartinFleetwood............................................ 415
Onthe Emergence ofFuzzyLogicsfromElementaryPercepts:the
ChecklistParadigmandtheTheoryofPerceptions
LadislavJ.KohoutandEunjinKim .................................. 437