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Fluids & electrolytes : a 2-in-1 reference for nurses PDF

324 Pages·2006·41.876 MB·English
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Preview Fluids & electrolytes : a 2-in-1 reference for nurses

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22cd(cid:209)1320299’3.616 ISBN 1-58255-425-0 (alk.paper) 2004028215 4250 FM.qxd 1/19/05 6:00 AM Page v Contents ontCrbutioras ncd onsultants vii derowroF xi ratP eno (cid:1) Balancinbg asics 1 1 eFcnalabd iul 2 2 Eolyectlret ebalanc 17 3 ecnalabe sab-dicA 29 raowtt P (cid:1) secnalabmI 41 4 seFcnalabmid iul 42 5 esSoimbalancdium 68 6 secnalabmim uissatoP 85 7 sgaecMnalabmim uisen 102 8 secnalabmim uiclaC 121 9 secnalabmis uorohpsohP 138 10 sreolhCcnalabmie di 153 11 secnalabmie sab-dicA 164 ratP eet hr (cid:1) secnalabmig nisuacs redrosiD 193 12 semoerdnyst aH 194 13 eraeHruliaft 204 14 riprsoetaReruliafy 215 15 evissecxE sessold iu(cid:223)I G 223 v 4250 FM.qxd 1/19/05 6:00 AM Page vi iv CONTENTS 16 eruliafl aneR 231 17 ruBsn 243 ratP ruof (cid:1) etartnemT 259 18 .V.Irehtt nemeypacalperd iu(cid:223) 260 19 rteurnl atnerapl atotinoiT 274 20 olBoostcurpd d 282 ommo(cid:223)n uiad ned lectolyCie mbalanceips n ediarttripc ateints 296 tceled nad iu(cid:223)n ommoylobmie rtC alanceis en lderpy atleints 297 eeSelectfneecrd res 298 ndexI 300 4250 FM.qxd 1/19/05 6:00 AM Page vii Contributors and consultants rehCy.Ll ,ryBda ,NRNSM .oDn Shar,elleyK(cid:213)O ,NR,NDAONC acultFjunct dyA IIIe sruNl acinilC tisreyvinUe tatSt neK ekuD latipsotisreHy vinU repool,vEasLt iOhio Durham,N.C. erahSg,noRi mmaCa ni ,NR,NSM rehSr.Ay ,raretnemP ,DRDL NRCC ClinicaDl ietitian tefaS& t nemeganayMk siRl acinilC retneCl eacidMd le(cid:222)riaF essociatAe rueillancSv ,retsacnaLoihO ,.oC& k creM.cnI ,tnioPt seW.aP ybbA bmalP ,kce ,NRNSB rretiWe cnaleerF neelH ,uF ,NR,NSMPNF eekuawliM rrenoititcaPe sruNy limaF retneCh tlaeHy limraeFa itoS ,onavluPa serehT ,NRNSB ylP,htuom.nniM nstorrrusinIg cutracticaNl P lacinhecoTl anoitacVtnuoCn aey cO rageMt .MarGingr,hci ,NRNSM hoolSc rosseforPe taicossA ,tsruhekaL.J.N tinummoyCa erA) .ararHP(g rubsi loeleCg ra,zeNa cvinrimaRz eaoM ,NRNSM nstorrIcut .vDaiJd raHtman, ,NR,NSMNRCC tisrefoy vinUdroWe racntanIe ht rcattriePe nsoiruN fol oohcShtlaeH& g nisruN tisrefoy vinUhtlaeHa vinalysnneP snoisseforP metsyS ,niootnASan x.eT a ihpledalihP el,iskittetaWricia P ,NR,NSM,NRPA wraDanMa th,ic ,NRNSM ,CBNNC rreniaTl acinilC rr enoititcaPe srurramiPNe raCy syawhtlaeremAHn aci latipsotsinimdrHn oitaAres naetV grubsttiPh incinna ti C relagiMe ittan,iV ,NRNSB esruNl acinilCr alucsavoidraC tisrefoy vinUelacidMa vinalysnneP retneC aihpledalihP iiv 4250 FM.qxd 1/19/05 6:00 AM Page viii 4250 FM.qxd 1/19/05 6:00 AM Page ix erodrowF T sisatsoemohr ofs etsy llaurvnitnoicy dobn amuhe h(cid:209)foe tatse ht -cnalabx elpmoguoce hth erhtd eihrbiliuqevcae by lnon act ahtm ui fog niylotceled nas d.isue(cid:223)s rt(cid:213)ydobe ht,elpoepy htlaehn Irutana s ylla(cid:213)ti curocring,ess.ocegulatinpg relsf-r,reevwoHipn eoplwe hitsh uc d isor- raehs as red,eruliaft ,recnacy,msidiyorephd narhteihvcasisatsoemohg ni tue h.ts eetilauqn it somerracit unqeitapy lahrt ahte gnelcg nitnuada s i nI res iht foa ,srwallode dd nas tsorach tlaehg nildnice rrach tlaehg nisi -llas ihtn iatniams tneitapg niplvey hln biie dleorcnin ay rl atialps esrun ropmirbiliuqet nat.muistrsinimdal aotipsohm rotarfd namede hth tiW ot otd nas noissimday aled ,egrahcsidy lraee tomorp ssessopt sums esrun repus.sllikst nemssessat neitapr oi,secnatsnie mosn Ienoitctedy lraee ht fos(cid:213)tneitapa n is egnahce ltbus tneevrpy ame yloceled nad iuc(cid:223) naltabe rt ,noissimdae race tucay ltsoca ,ytoratsl atipsohd earpa ctdegnolorpd na reffust neitapgni.,reevwoH,ecnadiugr epowrpt uohti-(cid:222)fidt id n(cid:222)s esrun otcult subject.oublesome tthis about nfusion orctheir dispel rsueseencfe oNr ferFluiEd& ls ect2A -in-R1 olyes: rt -ots tsissay ltaegr ots esruns (cid:213)yad .reguog(cid:222) cnur iehth rhtt htniatylanoitpecxen as it xets ihT ecruoser foe suacebs esrund ehsilbeatses al lws as tnedutsg nisrunr of sti ron fmulo.tamc-owe tuqinus(cid:213)kooe bhT eras nniatnovrn cimtualor cenn i ,vraoelcs edirpt ahtt xetrcsedh tped-nifos noitpigoloisyyhpc isabe ht fo ,diu(cid:223)ylocelet,ertevisneherpmoecs al lws as isatsoemohe sab-dicad na fos noissucsidgoloisyyhpohtape ht .seylrednu cnalabmig ninI ,noitidda ain detailed e sigwed ares syand ns associatms oimbalancthese ith mpt ,raelc.rennae msicnocs(cid:213)kooe bhT -mut scniccus stnesern pmulor cetu o oted elatmarrpoints ed buland ies etl adjoiningthe on ed locatxt etthe .ere vrd ipatatilicafo weite gap e-yvr-dna-daerofw eirg nitadommnat amoccan ah cusd n(cid:222)t (cid:213)nowu oY e.rwhe px-rrebmucs ihts eegroey s liehTzinagisedy ltvceffeo slak oobd enti onstrs.epd arerell-cctuhaptwo tas ncd piic ntosomte arot ne,PBalancing ,scisabfos cisabe hts tneserp,diu(cid:223)ylocelet,ert.ecnalabe sab-dicad naratP xi 4250 FM.qxd 1/19/05 6:00 AM Page x x FOREWORD ,owt,secnalabmIos tretpahc c(cid:222)iceps setoedv fg onidnatsredne uh tehl tla ydoba t ahts eyloceled nad iu(cid:223)t necnalatbmie rtreffid px.ereen ac cneiratP ,eerht,secnalabmig nisuacs redDrosi,semordnyst aehs esserddaraeht ,eruliafroripseta,erruliafy evissecxe ,sessold iu(cid:223)I G ,eruliafl anerdna rub.snratP ,ruo ftae,tnemr.T,V.n Is oesucofreyht tnemepacalped riu(cid:223)-ot truernl atne,noitirapl at.rehtyt nenopmopacd oolbd na rsueseencfe oNr ferFluiEd& ls ect2A -in-R1 olyes: rt ias lsdo istinguished yb tsullid nas elbatl ufpleh rrbp leht ahts noitaralcg nitioty dnas tpecnoc yb git hahs tnogilhcg inihropmct ihtac-erofnt i enat.noitamy Danger rcr os noitidno.snoitautisl aciticg ninegihtaelaitngilhrhte-efily ltops th solCkoolr e ar ofm gsoilnoaihsycemc ircsedylrednue hts ebihpohtapg ni .noitidnor ce opscnalabmc i(cid:222)ice Chartincg hecklist otn oitnelacttas l v lati rehtoy -rewvamu ooe siyt ahts erudecorpd rnpn as oeitatnemucodcacit look. elae grtA ecneu(cid:223)niy amt ahts egnahcn apse fils e(cid:222)itnedi dnad iu(cid:223) .eylocelectnalabe rt,noitiddan Iotd etacideds ecidneppa diu(cid:223)n ommoc pn is eyloetaidceled nax-cnartlabmie rey lnot ons tneitapy lredlted nac i foe pocse htd nap,koobs ihtrce hte -reffidl atcaiuttineccay lraelco slat ub ,diu(cid:223)e htn is ecneylocelet,ertfot nemssessad nas utatse sab-dicad na-ap fos tneitravy.segag ni nI fe orofree ph tcnam,gihtilauh qy,erat cneitac pitsilohtsus mesrun ,tneic(cid:222)orpy llaicepsee bvgi,tnali.elbaegdelwonkd nastneitapl liy letucA tnemssessal uferace eriuqrfd nagnittese gars rach tlaehl lan is tneitape li rofog tniinomd na,sdiu(cid:223)r iehtylocele,tsert.ecnalabe sab-dicad na sdiulF rsueseencfe oNr ferE& lect2A -in-R1 olyes: rt ecruosere lbaulavnin as i rof .evracos ihtg nidirps esrunl las(cid:213)tI rapa fot ym ecnerefer ,rbil rayId na raps emofot cebt it ahte poh.sruoy R.amela PCangelosi, NR , P h D fsseororPt natsissA tisrey vinUn osaMe groeG foe gelloCecneicSh tlaeHd nag nisruN airfax,F.aV

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