First Aid—Responding to Emergencies

532 Pages·2010·55.12 MB·English

PARTICIPANT’S MANUAL
First Aid—Responding to Emergencies
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Trained. Empowered.Prepared.
Become an American Red Cross Instructor…
And Help Save Lives!
It doesn’t take much.A little time.A little caring.A BIG reward.
Your time.Your knowledge.Your experience.
These gifts can help save thousands of lives.How? Each year,the American Red Cross teaches
lifesaving skills to nearly 12 million people.But we can’t do it alone.Reaching this many people is
only possible through the help of people like you.People who care about the safety and lives of
others,and are willing to devote a little bit of their time to help us make the world a safer place.
Do You Have What It Takes?
We’ll help you build and refine all the skills you need.The American Red Cross offers flexible
scheduling and a chance to make a real difference.Work with America’s most trusted health and
safety training provider and show your community that you care.
For more information,contact your local American Red Cross
chapter,visit www.redcross.org or call [phone].
FIRST AID
—
Responding to
Emergencies

FIRST AID
—
Responding to
Emergencies
Important certification information
American Red Cross certificates may be issued upon successful completion of a
training program, which uses this textbook as an integral part of the course.
By itself, the text material does not constitute comprehensive Red Cross training.
In order to issue American Red Cross certificates, your instructor must be autho-
rized by the American Red Cross, and must follow prescribed policies and proce-
dures. Make certain that you have attended a course authorized by the Red Cross.
Ask your instructor about receiving American Red Cross certification, or contact
your local chapter for more information.
Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross. Revised edition 2007.
This participant’s textbook is an integral part of the American Red Cross
First Aid—Responding to Emergencies course. By itself, it does not
constitute complete and comprehensive training for first aid. Please contact
your Red Cross chapter for further information on this course.
The emergency care procedures outlined in this book reflect the standard
of knowledge and accepted emergency practices in the United States at the
time this book was published. It is the reader’s responsibility to stay informed
of changes in emergency care procedures.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written
permission from American Red Cross National Headquarters, Products and
Health and Safety Services.
The updates to this program are based on the 2005 Consensus on Science
for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) and meet the 2005
Guidelines for First Aid.
Printed in the United States of America
Composition by Graphic World
Printing/Binding by Banta Book Group
StayWell
780 Township Line Rd.
Yardley, PA 19067
Library of Congress cataloged the 4th edition as follows:
American Red Cross first aid : responding to emergencies.— 4th ed.
p. ; cm.
ISBN 978-1-58480-400-0
1. First aid in illness and injury. 2. Medical emergencies.
[DNLM: 1. Emergencies—Programmed Instruction.
2. First Aid—Programmed Instruction. WA 18.2 A512 2005]
I. American Red Cross. II. American Red Cross first aid.
RC86.7.A477 2005
616.02'52—dc22
2005002263
10 / 9 8 7 6 5 4
Preface
This text is dedicated to the thousands of employees and volunteers of the
American Red Cross who contribute their time and talent to supporting and
teaching life-saving skills worldwide. And to the thousands of course partici-
pants and other readers who have decided to be prepared to take action
when an emergency strikes.
This Fourth Edition of the First Aid—Responding To Emergencies text
has been updated with the latest science for First Aid, CPR and Emergency
Cardiovascular Care (ECC 2005), and includes automated external defibrilla-
tion (AED) information and skills. The design has been significantly updated
with a new format for skill sheets, key terms, sidebars and more. Skill sheets
all now feature photos. Key content areas include a new Chapter 3, Before
Giving Care, and Child and Adult AED content and skills being added to
Chapter 7.
This text is part of an integral training program with certification avail-
able from your local American Red Cross chapter. CPR and AED certifica-
tions are valid for 1 year while first aid certification is valid for 3 years.
Contact your local American Red Cross at www.redcross.org for more
information on how you can receive American Red Cross life-saving
certification.
For more information about Red Cross training and services, visit
www.redcross.org. For ordering information contact your local American
Red Cross chapter or visit www.shopstaywell.com.

Acknowledgments
This textbook is the fourth edition of American Red Cross First Aid—
Responding to Emergencies. We have endeavored to improve and polish this
text and course, which continue to meet the 2005 Consensus on Science for
CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) and meet 2005 Guidelines
for First Aid. Many individuals shared in the development and revision
process in various supportive, technical and creative ways. Each edition
could not have been developed without the dedication and support of
employees and volunteers.
Fourth Edition—Pat Bonifer, Director; Mike Espino and Emilie Sparks
Parker, Project Managers; John Beales, Ted T. Crites, CHES, Greg Stockton,
Managers; C.P. Dail, Marc Madden and Connie Harvey, Senior Associates;
Idabel Daly, Nancy J. Edmonds, Adreania McMillian, Mark Schraf and
Stephan Widell, NREMT-P, Associates; Greta Petrilla, Marketing Manager;
and Rhadames Avila and Betty Butler, Administrative Assistants.
The StayWell team for this fourth edition included: Nancy Monahan,
Senior Vice President; Bill Winneberger, Senior Director of Manufacturing;
Reed Klanderud, Marketing Director; Paula Batt, Sales Director; Shannon
Bates, Managing Editor; Pam Billings, Product Manager; Carolyn Lemanski,
Education Specialist/Higher Education; Jo Ann Emenecker, Editorial Project
Manager; Bryan D. Elrod, Senior Developmental Editor; Louise Quinn,
Publishing Coordinator; Stephanie Weidel, Senior Production Editor.
The American Red Cross and StayWell extend special thanks to Casey
Berg, Katherine George and Vincent Knows.
Members of the American Red Cross Advisory Council on First Aid and Safety (ACFAS) also provided
guidance and review—
Donald J. Gordon, PH.D., M.D. James A. Judge II, EMT-P, CEM
Professor and Chairman, DEMT Executive Director, Lake-Sumter EMS, Inc.
University of Texas Health Science Center at Committee Member, Advisory Council on First
San Antonio Aid and Safety (ACFAS)
Chair, Advisory Council on First Aid and Safety Mount Dora, Florida
(ACFAS)
San Antonio, Texas
viii Acknowledgments
The American Red Cross thanks the following individuals for their reviews of this text or previous editions:
Stuart A. Balter, ATC, EMT-D Lisa Anne Johnson, EMT-P
Hudson Valley Community College Illinois State University
Dayna S. Brown Constance S. LaBarbera, B.S., M.S., Ed.S., Ed.D.
Morehead State University Bossier Parish Community College
Kathleen C. Brown, MPH, BSN, CHES Louise Feasel Lindenmeyer
University of Tennessee Shoreline Community College
Les Chatelain Nancy S. Maylath, HSD
University of Utah University of Toledo
Verallyn M. Cline Carol G. McKenzie, PhD
University of Wisconsin California State University
Raymond A. Cranston Tim McQuade, NYS EMT-P
Farmington Hills Police Department Erie Community College
Susan T. Dempf, PhD Marshall J. Meyer
Canisius College American Red Cross Oregon Trail Chapter
Dean W. Dimke Anthony Museulino
American Red Cross West Ontario County Chapter
Ann E. Graziadei Sean E. Page, MSN, CRNP, APRN-BC, CSN
Gallaudet University American Red Cross York County Chapter
Arthur L. Grist, Sr. Deborah Radi
University of Southern Illinois at Edwardsville American Red Cross Greater Minneapolis Area
Chapter
Susan J. Grosse
Milwaukee High School of the Arts Catherine E. Rossilli
Westmont College
Kristen M. Haydon
American Red Cross Dallas Area Chapter Tom Schmitz, NREMT
American Red Cross Greater Minneapolis
Joyce Holbrook Huner Area Chapter
Macomb Community College
Barbara Ann Smink, RN, BSN
Laird Hayes, EdD Boerne High School
American Red Cross Orange County Chapter
Kemberley D. Wright
Richard C. Hunt, MD, FACEP American Red Cross Rockingham County Chapter
East Carolina University