Fire Safety Management Handbook, Third Edition

270 Pages·2014·7.09 MB·English

Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety D Fire Safety
e
l
l
a
-
G
Safety managers today are required to go beyond compliance with the latest fire
iu
codes to implement proactive fire safety management programs that improve s
t
profitability. By reducing property loss insurance premiums and fostering an in Management
a
efficient work environment to help realize quality gains, safety managers can add
to the bottom line; however, they need a solid understanding of the duties and F
responsibilities for which they are accountable.
i
r
Handbook
e
The Fire Safety Management Handbook is every safety manager’s must-have

guide for developing a successful fire safety management program. Emphasizing S
proactive fire safety activities that achieve optimal results, the text presents the key a
elements that comprise an effective fire safety management program, including a f
e
basic knowledge of:
t Third Edition
• Types and functions of fire control equipment y

• Identification and control of hazardous materials M
• Homeland security during disasters and emergencies
a
• Fire chemistry, building construction, and efforts to reduce losses
n
due to fire
a
• Commonly installed fire detection systems and their maintenance g
and inspection e
m
• National Fire Codes (NFPA) and federal, state, and local legislation
and enforcement
e
• Available resources, fire safety organizations, and the United States n
Fire Administration (USFA) t

H
To provide current and future safety professionals with a better understanding
of emergency management within the fire safety discipline, each chapter of the
a
Third Edition includes learning objectives at the beginning and questions at the
n
end. Case studies have been added, codes and standards have been updated, and
d
a new chapter on emergency response planning has been included. Plus, a school
b
fire safety plan that can be used as a template is now part of the appendices.
o
o
k
E
K22233 T
d
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW ih
S7u1i1te T 3h0ir0d, ABvoecnau Rea ton, FL 33487 ISBN: 978-1-4822-92010202-00 tioird Daniel E. Della-Giustina, Ph.D.
New York, NY 10017 n
an informa business
2 Park Square, Milton Park
www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK
9 781482 221220
w w w. c r c p r e s s . c o m
K22233 cvr mech.indd 1 12/17/13 11:46 AM
Fire Safety
Management
Handbook
Third Edition

Fire Safety
Management
Handbook
Third Edition
Daniel E. Della-Giustina, Ph.D.
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20130820
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-2123-7 (eBook - PDF)
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable
efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot
assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and
publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication
and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any
copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any
future reprint.
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced,
transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information stor-
age or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copy-
right.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222
Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that pro-
vides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a pho-
tocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged.
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
This book is dedicated to my three wonderful sons—
Daniel, John, and David—and to my lovely wife Janet;
and to all the fire fighters who lost their lives at the
World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
© 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................xvii
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................xxiii
About the Author ...................................................................................................xxv
Chapter 1 Major Organizations in the Field of Fire Safety ..................................1
National Fire Protection Association ...................................................1
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. ...........................................................3
UL Standards/American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ............4
Insurance Companies ...........................................................................4
Factory Mutual .....................................................................................5
Industrial Risk Insurers ........................................................................5
National Fire Academy ........................................................................5
National Fire Academy Curriculum .....................................................7
Government Agencies ..........................................................................8
Study Guide Questions .........................................................................8
Bibliography .........................................................................................8
Chapter 2 Fire Chemistry ...................................................................................11
Introduction ........................................................................................11
Definition of Fire ................................................................................11
Fire Triangle .......................................................................................11
Fuel ................................................................................................12
Oxygen ...........................................................................................13
Heat ................................................................................................13
Fire Tetrahedron .................................................................................14
Classes of Fire ....................................................................................15
Three Stages of Fire ...........................................................................16
Incipient Stage ...............................................................................16
Free-Burning Stage .......................................................................17
Smoldering Stage ...........................................................................17
Study Guide Questions .......................................................................17
Case Studies .......................................................................................18
Bibliography .......................................................................................18
Chapter 3 Essential Elements ..............................................................................19
Fire Safety Concepts ..........................................................................19
Action Plan for Developing a Program ..............................................19
Program Goals ...................................................................................21
vii
© 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
viii Contents
Program Elements ..............................................................................21
System Evaluation ..............................................................................23
Recommendations .........................................................................23
Program Guidelines............................................................................25
Fire Brigade ........................................................................................26
Industrial Fire Brigade Member Professional
Qualifications—2012 Standard .....................................................28
Emergency Planning ..........................................................................29
Plant Self-Inspection ..........................................................................30
Cutting and Welding ..........................................................................31
Hazards When Welding .....................................................................32
Regulating Smoking Areas ................................................................32
Study Guide Questions .......................................................................35
Case Studies .......................................................................................36
Bibliography .......................................................................................36
Chapter 4 Identification and Control of Materials Considered Hazardous .........37
Identification of Hazardous Materials ................................................37
Hazard Analysis/Causal Investigation ...............................................43
NFPA 704 ......................................................................................44
Health Hazards Are Indicated in the Left Square,
Color-Coded Blue .....................................................................44
Flammability Hazards Are Indicated in the Top Square,
Color-Coded Red ......................................................................44
Reactivity (Stability) Hazards Are Indicated in the
Right Square, Color-Coded Yellow ..........................................44
Special Information Is Indicated in the Bottom Square,
Color-Coded White ...................................................................45
Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) .............................................................45
Global Safety and Health Administration ..........................................47
Emergency Response Mutual Aid Network .......................................47
Isolation of Hazards ...........................................................................48
Ignition Sources ..................................................................................51
Flash Point and Ignition Points ..........................................................52
Ignition Temperatures ........................................................................52
Static Electricity .................................................................................53
Gases ..................................................................................................53
Vapor Density ................................................................................53
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) ....................................................53
Acetylene .......................................................................................55
Oxygen ...........................................................................................55
Monthly Safety Inspection Report for Compressed Gas Cylinders ...56
The Use of Chemicals ........................................................................56
Combustible Chemicals .................................................................57
Oxidizing Chemicals .....................................................................57
© 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Contents ix
Air-Reactive and Water-Reactive Chemicals ................................57
Unstable Chemicals .......................................................................57
Explosives and Blasting Agents .........................................................58
Corrosives ...........................................................................................59
Toxic Chemicals .................................................................................59
Halogens and Halogenated Hydrocarbons .........................................60
Radioactive Chemicals .......................................................................60
Determination of Hazards ..................................................................61
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) .............................63
Other Areas of Subpart L—Fire Protection ..................................63
Combustible Dust ...............................................................................64
NFPA (Numbers) Publications Relevant to Combustible Dust
Hazard Controls .............................................................................65
Inspections .....................................................................................65
Combustible Solids .............................................................................65
Combustible Metals ............................................................................66
Plastics ................................................................................................67
Sources of Additional Information .....................................................68
Study Guide Questions .......................................................................68
Bibliography .......................................................................................69
Chapter 5 Building Construction ........................................................................71
Facility Location ................................................................................71
Layout of Facilities .............................................................................73
Planning .........................................................................................73
Floor Design ..................................................................................74
Flow Sheets....................................................................................74
Life Safety ..........................................................................................75
Evaluating Life Safety ........................................................................77
Evaluating Building Construction ......................................................79
Management Approaches for Assuring Life Safety ...........................82
Building Codes ...................................................................................83
International Building Code ...............................................................86
Engineering Design Considerations for Plant Layout ........................87
Location of Buildings and Structures ................................................87
Selection of Building Materials..........................................................88
Framing .........................................................................................90
Walls and Partitions .......................................................................91
Floor and Roof Assemblies ...........................................................91
Roof and Floor Covering ...............................................................92
Fire Loading ..................................................................................93
Compartmentalizing Facility .............................................................94
Fire Doors and Windows ...............................................................95
Fire Protection Rating ...................................................................96
Smoke and Heat Venting ...............................................................97
© 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC