finite element modeling and fabrication of an sma-smp shape memory composite actuator

100 Pages·2016·2.78 MB·English

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Theses and Dissertations--Mechanical
Mechanical Engineering
Engineering
2014
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Mohammad Souri
University of Kentucky, [e-mail]
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Souri, Mohammad, "FINITE ELEMENT MODELING AND FABRICATION OF AN SMA-SMP SHAPE MEMORY
COMPOSITE ACTUATOR" (2014). Theses and Dissertations--Mechanical Engineering. 38.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/38
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Mohammad Souri, Student
Dr. Haluk Karaca, Major Professor
Dr. James McDonough, Director of Graduate Studies
FINITE ELEMENT MODELING AND FABRICATION
OF AN SMA-SMP SHAPE MEMORY COMPOSITE
ACTUATOR
_______________________________________________
DISSERTATION
________________________________________

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the
College of Engineering
at the University of Kentucky

By
MOHAMMAD SOURI
Lexington, Kentucky

Director: Dr. Haluk E. Karaca, Professor of Mechanical Engineering
Lexington, Kentucky
2014
Copyright © Mohammad Souri 2014
ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION
Finite Element Modeling and Fabrication of an SMA-SMP Shape Memory
Composite Actuator
Shape memory alloys and polymers have been extensively researched
recently because of their unique ability to recover large deformations. Shape
memory polymers (SMPs) are able to recover large deformations compared to
shape memory alloys (SMAs), although SMAs have higher strength and are able
to generate more stress during recovery.
This project focuses on procedure for fabrication and Finite Element
Modeling (FEM) of a shape memory composite actuator. First, SMP was
characterized to reveal its mechanical properties. Specifically, glass transition
temperature, the effects of temperature and strain rate on compressive response
and recovery properties of shape memory polymer were studied. Then, shape
memory properties of a NiTi wire, including transformation temperatures and stress
generation, were investigated. SMC actuator was fabricated by using epoxy based
SMP and NiTi SMA wire. Experimental tests confirmed the reversible behavior of
fabricated shape memory composites.
The Finite Element Method was used to model the shape memory
composite by using a pre-written subroutine for SMA and defining the linear elastic
and plastic properties of SMP. ABQUS software was used to simulate shape
memory behavior. Beside the animated model in ABAQUS, constitutive models for
SMA and SMP were also developed in MATLAB® by using the material properties
obtained from experiments. The results of FEM simulation of SMC were found to
be in good agreement with experimental results.

KEYWORDS: Shape Memory Polymer, Shape Memory Alloy,
Shape Memory Composite, Finite Element
Modeling, Actuators

Mohammad Souri
_________________________________
Student’s Signature

_________________________________
Date
Finite Element Modeling and Fabrication of an SMA-SMP Shape Memory
Composite Actuator
By

Mohammad Souri

Dr. Haluk Karaca
______________________________
Director of Dissertation

Dr. James McDonough
______________________________
Director of Graduate Studies

______________________________
Finite Element Modeling and Fabrication of an SMA-SMP Shape Memory
Composite Actuator
By

Mohammad Souri

Dr. Haluk Karaca
______________________________
Director of Dissertation

Dr. Charles Lu
______________________________
Co-Director of Dissertation

Dr. James McDonough
______________________________
Director of Graduate Studies

______________________________
To Marjan - my wife, my love, and my best friend, who has supported me
unconditionally
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Haluk E. Karaca, who helped me to
develop the basic principles of this study. This work could not be accomplished
without his persistent guidance and motivation. I greatly appreciate his
unconditional and continuous support.
I am really grateful for having Dr. Y. Charles Lu as my co-advisor who
helped me a lot during the project. I would like to thank Dr. Rouch, Dr. Cheng, and
Dr. Bazrgari for serving as committee members and for their time.
I would also like to thank my parents to whom I am indebted for their
unconditional support despite being far away from me.
I am very lucky to have developed such great friendships during the course
of my studies. I would like to express my deepest gratuities to Gurdish Singh Ded,
Sayed Mohammad Saghaian, Dr. Burak Basaran, Dr. Hirobumi Tobe, Ali Sadi
Turabi, Irfan Kaya, Peizhen Li, Dr. Adnan Kaya, Emre Acar, Anil Erol, Rayan
Schulte, Kevin Wieman, Spandana Pulla, Vitali, Masoud Jabbari, and Amirhossein
Ghasemi.
And lastly, without help of my dear friends, Sonia Erfani, and Katherine
George, my work would not expressed as good.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................iv
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................vi
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................. vii
1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1
1.1 PRELIMINARY INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 1
1.2 MOTIVATION .............................................................................................. 2
1.3 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................... 3
1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ......................................................................... 6
2 SHAPE MEMORY POLYMER, CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING .... 8
2.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 8
2.2 HISTORY OF SMP CHARACTERIZATION ............................................ 8
2.3 SAMPLE PREPARATION ..................................................................... 10
2.3.1 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP ............................................................... 11
2.4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ................................................................. 15
2.4.1 GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE ......................................... 15
2.4.2 SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT ............................................................ 17
2.4.3 DEFORMATION LIMIT ON NGDE3 SMP ....................................... 19
2.4.4 COMPRESSION RESPONSES AND RECOVERY ........................ 20
2.4.5 EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR 22
2.4.6 CONSTRAINT SHAPE RECOVERIES ........................................... 24
2.4.7 EFFECTS OF THERMO-MECHANICAL HISTORY ........................ 27
2.5 SMP MODELLING................................................................................. 30
2.5.1 LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................. 30
2.5.2 SMP CONSTITUTIVE MODEL FOR SMALL DEFORMATIONS .... 31
2.5.3 FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING OF SMP IN ABAQUS® ................ 35
3 NiTi WIRE CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELLING ................................ 40
3.1 EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NiTi WIRE ...................... 40
3.1.1 DSC RESULTS ON NiTi WIRE ....................................................... 40
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