West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page i CHAPTERTITLE I 111 . 2 3 4 5 6 FEELING, BEING, AND 711 8 THE SENSE OF SELF 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 211 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page ii 111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 711 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 511 6 7 8 9 311 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page iii 111 2 3 4 5 6 711 FEELING, BEING, AND 8 9 THE SENSE OF SELF 10 1 2 A New Perspective on Identity, 3 Affect, and Narcissistic Disorders 4 5 6 Marcus West 7 8 9 211 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page iv 111 2 3 4 5 6 7 First published in 2007 by 8 Karnac Books Ltd. 9 118 Finchley Road, London NW3 5HT 10 1 2 3 4 Copyright © 2007 Marcus West 5 6 The right of Marcus West to be identified as the author of this work has 711 been asserted in accordance with §§ 77 and 78 of the Copyright Design and 8 Patents Act 1988. 9 20 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored 1 in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, 2 electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 3 4 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data 511 6 A C.I.P. for this book is available from the British Library 7 8 9 ISBN-13: 978 1 85575 412 6 311 1 Edited, designed and produced by The Studio Publishing Services Ltd, 2 www.publishingservicesuk.co.uk 3 e-mail: [email protected] 4 Printed in Great Britain 5 6 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 www.karnacbooks.com 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page v 111 CONTENTS 2 3 4 5 6 711 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix 211 PREFACE xi 1 2 INTRODUCTION xiii 3 4 PART I: AN “IDENTITY–AFFECT” MODEL 1 5 6 CHAPTER ONE 7 The clinical picture 3 8 CHAPTER TWO 9 Identity 33 30 I: The ego and identity 39 1 II: Models of identity. From edifice to social construct 53 2 3 CHAPTER THREE 4 Affect 89 5 6 CHAPTER FOUR 7 Klein, Bion, projective identification, 8 and the paranoid–schizoid position 121 911 v West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page vi vi CONTENTS 111 CHAPTER FIVE 2 Technique and analytic attitude 141 3 4 CHAPTER SIX 5 Jung, the self, and spiritual experience 161 6 7 PART II: PERSONALITYTYPES 197 8 9 Introduction 199 10 1 CHAPTER SEVEN 2 Narcissism and the narcissistic personality 203 3 4 CHAPTER EIGHT 5 The borderline personality 211 6 711 CHAPTER NINE 8 The hysteric personality 219 9 20 CHAPTER TEN 1 The schizoid personality 227 2 3 REFERENCES 237 4 INDEX 253 511 6 7 8 9 311 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page vii 111 2 3 4 5 6 711 8 9 10 1 Dedicated to the memory of P. E. W. and J. L. W., 2 and to L, E, M, and A 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 211 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page viii 111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 711 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 511 6 7 8 9 311 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 911 West prelims correx 2/22/07 10:44 PM Page ix 111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 3 4 5 6 711 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 211 I am enormously indebted and grateful to my two good friends 1 Gillian Russell and Rob Abbot for their comments on drafts of the 2 book and help in editing, and to Gillian also for her proof-reading 3 (and I acknowledge any peculiar turns of grammar as my own). 4 I am also very grateful to Anne Tynedale, Richard Carvalho, Bob 5 Withers, and Fiona Ross for their very helpful observations and 6 comments on previous drafts of the book. I would also like to thank 7 James Astor, Anna Bravesmith, Joe Cambray, Warren Colman, 8 Elizabeth Gee, Jean Knox, Joe Redfearn, Elizabeth Urban, and 9 Barbara Wharton, who have helped with or commented upon pre- 30 vious papers, drafts of papers, or talks which have become incor- 1 porated into the book. This list could also be considerably 2 expanded to include those who have made interesting and helpful 3 comments at the presentation of those papers and talks. The dia- 4 logue has always been tremendously helpful and I am extremely 5 grateful to all of the above, although, of course, I take full respon- 6 sibility for the views expressed herein and any associated errors. 7 Finally, I am grateful to my patients and, in particular, those who 8 have given their permission for me to write about our work 911 together here. ix