Exponential Random Graph Models for Social Networks Theory, Methods, and Applications PDF
Preview Exponential Random Graph Models for Social Networks Theory, Methods, and Applications
ExponentialRandomGraphModelsforSocialNetworks Exponential random graph models (ERGMs) are increasingly applied to observednetworkdataandarecentraltounderstandingsocialstructureand networkprocesses.Thechaptersinthiseditedvolumeprovidethetheoretical andmethodologicalunderpinningsofERGMs,includingmodelsforunivari- ate,multivariate,bipartite,longitudinal,andsocialinfluence–typeERGMs. Each method is applied in individual case studies illustrating how social science theories may be examined empirically using ERGMs. The authors supplythereaderwithsufficientdetailtospecifyERGMs,fitthemtodata withanyoftheavailablesoftwarepackages,andinterprettheresults. Dr.DeanLusherisLecturerinSociologyatSwinburneUniversityofTech- nology.Heworkscloselywithleadingmethodologiststodevelopanintuitive understandingofexponentialgraphmodels,howtheylinktobroadernet- worktheory,andhowtofitthemtoreal-lifedata.Hisresearchapplications aredirectedatissuesofsocialnormsandsocialhierarchies. Dr. Johan Koskinen is Lecturer in Social Statistics at the University of Manchester. He is a statistician working with modeling and inference for Social Science data. Focusing on social network data, Dr. Koskinen deals withgenerativemodelsfordifferenttypesofstructures,suchaslongitudi- nal network data, networks nested in multilevel structures, and multilevel networksclassifiedbyaffiliations. GarryRobinsisProfessorintheSchoolofPsychologicalSciencesattheUni- versityofMelbourne.Robinsisamathematicalpsychologistwhoseresearch dealswithquantitativeandstatisticalmodelsforsocialandrelationalsys- tems. His research has won international awards from the Psychometric Society,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,andtheInternationalNet- workforSocialNetworkAnalysis. StructuralAnalysisintheSocialSciences MarkGranovetter,Editor The series Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences presents studies that ana- lyzesocialbehaviorandinstitutionsbyreferencetorelationsamongsuchcon- crete social entities as persons, organizations, and nations. Relational analysis contrasts with both reductionist methodological individualism and macrolevel determinism,whetherbasedontechnology,materialconditions,economiccon- flict, adaptive evolution, or functional imperatives. In this more intellectually flexible structural middle ground, analysts situate actors and their relations in avarietyofcontexts.Sincetheseriesbeganin1987,itsauthorshavevariously focusedonsmallgroups,history,culture,politics,kinship,aesthetics,economics, andcomplexorganizations,creativelytheorizinghowtheseshape,andinturn are shaped by, social relations. Their style and methods have ranged widely, fromintense,long-termethnographicobservationtohighlyabstractmathemat- icalmodels.Theirdisciplinaryaffiliationshaveincludedhistory,anthropology, sociology,politicalscience,business,economics,mathematics,andcomputersci- ence.Somehavemadeexplicituseofsocialnetworkanalysis,includingmany ofthecutting-edgeandstandardworksofthatapproach,whereasothershave keptformalanalysisinthebackgroundandused“networks”asafruitfulorient- ingmetaphor.Allhaveincommonasophisticatedandrevealingapproachthat forcefullyilluminatesourcomplexsocialworld. OtherBooksintheSeries 1. MarkS.MizruchiandMichaelSchwartz,eds.,IntercorporateRelations: TheStructuralAnalysisofBusiness 2. BarryWellmannandS.D.Berkowitz,eds.,SocialStructures:ANetwork Approach 3. RonaldL.Brieger,ed.,SocialMobilityandSocialStructure 4. DavidKnoke,PoliticalNetworks:TheStructuralPerspective 5. JohnL.Campbell,J.RogersHollingsworth,andLeonN.Lindberg,eds., GovernanceoftheAmericanEconomy 6. KyriakosM.Kontopoulos,TheLogicsofSocialStructure 7. PhilippaPattison,AlgebraicModelsforSocialStructure 8. StanleyWassermanandKatherineFaust,SocialNetworkAnalysis: MethodsandApplications 9. GaryHerrigel,IndustrialConstructions:TheSourcesofGermanIndustrial Power 10. PhilippeBourgois,InSearchofRespect:SellingCrackinElBarrio 11. PerHageandFrankHarary,IslandNetworks:Communication,Kinship, andClassificationStructuresinOceana 12. ThomasSchweitzerandDouglasR.White,eds.,Kinship,Networks,and Exchange 13. NoahE.Friedkin,AStructuralTheoryofSocialInfluence 14. DavidWank,CommodifyingCommunism:Business,Trust,andPoliticsin aChineseCity Continuedaftertheindex Exponential Random Graph Models for Social Networks Theory, Methods, and Applications Editors DEAN LUSHER JOHAN KOSKINEN GARRY ROBINS cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013–2473,USA www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521141383 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2013 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Exponentialrandomgraphmodelsforsocialnetworks:theory,methods,and applications/[editedby]DeanLusher,SwinburneUniversityofTechnology, JohanKoskinen,UniversityofManchester,GarryRobins,Universityof Melbourne,Australia. pages cm.–(Structuralanalysisinthesocialsciences;35) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-521-19356-6(hardback)–ISBN978-0-521-14138-3 (paperback) 1.Socialnetworks–Mathematicalmodels. 2.Socialnetworks– Research–Graphicmethods. I.Lusher,Dean,editorofcompilation. II.Koskinen,Johan,editorofcompilation. III.Robins,Garry,editorof compilation. HM741.E96 2012 302.3–dc23 2012021034 ISBN978-0-521-19356-6Hardback ISBN978-0-521-14138-3Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhis publicationanddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,or willremain,accurateorappropriate. For Jo,Massimo,andPriscilla Pirkko Jane,andOlivia THANKS Wethankourchaptercontributorsfortheirknowledge, dedication,andpatienceinproducingthisbook.Thanksalso toourcolleaguesintheMelnetsocialnetworkgroupand elsewherewhohavecollaboratedwithusandprovided adviceinourresearchonexponentialrandomgraphmodels. Additionally,weareindebtedtoMelNetSNAcourse participantswhosequestionsandinquisitivenesshave directedthecontentofthiseditedvolume.Wearegratefulto colleaguesattheDefenceScienceandTechnology Organization(DSTO)inAustralia,andNuffieldCollegeand theMitchellCenterintheUKforvaluablecommentsand feedback.Inparticular,thankstoNectariosKontoleon,Jon Fahlander,andBernieHoganforcommentsonselected partsofthebook.Finally,thankyoutoSarahCraigand ClaudiaMollidorforpreparingthebookforpublication.
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