Executive Summary for Proposed Drilling of Development Wells in Kanawara field, District Anand ...

17 Pages·2013·0.27 MB·English

Heramec Limited Executive Summary

HERAMEC LIMITED

Executive Summary for Proposed Drilling of
Development Wells in Kanawara field, District Anand,
Gujarat

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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This executive summary follows the general arrangement of topics as required by the EIA Notification dated
September 14, 2006 and is for the subject study, namely EIA / EMP and RA/DMP for proposed development
drilling operations in Kanawara field.
Introduction and Background
About Heramec Limited
Heramec Ltd (Heramec) is an upstream Oil & Gas company. It is engaged in the exploration and production of
oil and gas in Cambay Basin (Gujarat, India). The company has established a broad portfolio of assets which
include production and development fields in the operating region. Heramec holds six oil & gas fields in
Cambay Basin namely, North Kathana field, Kanawara field, Dholasan field, North Balol field, Allora field and
Unawa field. Heramec operates four development fields out of the six development fields. The fields operated
by Heramec are namely North Kathana, Kanawara, Dholasan and Allora. Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs)
were entered in for all the licenses held under Development and Exploration. The company has a corporate
office in Ahmedabad, India.
Kanawara Field
Kanawara field is situated in Cambay basin, in Tarapur taluka, district Anand, Gujarat. The field is having an
aerial extent of 6.3 km2. The field was awarded to Heramec – GSPC Joint Venture under Production Sharing
Contract (PSC). Two wells Kanawara#2 (K#2) & Kanawara (K#3) were existing at the time of awarding the
field to Heramec. Basic EPS was established by ONGC at K#2 in Jan 1990.
Heramec proposes drilling of four (4) development wells within the field.
Regulatory Framework
As per the Schedule attached to the EIA Notification 2006, as amended till date, the proposed project is
covered under Project or Activity, 1(b), namely Offshore and Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration, Development
and Production. Such activities are also listed as Category A under the said Notification, requiring prior
Environment Clearance (EC) from the Impact Assessment Authority (IAA), i.e. the Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF), New Delhi.
Project Chronology till Date
1. As part of its EC process, Heramec submitted relevant documents, namely Form-1 (as per the EIA
Notification 2006, as amended till date) along with a Pre-feasibility Report and proposed Terms of
References (ToR) for carrying out environmental studies, to the Expert Appraisal Committee
(Industrial Projects) MoEF (‘EAC, Industry’), vide letter No HL/MoEF/KW/12/019 dated 16th April, 2012.
2. A presentation to the Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (REAC) – Industry, to finalize the ToR
for the EIA study was held on 3rd – 5th December, 2012 at New Delhi. The REAC, Industry prescribed
ToR vide its letter F. No. J-11011/201/2012-IA II (I) dated 1st February 2013.
3. Thereafter Heramec awarded the work of undertaking relevant environmental and other studies
required as part of the EC process to Kadam Environmental Consultants (‘Kadam’) vide its work order
dated 15th February 2011. Kadam is accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Education and
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
Training (NABET) to undertake EIA and related studies in the onshore oil and gas, exploration,
development and production sector, a mandatory requirement for agencies submitting such studies to
regulators for the purpose of seeking EC.
4. Kadam undertook the study during the summer season 2013, in accordance with the ToR issued by
the REAC-Industry / MoEF and presented the preliminary study findings in its draft report released in
October 2013 for the purpose of public consultation as per the EIA Notification.
Project Description
Location and Size of the Project
Kanawara field is situated in Cambay basin. The field is having an aerial extent of 6.3 km2.
Location details are as follows:
 State: Gujarat
 District: Anand
 Taluka: Tarapur
The Drilling Process
Drilling operations shall be conducted round-the-clock for 24 hrs. The time taken to drill a well depends on the
depth of the hydrocarbon bearing formation and the geological conditions. Heramec intends to drill wells to a
depth from 1650m to 1750m. This would typically take ~25 - 30 days for each well – however drilling period
may increase depending on well depth. Conventional rotary drilling methods will be used and the drill sites
would be demobilized after completion of drilling activities, leaving a limited footprint covering the well head
and fence in place, pending future development operations.
Water based mud, that is ecologically sensitive, will be used and all drilling activities will be conducted as per
the requirements of the Oilfield and Mineral Development Rules, 1984 as amended till date. Guidelines issued
by the Oil Mines Regulation (OMR) will be followed throughout the drilling process.
Workforce Management
There will be no permanent workers camp required for drilling of wells. During the drilling operations, about 30
to 40 persons may be working in 12 hour shifts at site. Workers shall return to their homes at night and hence
no camping is required at or near the well site. Maximum 10 knowledgeable and technically skilled persons will
stay in mobilized rig set.
Power Requirement
The drilling process requires movement of the drill bit and string through the draw works which require power.
The power requirement of the drilling rig will be met by using the Diesel Generator (DG) sets (2 DG sets of
750-1000 HP – One stand by) approx. 150 lit/hr of HSD will be consumed for diesel engines for rig power
producing. 80HP DG Set will be used for lighting during night ~20 lts /hr of HSD will be consumed for lighting
purpose in DG set.
Water Requirement
The drilling operation and maintenance of the drill site facilities have various water requirements. The most
significant of these requirements in terms of quantity is that for mud preparation. The other requirements
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
would be for engine cooling, floor / equipment / string washing, sanitation, fire-fighting storage / make-up and
drinking. Water for emergency fire fighting would be stored in a pit of 25 m diameter and make-up of the
same will have to be made on a regular basis.
The requirement of water expected for sanitation and drinking purposes of the workers shall be insignificantly
low in terms of quantity. Water will be sourced from nearby surface water source in case of non availability of
surface water ground water will be used.
Since, there is no quality criterion for usage of raw water for the various uses mentioned above (other than
drinking) the tanker water shall be directly used without any treatment. The potable water requirement shall
be met by procuring adequately treated water from off-site locations. A water pit shall be constructed at the
site for providing storage of water required for fire fighting in case of an emergency.
Waste Water Generation
The drilling operation would generate waste water in the form of wash water due to washing of equipment,
string etc. This waste water along with spill over mud will be diverted to waste water mud pit whose bottom
would be lined with HDPE sheet so as to avoid percolation of water contaminants in the soil. Approximately 5
m3 per day of waste water will be discharged in HDPE lined evaporation pit. The other source of waste water is
sewage generated from sanitation facilities, which shall be disposed through soak pits.
Air Emissions
The emissions to the atmosphere from the drilling operations shall be from the DG Sets. These emissions will
consist of mainly CO and water, and contain traces of NO , SO and particulate matter. The concentration of
2 X 2
SO in the emitted gas will depend on the fuel source, which in this case shall be diesel containing little
2
sulphur. The DG set emissions shall be through a vent at approximately 18 m above ground level.
Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
The drilling rig system to be employed for drilling will be equipped for the separation of drill cuttings and solid
materials from the drilling fluid. The drill cuttings, cut by the drill bit, will be removed from the fluid by the
shale shakers (vibrating screens) and centrifuges and transferred to the cuttings containment area. Once the
drilling fluid / mud have been cleaned it will be returned to the fluid tank and pumped down the drill string
again. It is estimated that 30-50 MT of formation cuttings and few hundred m3 of mud from spent drilling fluid
will be generated in the form of solid waste, during the drilling operation.
Drill cuttings and drilling mud will be disposed off in accordance with the Gazette Notification dated 30th
August 2005 - G.S.R 546 (E), Section C ‘Guidelines for Disposal of Solid Waste, Drill Cuttings and Drilling Fluids
for Offshore and Onshore Drilling Operation’. Under these guidelines:
 Drill cuttings separated from Water Based Mud (WBM) will be properly washed and unusable drilling
fluids will be allowed to evaporate in a HDPE lined pit. In case the drill cuttings have oil and grease
level in excess of 10 grams/kg, these will be sent to a GPCB authorized Treatment, Storage and
Disposal Facility (TSDF).
 WBM will be re-used at the next drill site where feasible. If this is not feasible, the WBM will be
disposed off in a HDPE lined pit or sent to a GPCB authorized TSDF for disposal.
 Waste oils generated during the drilling process, if any, will be sent to authorised reprocessors or
incinerated at a GPCB authorized TSDF.
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
Description of the Environment
Baseline environmental studies were carried out during summer season of year 2013 (March to May 2013),
during the non-monsoon season, as per the TOR received from the REAC-Industry/ MoEF.
Study Area
The study area is defined as area within 10.0 km radius from the block.
Landuse of the Study Area
A recent satellite image for the study area was collected using Google Earth Pro. The image was interpreted for
identification of various landuse / land cover classes. Ground truthing was done to confirm and edit the
interpreted landuse / land cover classes.
Landuse of study area has been broadly classified into categories such as habitation, industrial area,
agricultural land, land without scrubs, land with scrubs, water bodies, Plantation, riverbed area.
Level 1 Level 2 Area, Level 2 classes Area, Level 1 classes
S. No.
classification classification Ha. ~km2 ~% Ha. ~km2 ~%
Built-up Land or Residential / Commercial 577.6 15.52 3.65
1. 611.9 15.86 3.73
Habitation Industrial 34.3 0.34 0.08
Crop Land / Fallow Land 37271 372.71 87.74
2. Agricultural Land 37352.2 373.52 87.93
Plantations 81.2 0.81 0.19
Land Without Scrub 221.8 2.22 0.52
3. Wastelands 491.7 4.92 1.16
Sandy Area 269.9 2.70 0.64
Reservoir / Lakes / Ponds /
1551.7 15.52 3.65
4. Water Bodies Tanks 1871.3 18.72 4.4
River 319.6 3.20 0.75
Vegetation Scrub 1745.4 17.45 4.11
5. 2152.9 21.53 5.07
Cover Open Vegetation 407.5 4.08 0.96
The major portion of land is covered by agricultural land (87.93%), plantation (5.07%) and habitation
(3.73%). The major crop cultivated in the study area was mostly Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum.) and
vegetables and in some area Wheat (Triticum aestivum), Chili, Jowar (Sorghum vulgare).
Climatology
The climate of this region is characterized by a hot summer and general dryness except in the southwest
monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season from December to February is
followed by the hot season from March to middle of June. The period from middle of June to September is the
southwest monsoon season. October and November constitute the post-monsoon or retreating monsoon
season.
 Mean average temperature recorded during study period was 30.8 °C
 Maximum temperature recorded during the study period was 34°C and minimum 19.9°C.
 Predominant wind direction during study period is observed to be from south-west direction.
 Mean average wind speed was observed to be 2.9 km/hr.
 The mean average relative humidity recorded was 40.8% with mean maximum humidity of 56.1% and
mean minimum of 28.1%.
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
 Average mean rainfall in the region is 900 mm during monsoon season, during the study period
rainfall was not recorded.
Ambient Air
Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in summer season during March to May 2013. The ambient air
quality monitoring stations were set up at 8 different locations .
Sr. No Village Taluka District
1. Kanavada Village Tarapur Anand
2. Khada Village Tarapur Anand
3. Vastana Tarapur Anand
4. Viroja Village Tarapur Anand
5. Changda Village Tarapur Anand
6. Valandapura Tarapur Anand
7. Isanpur Tarapur Anand
8. Mahiyari Tarapur Anand
 The 98th percentile concentration of PM recorded at 8 locations ranged from 78 µg/m3 (Kanawara
10
village) to 94 µg/m3 (Mahiyari Village). All these values are within the specified limit of PM given by
10
CPCB (100 µg/m3).
 The 98th percentile concentration of SO recorded at 8 locations ranged from 12 (Khada Village) to
2
13.1 µg/m3 (Mahiyari Village). All these values are within the specified limit of CPCB (80 µg/m3).
 The 98th percentile concentration of NO recorded at 8 locations ranged from 21.9 µg/m3 (Mahiyari
X
Village) to 27.5 µg/m3 (Kanawara Village). All these values are within the specified limit of CPCB (80
µg/m3).
 The 98th percentile concentration HCrecorded at 8 locations ranged from 1237 (Isanpur Village) to

1783 µg/m3 (Viroja Village).
 The 98th percentile concentration of NMHCrecorded at 8 locations ranged from 10 (Isanpur Village) to

21 µg/m3 (Khada Village).
 The 98th percentile concentration of VOCrecorded at 8 locations are all below <1 mg/m3.

Groundwater Quality
Groundwater samples were collected from five different locations within the study area shown and analyzed for
parameters mentioned in the Indian Standard IS 10500:1991.
Sr. No Village Taluka District
1. Kanawara Tarapur Anand
2. Gobrapura Tarapur Anand
3. Ingoli Tarapur Anand
4. Valandapura Tarapur Anand
5. Valotri Tarapur Anand
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
 It is observed that TDS, Chloride, Total Hardness of all samples were found above the permissible limit
except for Kanawara and Ingoli Village.
 Apart from that, Fluoride content is high in Kanawara village and Magnesium content is high in
Valandapura and Valotri villages.
 Apart from that all the other parameter are found within the permissible limit.
 The recent formations have some inherent salinity. However, areas where canal network exist, quality
of water shows improvement due to dilution.
Analysis of collected samples revealed that about all parameters satisfy the permissible limits except those
mentioned above as per IS 10500:1991 specified for drinking water and hence are suitable for drinking,
however it is suggested that water may disinfected by boiling or by use of chorine tables before use.
Surface Water Quality
Surface water Samples were collected from twelve different locations shown within the study area and
analyzed for parameters mentioned in IS 10500:1991
Sr. No Village Taluka District
1. Sinjiwada Tarapur Anand
2. Pariyaj Tarapur Anand
3. Viroja Tarapur Anand
4. Vastana Tarapur Anand
5. Toli Tarapur Anand
6. Mahiyeri Tarapur Anand
7. Kaneval Tarapur Anand
8. Valandapura Tarapur Anand
9. Sabarmati Tarapur Anand
10. Kanawara Tarapur Anand
11. Kanawara Tarapur Anand
12. Daroli Tarapur Anand
 pH of sample was found to vary from 6.85 (Toli) to 7.95 (Kanawara stream). All samples were within
the permissible limit (6.5 to 8.5)
 TDS of sample was found to vary from 144 mg/l (Pariyaj and Kanewal) to 1828 mg/l (Sabarmati
River). TDS in all samples were below the permissible limit (2000 mg/l)
 Total Hardness of all samples was found to vary from 110mg/l (Pariyaj, Kanewal, Kanawara stream
and Daroli pond) to 210mg/l (Sinjiwada Village) .Total Hardness of all Samples were below the
permissible limit (600 mg/l).
 Total Alkalinity of all samples was found to vary from 10 mg/l (Toli Village) to 230mg/l (Kanawara
stream). Total Alkalinity of all samples was below the permissible limit (600 mg/l).
 Magnesium content of sample were found to vary from 0.49 mg/l (Toli Village) to 31.10mg/l
(Sinjiwada Village). Magnesium in all samples were below the permissible limit (100 mg/l)
 Iron content of sample was found to vary from <0.001 mg/l in most of the villages to 0.081mg/l
(Valandapura village). Iron in all samples were below the permissible limit.
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
 Total coliforms and Faecal Coliforms are exceeding the permissible limit at all locations. Village ponds
are used for domestic activities such as washing of clothes, and washing cattle to some extent. These
activities may have increased the total and Faecal Coliform.
Based on the analyzed parameters, it is recommended that water of these ponds should not be used for
drinking purpose.
Soil
Soil samples were collected from five locations within the study area .
Sr. No Village Taluka District
1. Kanawara Tarapur Anand
2. Vastana Tarapur Anand
Chitarwada to Kanawara
3. Tarapur Anand
road
4. Valandpura Tarapur Anand
5. Valotri to Indraj Road Tarapur Anand
 The porosity of soil sample was in the range of 50% (Kanawada village) to 59% (area in between
Chitorwada to Kanawada villages) and water holding capacity (WHC) of soil samples ranges from
45.44% (Vastana village) to 64.60% (area in between Chitorwada to Kanawada).
 The permeability ranged from 7.052 x 10-5 (area in between Valotri to Ingoli villages) to 7.11 x 10-4
(Kanawada village) as the soil in the former is silty loam, saline and in the latter it is sandy loam and
non-saline.
 The CEC of soil samples ranged from 15.60 meq/100 g soil (Vastana village) to 21.80 (area in
between Valotri to Ingoli villages). The values of CEC indicate that soils are manily illitic in nature and
silt loam texture is mainly due to accumulation of silt & clay in the low lying areas as these soils are
highly erodible.
 The EC of soils was in the range of 0.555 dS/m (Kanawada village) to 1.94 dS/m (areas between
valotri to Ingoli villages).
 The pH ranged from 7.01 (Vastana village) to 8.02 (areas between Chitorwada to Kanawada villages).
The texture of soil is observed to be mainly Sandy Loam in the study area based on analysis of the samples
collected.
Noise
Noise levels were recorded at six different locations within the study area.
S. No. Village Taluka District
1. Kanawara Village Tarapur Anand
2. Milrampur Village Tarapur Anand
3. Changada Village Tarapur Anand
4. Walotri Village Tarapur Anand
5. Changora – Na- Pura Village Tarapur Anand
6. Hadewa Village Tarapur Anand
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
 Noise level during day time was observed to be in range of 53 dBA (Changada village) to 55.7 dBA
(Kanawara and Changora-Na-PuraVillage). Noise level during day time was observed to be within the
CPCB standards for residential area (55 dBA) except for Kanawara and Changora-Na-Puraand
MilrampurVillage.
 Night time Noise level was in range of 44.5 dBA (Milrampur Village) to 47.0 dBA (Kanawara
Village).Noise level during night time was observed within the CPCB standards for residential area (45
dBA) except Changada, Kanawara, Changora-Na-Pura and Hadewa village.
Biological Environment
The list of floral species is prepared based on visual observation during site visit and through review of site
literatures and secondary data available with various government offices is referred for identifying rare or
endangered species in the region.
A total of 140 plant species are observed in the study area out of which 36 tree species, 24 shrubs species and
55 herbs, 25 Climber/twiners species.
Total 6 mammals’ species, 9 Reptiles species, 60 species of avifauna were reported in the study area. Cattle
egrets were found in symbiotic association with grazing animals. The most commonly spotted bird species of
this area were;,, white stork, Darter, Cattle Egret, Intermediate Egret, Little Egret, Indian Cormorant, Black-
winged Stilt, Red-wattled Lapwing, Red-naped Ibis, Black-headed Ibis, White-breasted Water hen,. Sarus
carane, White strok, Open billed stroks were observed in the agriculture lands within the close proximity to the
two large water bodies of this region Kanewal Lake and Pariag lake.
Three birds are grouped under near threatened category Painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala), Black-headed
Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus), Oriental Darter (Anhinga melanogaster ) and one is vulnerable is (Grus
antigone) Sarus Crane. None of them sited within 1 km radius from the well locations.
Aquatic Ecology
Samples were collected from 5 locations and analyzed for phytoplankton and zooplanktons in study area.
Phytoplankton
Total 13 nos. of phytoplankton genera were observed at all sampling locations in which Pediastrum was major
dominant at all sampling locations.
The highest cell count of phytoplankton was recorded at Kanewal pond where as lowest at water body near
site.
Zooplankton
Total 12 nos. of zooplankton groups was observed at all sampling locations in which Monas was dominant at
almost all sampling locations.
The highest population of zooplankton was recorded at Kanewal village pond where as lowest at Sabarmati
River.
Demographic and Socio- Economic Profile
Analysis of the demographical statistics, based on Primary Census Abstract, 2001 & field survey reveals that
there are a total of 61 villages in the study area having a population of 110220 and 20888 dwelling units.
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Heramec Limited Executive Summary
Average Scheduled castes constitute about 11.15% of the total population of villages in the study area.
Scheduled tribes constitute about 0.74% of the total population of villages in the study area. Villages in the
study area have fairly good infrastructure facilities.
Anticipated Environmental Impact Identification, Prediction and Mitigation
Ambient Air
A number of sources are there to cause potential impacts on air quality, which are as follows:
 Emissions from DG sets used as part of the drilling rig;
 Flaring of gases primarily during the testing phase will contribute to additional air pollution;
 Fugitive emissions during site preparation and closure phases;
 Emissions from vehicular movement;
Impacts of emissions from DG sets on the GLC at various distances were predicted using the dispersion
modeling software AERMOD, fuel consumption rate (150 L/hr).
The maximum 24 hourly GLC’s are predicted to be 0.1007 µg/m3, 32.063 µg/m3 and 0.1007 µg/m3 for SO ,
2
NO and particulate matter respectively. These GLC’s are expected to occur at a distance of 200 m from the
X
source towards the NE direction.
The predicted impact level due to the operation of DG set is within the limit prescribed in National Ambient Air
Quality Standards.
The mitigation measures for air quality impacts are:
 The exhaust of the DG set will be at sufficient height to allow dispersion of the pollutants and DG sets
will be properly maintained so that emissions will be under statutory limits;
 The flaring system will be properly managed at all times;
 Location of the flare stack will be decided in accordance with the Oil Mines Regulation Rules, 1984
(Chapter 9, Section 96 – Protection against Pollution of Environment), a flare stack of minimum 9 m
height will be provided at the site taking into consideration nearest habitations, campsite location and
prevailing wind direction;
 Water spraying will be done on the access roads to control re-entrained dust during dry season (if
required);
 The engines and exhaust systems of all vehicles and equipment used in this project will be maintained
as such, that exhaust emissions are low and do not breach statutory limits set for the concerned
vehicle/equipment type;
 Ensuring the availability of valid Pollution Under Control Certificates (PUCC) for all vehicles used on
site.
 Blow out preventer of sufficient capacity will be installed at well head during drilling operation.
Noise Environment
The proposed drilling operations and related activities will lead to emission of noise that may have significant
impact on the surrounding communities in terms of increase in noise levels and associated disturbances
Following activities would result in increase in noise level
 Noise from rig and associated machinery
 Noise from vehicular movement
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