Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy: Concepts, Methods, Case Studies PDF
Preview Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy: Concepts, Methods, Case Studies
Public Health Ethics 1 Series Editor: Michael J. Selgelid Daniel Strech Irene Hirschberg Georg Marckmann Editors Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy Concepts, Methods, Case Studies Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy Public Health Ethics Analysis Volume 1 Edited by Michael J. Selgelid Monash University, Melbourne, Australia For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10067 Daniel Strech (cid:129) Irene Hirschberg Georg Marckmann Editors Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy Concepts, Methods, Case Studies Editors Daniel Strech Irene Hirschberg Hannover Medical School Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany Hannover, Germany Georg Marckmann Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany The project “Public health ethics. A workshop on scientifi c methods, normative concepts, case analyses, and interdisciplinary cooperation” and the belonging publication were funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (funding no. 01GP1081). The responsibility for the content lies with the authors of this publication. ISSN 2211-6680 ISSN 2211-6699 (electronic) ISBN 978-94-007-6373-9 ISBN 978-94-007-6374-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6374-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013937946 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Preface In February 2011, the editors of this volume conducted a 5-day workshop at Hannover Medical School with experienced scholars on ethical issues in public health and health policy. Several leading experts in the fi eld joined the workshop and contributed to in-depth discussions about a broad range of current issues in public health ethics and clarifi cation of basic concepts, as well as methodological approaches to teaching and training in public health ethics. A selection of participants decided to transform their workshop contributions into manuscripts to be collected in an edited volume. In bridging theoretical foundations and practical applications, every chapter seeks to introduce and advance academic debate and refl ection upon the topics covered. The volume, therefore, provides a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners and students in the fi eld. While experts will be more interested in in-depth analyses of specifi c issues, the book can also be used as a source for supplementary reading for bachelor and master courses in public health, social and political sciences, applied ethics, philosophy, law, nursing sciences, medicine and psychology. All chapters in this book were peer reviewed by one contributing author to this book and by one of three volume editors. We therefore thank all contributing authors not only for their efforts in drafting a paper for this volume but also for contributing to the quality of the volume by providing peer review. We would also like to thank all of the participants in the Hannover workshop for their constructive critique of the work presented. We also thank Springer International and especially the anonymous reviewer for thoughtful comments on a fi rst draft of this volume that led to a more extensive and better structured introductory chapter. Our special thanks go to those who helped to edit (Nicole Teichmann) and proof read (Reuben Thomas, Karen Carolin and Ben Smith) the entire volume. v vi Preface Last but not least, we thank the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) for the generous funding (funding no. 01GP1081) that allowed the invitation of national and interna- tional experts in public health ethics and health policy analysis to our 5-day work- shop in Hannover. Hannover, Germany Daniel Strech Hannover, Germany Irene Hirschberg Munich, Germany Georg Marckmann Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................. 1 Daniel Strech 2 Where Public Health Meets Ethics. Conceptual Foundations and Practical Challenges of Public Health ........................................... 5 Irene Hirschberg , Jasper Littmann , and Daniel Strech Part I Concepts 3 Normative and Non-normative Concepts: Paternalism and Libertarian Paternalism. ................................................................. 27 Kalle Grill 4 “If You Smoke, You Stink.” Denormalisation Strategies for the Improvement of Health-Related Behaviours: The Case of Tobacco ............................................................................... 47 Kristin Voigt 5 Should Public Health Ethics Embrace the Right Not to Think About One’s Health? .............................................................................. 63 Harald Schmidt Part II Methods and Teaching 6 Incorporating Ethics Into Teaching Health Policy Analysis .............. 83 Holly A. Taylor 7 Critical Public Health Ethics. Teaching for Moral Imagination and Discernment ............................................................... 93 Alison K. Thompson and Ann Robertson 8 A Model Curriculum for Public Health Ethics .................................... 103 Angus Dawson and Ross Upshur vii viii Contents 9 Systematic Reviews of Reasons in Public Health Ethics Literature: A Roadmap .......................................................................... 119 Neema Sofaer and Daniel Strech Part III Cases 10 Cancer Screening, Risk Stratifi cation and the Ethics of Apt Categorisation: A Case Study .................................................... 141 Stephen D. John 11 Innovation and Justifi cation in Public Health: The Introduction of the Child Index in the Netherlands ..................... 153 Inge Lecluijze , Bart Penders , Frans Feron , and Klasien Horstman 12 Distributing Vaccine Fairly During Infl uenza Pandemics – A Case Study from Berlin ................................................ 175 Jasper Littmann 13 Asylum Seekers and Public Health Ethics ............................................ 193 Verina Wild 14 Infl uenza Vaccination for Health Care Personnel in Long-Term Care Homes: What Restrictions of Individual Freedom of Choice Are Morally Justifi able?. ....................................... 209 Georg Marckmann , Johannes J. M. van Delden , Anna M. Sanktjohanser , and Sabine Wicker Index ................................................................................................................ 225 Chapter 1 Introduction Daniel Strech Ethical issues within public health and health policy, whether related to pandemic planning and vaccination policies (e.g. for SARS or H1N1), preventive measures like screening (e.g. for breast cancer or dementia) and health information campaigns, social inequalities, or health care rationing, are gaining increasing prominence around the world. Often, the ethical complexity of public health decision-making is further increased because, for example, evidence-based information for a valid benefi t-harm assessment of specifi c public health interventions is scarce. Furthermore, program implementation often disregards requirements of a fair decision-making process (public participation, transparency, etc.). Originating from an international conference on public health ethics, this volume contains contributions from a group of leading scholars from multiple disciplines and countries, covering three intertwined areas: (i) C oncepts: philosophical analy- sis of core concepts of public health ethics; (ii) M ethods & Teaching : suggestions for strategies and curricula for teaching of ethics in public health and health policy, and strategies for systematically reviewing argument-based literature in public health ethics; (iii) C ases : several case studies that demonstrate the wide spectrum of ethical issues in public health interventions as well as the applicability of public health ethics. This contributed volume does not (and cannot) aim to cover all concepts, meth- ods, teaching approaches and possible issues. It addresses those special concerns that are currently the subject of controversial debate and that have not been addressed in other contributed volumes in the fi eld (Dawson and Verweij 2007 ; Dawson 2011 ; Freeman 2 010 ; Bayer et al. 2 007 ; Anand et al. 2 004 ). D. Strech () Centre for Ethics and Law in the Life Sciences , Institute for History, Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine , Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625 , Germany Institute of Biomedical Ethics , University of Zürich, Zürich , Switzerland e-mail: [email protected] D. Strech et al. (eds.), Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy: Concepts, Methods, 1 Case Studies, Public Health Ethics Analysis 1, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6374-6_1, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
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