Energy conversion PDF
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q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC Preface Energy is universally acknowledged to be the mainstay of an industrial society. Without an adequate supply of energy, the stability of the social and economic order, as well as the political structure of a society, is in jeopardy. As the world supply of fossil energy sources decreases, the need for energy conservation, efficient energyconversion, and developing renewable energy technologies becomesever morecritical.Thisbookdealswithenergyconversionfromtraditionalfossilfuelsandnuclearaswellas renewableenergyresources. Recently, theissue ofenergyefficiency has emergedasa serious engineering challengebecause it is nowgenerallyacceptedthathumanactivities,mainlyburningoffossilfuels,arethemaincontributorsto globalclimatechange.Globalwarmingislargelytheresultoftheemissionofradiation-trappinggases, suchascarbondioxideandmethane,intotheatmosphere.Itistheconsensusofthescientificcommunity that human activities are largely responsible for the increase in the average global temperature. Thus, improvingtheefficiencyofenergyconversionfromfossilfuelsandthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy technologiesisbecomingevermoreimportantfortheengineeringcommunity. Thisbookisdividedintotwoparts:energyresourcesandenergyconversion.Thefirstsevenchapters dealwithavailableenergyresourcesincludingfossilfuels,nuclear,andrenewable.Chapters8–11cover conventionalenergyconversiontechnologiesofsteampowerplants,gasturbines,internal combustion engines, and hydraulic turbines. Advanced conversion technologies such as advanced coal power plants, combined cycle power plants, Stirling engines, and advanced nuclear power are covered in Chapters12–17.Chapter15coversvariousstoragetechnologies. Renewable energy technologies including solar thermal power, photovoltaics, wind energy conver- sion, biomass and biofuels, geothermal energy conversion, as well as waste-to-energy combustion are covered in Chapters 18–24. Chapter 26 presents fundamentals as well as technology assessment of fuelcells.Unconventionalenergyconversionsystemsstillunderdevelopment,includingnuclearfusion, oceanenergy,anddirectenergyconversionbythermionic,thermoelectric,andmagneto-hydrodynamic methods,arecoveredinChapters17,25,and27. Thematerialpresentedinthishandbookhasbeenextractedfromthetwoprevioushandbooksedited byus.ThefirstistheHandbookofMechanicalEngineeringandtheothertheHandbookofEnergyEfficiency and Renewable Energy published in 2007. It is hoped that bringing all the information for energy resources and conversion under one roof will be useful to engineers in designing and building energy generation systems from traditional and renewable resources. The editors would like to express their appreciationtotheauthorsfortheirforbearanceanddiligenceinpreparingtheirworkforpublication. In a work of this type, scope errors and omissions are unavoidable. The editors would therefore appreciatefeedbackfromthereaderstorectifyanyerrorsandimprovethecoverageoffutureeditions. D. Yogi Goswami Frank Kreith q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC Editors-in-Chief D. Yogi Goswami, Clean Energy Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida Frank Kreith, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado q2007byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC
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