Endocrines and Osmoregulation: A Comparative Account of the Regulation of Water and Salt in Vertebrates PDF
Preview Endocrines and Osmoregulation: A Comparative Account of the Regulation of Water and Salt in Vertebrates
Zoophysiology and Ecology VOlume 1 Managing Editor D. S.Farner Editors W.S.Hoar· J. Jacobs · H.Langer· M.Lindauer Co-Editors G.A.Bartholomew' D. Burkhardt· W.R.Dawson D.Kennedy· P.Klopfer' P.Marler' C.L. Prosser L. B.Slobodkin . H.Waring · K. E. F.Watt J. Wersall . W.Wickler Endocrines and Osmoregulation A Comparative Account of the Regulation of Water and Salt in Vertebrates by J. P. Bentley With 29 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1971 P.J.BENTLEY ProfessorofPharmacology MountSinai SchoolofMedicine ofthe CityUniversityofNewYork ISBN 978-3-662-11668-5 ISBN 978-3-662-11666-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-11666-1 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under §54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, afeeispayableto the publisher, the amountof the fee to bedetermined by agreementwith the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1970. OriginallypublishedbySpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYorkin1970. Softcoverreprintofthehardcover1stedition1970 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 79-134653. The useof general descriptivenames, trade names, trade marks etc. in this publication,even if the former are not especially identified,isnot to be taken as a sign that suchnames,as under stood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. Zoophysiology and Ecology VOlume 1 Managing Editor D.S.Farner Editors W. S.Hoar· J. Jacobs· H. Langer · M.Lindauer Co-Editors G. A.Bartholomew· D. Burkhardt· W.R.Dawson D. Kennedy· P.Klopfer· P.Marler· C.L. Prosser L. B.Slobodkin· H.Waring . K.E.F.Watt J.Wersall . W.Wickler Endocrines and Osmoregulation A Comparative Account of the Regulation of Water and Salt in Vertebrates by J. P. Bentley With 29Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1971 P.J.BENTLEY Professorof Pharmacology MountSinaiSchoolofMedicine ofthe CityUniversityof NewYork ISBN978-3-662-11668-5 ISBN978-3-662-11666-1 (eBook) 001 10.1007/978-3-662-11666-1 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under §54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee ispayable to the publisher,the amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1970. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 79-134653. OriginallypublishedbySpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYorkin1970. Softcoverreprintofthehardcover1stedition1970 The useofgeneral descriptive names, trade names,trade marks etc.in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as under stood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. To S. E. D. For Friendship Preface It isan old and tritesaying thataprefaceiswrittenlast, placedfirst andreadleast. It may also be an explanation or justification for what follows, especially if the author feels that the reader may not agree with him. This is thus, something of an apologia. When Ifirst agreed to writethis book,Ifeltthatitwastobedirectedprincipally towards the endocrinesystemof vertebratesespeciallyastherewereavailablesome excellent accounts of their osmoregulation. However, it was soon apparent to me that in order to appreciate the role of the endocrinesonemuststronglyemphasize non-endocrine functions involved in the regulation of the animals water and salt balance. In addition several years have elapsed since a full account of vertebrate osmoregulation has been given. I have thus felt free to take an overall look at the animals water and salt metabolism, but have especially emphasized more recent contributions. Possibly the book should now be called 'Osmoregulation and the Endocrines'. A rather conventionalformat has been retainedfor,despite manyclaims to the contrary, I do not feel that all things new, experimental and innovative are nec essarilydesirable. In the first two chapters I haveattemptedto introduce,and sum marize, at a general level, the two major topics, osmoregulation and endocrines, while emphasizing the diversityof suchprocesses in the vertebrates.In the second chapter I have also included a section on the 'Criteria, methods and difficulties' of experimental comparative endocrinology. I felt that this information may be useful for the reader who desires to make a critical appreciation and evaluation of many of the experiments that are described. It may, hopefully, also be useful to the younger workers interested in comparative endocrinology and help them to glean something about the sort of work that they may expect to do. The ver tebrate groups have been described within the framework of their customary classification,adecision arrived at primarilybecausethis also makes alittleevolu tionarysense. Somehave questioned the wisdomof placing the mammalsfirst,and traveling down, rather than up, the phyletic scale. However, each chapter is rea sonably complete in itselfso that those who disagree can resort to the subterfuge of reading the book backwards. I have attempted to relate the physiology of the various beasts to that of the environments that they normally occupy. At the same time I have not hesitated to descend to the morecurrentlyfashionable 'molecularlevel'. Ihopethatthismay help to remind both some of the more 'mature' readers and emphasize to the youngeronesthevery broadscopeof interestthatanimals have tooffer. Itisprinc ipally for the younger group that this book has been written. New York P.J. Bentley 1970 Acknowledgements Theobservationsofmanypeople,onlysomeofwhomarequoted,madethisbook possible. I would like to extend my thanks to all who have contributed to these subjects and only wish that itwould havebeenpossibleto acknowledgethework of all. The latterpartof thisbookwaswrittenwhileIwasaguestoftheCommissariat a L'EnergieAtomique. Iwouldliketothankthemfor theirhospitality,particularly Professeur J. Coursaget, Chef du Departernent de Biologie, and Dr. Jean Maerz and his Groupede Biologie.The help and guidance ofJean Maetzmade thelatter part of this book possible. Dr. Erik Skadhauge kindly gave me some advice on avian matters. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York kindly granted me leaveso that I could join the Commissariat aL'EnergieAtom ique. A number of nice ladies have helped me during the various stages in pre paration of this manuscript; special thanks are due to Mrs.Jean Homola, Mrs. Norma Beasley, Miss Marguerite Murphy and Mrs. Wolina Shapiro. Mywifeshowedconsiderableforbearanceand gavemuch needed help in the final preparationofthe proofs.Theeditorialhelp and adviceofDr.D.S.Farnerisgrate fully acknowledged as well as the cooperation of the staff of Springer-Verlag in Heidelberg and Mr.B. Grossmann in New York.
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