Encyclopedia of Public Health PDF
Preview Encyclopedia of Public Health
EncyclopediaofPublicHealth Wilhelm Kirch (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Public Health With75Figuresand86Tables 123 ProfessorDr.Dr.WilhelmKirch NetworkEUROlifestyle ResearchAssociationPublicHealth Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. MedicalFaculty UniversityofTechnology Fiedlerstr.27 01307Dresden,Germany [email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2008927467 ISBN:978-1-4020-5614-7 TheprintversionofthewholesetwillbeavailableunderISBN978-1-4020-5613-0. TheprintandelectronicbundleofthewholesetwillbeavailableunderISBN978-1-4020-5615-4. ©2008SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC. Allrightsreserved. Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpartwithoutthewrittenpermissionofthepublisher (SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC.,233SpringStreet,NewYork,NY10013,USA),exceptforbriefexcerptsinconnection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdevelopedisforbidden. Theuseinthispublicationoftradenames,trademarks,servicemarks,andsimilarterms,eveniftheyarenotidentifiedassuch,isnot tobetakenasanexpressionofopinionastowhetherornottheyaresubjecttoproprietaryrights. springer.com Editor:BillTucker,NewYork DevelopmentEditor:SylviaBlago,Heidelberg TypesettingandProduction:le-texpublishingservicesoHG,Leipzig CoverDesign:FridoSteinen-Broo,Spain Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11676553 2109—543210 ForGabriele,VanessaandAnne Preface Commequelqu’unpourroitdiredemoyquej’ayseulementfaicticy unamasdefleursestrangeres,n’yayantfournydumienquelefiletàleslier. “Essais”,LivreIII,ChapitreXIII MicheldeMontaigne Public Health is defined as health promotionby populationrelated measures. This is in contrast to the aims of medicine with its diagnosticsand therapy which focus on the individualpatient’s health. Approachesto Public Healthareapparentlydevelopingatdifferentspeedsinthevariouscountriesoftheworld.Butthereisacommon feelingthatthe improvedhealth ofmostofourpeoplecan onlybeachievedif aspectsofpreventionand health promotionareconsideredandpracticedmoresuccessfullythancuringthesubjects’symptomsanddiseases. For the Encyclopedia of Public Health I have selected editors for the following fields. These I consider to be relevantdisciplinesfordealingwithPublicHealth(inalphabeticalorder): 1. Biostatistics 13. HealthPromotion 2. DentalPublicHealth 14. HealthTechnologyAssessment 3. DisasterAftermath 15. IndigenousPeople’sHealth 4. Epidemiology 16. Infectious(transmissible)Diseases 5. Ethics 17. MigrantHealth 6. FamilyHealth 18. NutritionandPhysicalActivity 7. HealthBehavior 19. OccupationalandEnvironmentalHealth 8. HealthCareandRehabilitation 20. Prevention 9. HealthEconomics(BurdenofDisease) 21. PublicHealthGenetics 10. HealthInformation 22. PublicHealthLaw 11. HealthManagement 23. PublicMentalHealth 12. HealthPolicy Iwaspleasedtorecruitfortheseareas23FieldEditors,eachofwhomwroteasynopsisoftheirareaorexpertise and who are collectively responsible for producing nearly 300 essays and around 2000 definitions. Maximum qualitywasensuredbyFieldEditorsrecruitingexpertsintheirfieldtowritetheessays.Ultimately,152scientists from17countriesbecameauthorsofthisbook.Iamsincerelythankfultoallofthemforenablingustofinalize theEncyclopediaofPublicHealthinaverytimelyfashion. Dresden,April2008 WilhelmKirch Acknowledgement To my colleagues from Public Health in Dresden Dr. med. Natalie Schmitt, Dr. rer. medic. Christiane Hillger, Dr.med.dent.UrsulaSchütte,Mrs.GritNeumann,Mrs.AnjaZscheppang,Mrs.ChristianeHagedorn,Mrs.Jane Damerau,Mrs.AnnaKlamarandMrs.ClaudiaSchindlerIamsincerelythankfulforpreparingtheIndexofthe underlyingEncyclopaediaofPublicHealth.Furthermore,Iwouldliketothankforsecretaryassistanceduringthe wholetimeofeditingthisEncyclopaediaMrs.SimoneArras,Mrs.BeatrixHörgerandMrs.InesKubefrommy DresdenOffice. Field Editors Biostatistics Epidemiology PROF. DR. JELENAMARINKOVIC´ PROF. DR. SLAVENKAJANKOVIC´ InstituteofMedicalStatisticsandInformatics InstituteofEpidemiology SchoolofMedicine FacultyofMedicine UniversityofBelgrade UniversityofBelgrade Dr.Subotic´a15Silos Visegradska26 11000Belgrade,Serbia&Montenegro 11000Belgrade,Serbia&Montenegro [email protected] [email protected] DentalPublicHealth Ethics DR. URSULA SCHÜTTE& DR. PASQUALE DI MATTIA PROF. DR. MICHAELWALTER ViaS.DomenicoSavio2 DepartmentofProstheticDentistry 93100Caltanissetta DentalSchool Italy UniversityHospitalDresden [email protected] Fetscherstr.74 PROF. DR. DR. WILHELMKIRCH 01307Dresden,Germany InstituteofClinicalPharmacology [email protected] MedicalFaculty [email protected] UniversityofTechnology Fiedlerstr.27 01307Dresden,Germany [email protected] DisasterAftermath PROF. DR. ZBIGNIEW W. KUNDZEWICZ ResearchCentreforAgricultural andForestEnvironment FamilyHealth PolishAcademyofSciences DR. NATALIEM. SCHMITT Bukowska19 ResearchAssociationPublicHealth 60-809Poznañ,Poland Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. and FacultyofMedicine PotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch UniversityofTechnology Postbox601203 Fiedlerstr.33 14412Potsdam,Germany 01307Dresden,Germany [email protected] [email protected] XII FieldEditors HealthBehavior HealthManagement PROF. DR. MARTIN SIEPMANN DR. WOLFGANG BÖCKING ResearchAssociationPublicHealth AllianzSESustainabilityProgram Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. CoordinatorDistributionWorkstreams MedicalFaculty Königinstr.28 UniversityofTechnology 80802München,Germany Fetscherstr.74 [email protected] 01307Dresden,Germany [email protected] HealthPolicy HealthCareandRehabilitation DR. WOLFGANG BÖCKING AllianzSESustainabilityProgram GERNOT LENZ CoordinatorDistributionWorkstreams ResearchAssociationPublicHealth Königinstr.28 Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. 80802München,Germany MedicalFaculty [email protected] UniversityofTechnology Fetscherstr.74 01307Dresden,Germany [email protected] HealthPromotion ANDREAS FUCHS ResearchAssociationPublicHealth HealthEconomics(BurdenofDisease) Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. PROF. DR. STEFANGRESS MedicalFaculty HealthServicesResearchandHealthEconomics UniversityofTechnology DepartmentofHealthSciences Fiedlerstr.33 UniversityofAppliedSciencesFulda 01307Dresden,Germany Marquardstr.35 [email protected] 36039Fulda,Germany [email protected] DR. NICOLE WOLFRAM ResearchAssociationPublicHealth DR. FRANZ HESSEL Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. HealthEconomics&OutcomesResearch MedicalFaculty Sanofi-AventisPharmaGmbH,Germany UniversityofTechnology Selma-Lagerlöf-Str.5 Fiedlerstr.33 13189Berlin,Germany 01307Dresden,Germany franz.hessel@sanofi-aventis.com [email protected] HealthInformation HealthTechnologyAssessment DR. KATARINAPAUNOVIC´ InstituteofHygieneandMedicalEcology DR. ULFMAYWALD SchoolofMedicine AOKSachsen UniversityofBelgrade AbteilungÄrzte/Apotheken Pasterova2 Sternplatz7 11000Belgrade,Serbia&Montenegro 01067Dresden,Germany [email protected] [email protected] FieldEditors XIII IndigenousPeople’sHealth Prevention DR. JELENAM.GUDELIJ RAKIC´ DR. NICOLE WOLFRAM InstituteofPublicHealthofSerbia ResearchAssociationPublicHealth DepartmentofFoodandNutrition Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. 5DrSubotic´aStreet MedicalFaculty 11000Belgrade,Serbia&Montenegro UniversityofTechnology [email protected];[email protected] Fiedlerstr.33 01307Dresden,Germany [email protected] InfectiousDiseases DR. MONIKA KORN Liebermannstr.22 PublicHealthGenetics 24539Neumünster,Germany DR. JOCHEN SCHMITT [email protected] DepartmentofDermatology UniversityHospital Fetscherstr.74 MigrantHealth 01307Dresden,Germany PROF. DR. OLIVERRAZUM [email protected] DepartmentofEpidemiology andInternationalPublicHealth FacultyofPublicHealth UniversityofBielefeld PublicHealthLaw Universitätsstraße25 DR. DR. ADEMKOYUNCU 33615Bielefeld,Germany LawyerandPhysician [email protected] MayerBrownLLP KölnTurm,ImMediapark8 50670Köln,Germany NutritionandPhysicalActivity [email protected] DR. CHRISTIANE HILLGER ResearchAssociationPublicHealth Saxony-SaxonyAnhalte.V. MedicalFaculty PublicMentalHealth UniversityofTechnology DR. ISABELHACH Fiedlerstr.33 KlinikfürPsychiatrieundPsychotherapie 01307Dresden,Germany KlinikumNürnberg-Nord [email protected] Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str.1 90340Nürnberg,Germany [email protected] OccupationalandEnvironmentalHealth PROF. PETERBULAT InstituteofOccupationalHealth ClinicalCentreofSerbia UniversityofBelgrade Deligradska29 11000Belgrade,Serbia&Montenegro [email protected] List of Contributors ARETZ,STEFAN BELOJEVIC´, GORAN InstitutfürHumangenetik InstituteofHygieneandMedicalEcology UniversitätsklinikumBonn FacultyofMedicine Bonn UniversityofBelgrade Germany Belgrade [email protected] Serbia [email protected] BACKOVIC´, DUŠAN BÖCKING, WOLFGANG InstituteofHygieneandMedicalEcology AllianzSESustainabilityProgram FacultyofMedicine München UniversityofBelgrade Germany Belgrade [email protected] Serbia BORDE, THEDA [email protected] Alice-Salomon-Fachhochschule Berlin BARDEN-O’FALLON,JANINE Germany MEASUREEvaluation [email protected] CarolinaPopulationCenter BORJANOVIC´, SRÐAN UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill InstituteofOccupationalHealth ChapelHill,NC Belgrade USA Serbia [email protected] [email protected] BORRMANN, BRIGITTE BARSCH, GUNDULA ForschungsschwerpunktMaternalHealth,FB8 HochschuleMerseburg Humanwissenschaften/Gesundheitswissenschaften Merseburg UniversitätOsnabrück Germany Osnabrück [email protected] Germany [email protected] BAUNE, BERNHARD BRAHMBHATT, HEENA DepartmentofPsychiatry DepartmentofPopulationandFamilyHealthSciences SchoolofMedicine BloombergSchoolofPublicHealth JamesCookUniversity JohnsHopkinsUniversity Townsville,QLD Baltimore,MD Australia USA [email protected] [email protected]
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