Enabling learning in nursing and midwifery practice : a guide for mentors

270 Pages·2007·0.932 MB·English

by  Sue West, Tim Clark, Melanie Jasper

Enabling Learning in Nursing and
Midwifery Practice
A Guide for Mentors
Edited by
Sue West
Canterbury Christ Church University
Tim Clark
Canterbury Christ Church University
Melanie Jasper
Swansea University

Enabling Learning in Nursing and
Midwifery Practice

Enabling Learning in Nursing and
Midwifery Practice
A Guide for Mentors
Edited by
Sue West
Canterbury Christ Church University
Tim Clark
Canterbury Christ Church University
Melanie Jasper
Swansea University
Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester,
West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England
Telephone [phone]
Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected]
Visit our Home Page on www.wiley.com
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the
terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright
Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the
Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The
Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to [email protected], or faxed
to ([phone].
Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and
product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective owners. The Publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered.
It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional
advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.
The publisher, the editors and the contributors make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or
completeness of the contents of this work and specifi cally disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any
implied warranties of fi tness for a particular purpose. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is
not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for
every situation. The fact that an organization or website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential
source of further information does not mean that the editors, the contributors or the publisher endorse the
information the organization or website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be
aware that Internet websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was
written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work.
Neither the publisher, nor the editors, nor the contributors shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom.
Other Wiley Editorial Offi ces
John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
Jossey-Bass, 989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103-1741, USA
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Boschstr. 12, D-69469 Weinheim, Germany
John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, 42 McDougall Street, Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia
John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop #02-01, Jin Xing Distripark, Singapore 129809
John Wiley & Sons Canada Ltd, 6045 Freemont Blvd, Mississauga, ONT, L5R 4J3
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be
available in electronic books.
Anniversary Logo Design: Richard J Pacifi co
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Enabling learning in nursing and midwifery practice : a guide for mentors / edited by Sue West, Tim Clark,
Melanie Jasper.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-470-05797-1 (alk. paper)
1. Mentoring in nursing–Great Britain. 2. Nursing–Study and teaching (Preceptorship)–Great Britain.
3. Midwifery–Study and teaching–Great Britain. 4. Midwives–Training of–Great Britain. I. West, Sue, 1955-
II. Clark, Tim, 1953- III. Jasper, Melanie.
[DNLM: 1. Education, Nursing. 2. Learning. 3. Mentors. 4. Midwifery–education. WY 18 E562 2008]
RT86.45.E53 2008
610.73–dc22
2007030202
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-0-470-05797-1
Typeset in 11/13pt Bembo by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong
Printed and bound in Great Britain by Bell & Bain, Glasgow.
This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry in which at least two trees
are planted for each one used for paper production.
Contents
Preface ix
Introduction xiii
1 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MENTORING PRACTICE 1
Margaret Andrews
Introduction 2
The Practice Context 6
Chapter Summary 8
References 10
2 A GOOD PLACEMENT EXPERIENCE: THE STUDENT’S
PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR NEEDS IN THE PRACTICE
SETTING 13
Sue West
Introduction 14
Clarifying the Context: Learning as Input, Process and Outcome 14
Input: An Effective Structure for the Placement Learning
Experience 15
Process: Some of the Variables within the Learning Experience 21
Output: The End Result of the Learning Experience 24

Chapter Summary 25
References 25
3 THE REFLECTIVE MENTOR: FACILITATING LEARNING
IN THE PRACTICE SETTING 29
Melanie Jasper
Introduction 30
Being a Refl ective Mentor 30
Practice as a Learning Environment 33
Maximizing Your Own Opportunities for Development 41
Chapter Summary 42
References 43
vi CONTENTS
4 HELPING PEOPLE LEARN 45
Stevie Penfold
Introduction 45
Everyday Teaching and Learning 46
Behaviourist Theory 47
Social Learning Theory 51
Cognitive approaches to helping learners 53
Constructing Learning 56
Application of Knowledge for Practice 57
Practical Tips for Teaching and Facilitating Learning 58
Chapter Summary 60
References 61
5 DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE LEARNING RELATIONSHIPS
IN PRACTICE 65
Sheila Daykin
The Effective Mentor 68
Facilitation 74
Dysfunctional Mentor–Learner Relationships 78
Chapter Summary 79
References 80
6 LEARNING STYLES IN PRACTICE 83
Tim Clark
Introduction 83
Clarifying the Context: What Are Learning Styles? 85
Learning Styles – Whi ch One Are You? 86
Processing Information 89
Questionnaires That Examine Learning Style 90
Chapter Summary 95
References 95
7 USING INTERPERSONAL SKILLS IN MENTORING 99
Sue Riddell
Introduction 99
Phases of the Relationship 100
Attending and Listening 102
Questioning 104
Responding 107
CONTENTS vii
Feedback 109
Chapter Summary 111
References 112
8 THE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT 113
Gill Beer and Andrew Southgate
Introduction 113
Method of Learner Allocation 116
Clinical Staff 117
Nature of the Learner 119
Higher Education Institutions 124
Clinical Environment 125
Chapter Summary 130
References 130
9 THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETENCE IN NEWLY
QUALIFIED PRACTITIONERS 133
Tim Clark
Introduction 134
What is Competent Practice? 135
Preceptorship 137
What Are the Key Features? 141
Adopting a ‘Cloak of Competence’ 148
Chapter Summary 149
References 151
10 ASSESSMENT OF PRACTICE: PRINCIPLES, PROCESS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES 153
Sue West
Introduction 154
The Journey to Professional Practice 154
The Purpose of Assessment 156
Underpinning Principles 158
Assessment Criteria 161
Single Event Versus Continuous Assessment 163
Factors That Infl uence Assessment in Practice 164
Becoming Student-Centred 172
Making a Decision 173
Managing the Failing Student 174
viii CONTENTS
Chapter Summary 177
References 177
11 USE OF THE INTERNET TO SUPPORT LEARNING
IN PRACTICE 181
Susan Westerman and Emily Hurt
Introduction 181
Use of the Internet and Other New Technologies in the Higher
Education and Health-care Sectors 183
Some Potential Benefi ts and Challenges of Using the Internet
to Support Learning in Practice 185
Some Practical Applications and Illustrations of the Internet
Supporting Practice-Based Learning 187
Key Health-care Online Resources 190
The Internet Supporting Communication, Interaction and Refl ection 194
How to Manage All This Information 195
Chapter Summary 196
References 196
12 CHALLENGES IN THE INTERPROFESSIONAL AGENDA 197
Judith Parsons
Introduction 198
Why an Interprofessional Approach? 198
A Shared Vision 199
Skills in Interprofessional Facilitation of Learning 200
Moving Forward 204
Chapter Summary 206
References 206
13 WORKING AS A PROFESSIONAL: STANDARDS FOR
PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE 209
Melanie Jasper
Introduction 210
Mentors as Professional Practitioners 210
Standards for Mentoring 212
Your Role as a Mentor 222
Maintaining Your Professional Competence 228
Chapter Summary 229
References 229
Glossary of Terms 231
Index 239