Electronic Properties of High-Tc Superconductors: The Normal and the Superconducting State of High-Tc Materials

533 Pages·1993·18.163 MB·English

by  K. A. Müller (auth.), Professor Dr. Hans Kuzmany, Professor Dr. Michael Mehring, Dr. Jörg Fink (eds.)

113
Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences
Edited by Hans-Joachim Queisser
Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences
Editors: M. Cardona P. Fulde K. von Klitzing H.-J. Queisser
Managing Editor: H. K.Y. Lotsch Volumes 1-89 are listed at the end of the book
90 Earlier and Recent Aspects of Superconductivity Editors: J. G. Bednorz and K. A. Miiller
91 Electronic Properties of Conjugated Polymers III Basic Models and Applications
Editors: H. Kuzmany, M. Mehring, and S. Roth
92 Physics and Engineering Applications of Magnetism Editors: Y. Ishikawa and N. Miura
93 Quasicrystals Editors: T. Fujiwara and T. Ogawa
94 Electronic Conduction in Oxides By.N. Tsuda, K. Nasu, A. Yanase, and K. Siratori
95 Electronic Materials A New Era in Materials Science
Editors: J. R. Chelikowsky and A. Franciosi
96 Electron Liquids By A. Isihara
97 Localization and Confinement of Electrons in Semiconductors
Editors: F. Kuchar, H. Heinrich, and G. Bauer
98 Magnetism and the Electronic Structure of Crystals
By V. A. Gubanov, A. I. Liechtenstein, and A.V. Postnikov
99 Electronic Properties of High-T c Superconductors and Related Compounds
Editors: H. Kuzmany, M. Mehring, and J. Fink
100 Electron Correlations in Molecules and Solids By P. Fulde
101 High Magnetic Fields in Semiconductor Physics III
Quantum Hall Effect, Transport and Optics By G. Landwehr
102 Conjugated Conducting Polymers Editor: H. Kiess
103 Molecular Dynamics Simulations Editor: F. Yonezawa
104 Products of Random Matrices in Statistical Physics
By A. Crisanti, G. Paladin, and A. Vulpiani
105 Self-Trapped Excitons By K. S. Song and R. T. Williams
106 Physics of High-Temperature Superconductors Editors: S. Maekawa and M. Sato
107 Electronic Properties of Polymers Orientation and Dimensionality of Conjugated Systems
Editors: H. Kuzmany, M. Mehring, and S. Roth
108 Site Symmetry in Crystals Theory and Applications
By R. A. Evarestov and V. P. Smimov
109 Transport Phenomena in Mesoscopic Systems Editors: H. Fukuyama and T. Ando
110 Symmetry and Optical Phenomena in Superlattices and Other Heterostructures
By E. L. Ivchenko and G. E. Pikus
111 Low-Dimensional Electronic Systems New Concepts
Editors: G. Bauer, F. Kuchar, and H. Heinrich
112 Phonon Scattering in Condensed Matter VII
Editors: M. Meissner and R. O. Pohl
113 Electronic Properties of High-Tc Superconductors
Editors: H. Kuzmany, M. Mehring, and J. Fink
H. Kuzmany M. Mehring
1. Fink (Eds.)
Electronic Properties
of High-Tc Superconductors
The Normal and the Superconducting State
of High -Tc Materials
Proceedings of the International Winter School,
Kirchberg, Tyrol, March 7-14, 1992
With 286 Figures
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York
London Paris Tokyo
Hong Kong Barcelona
Budapest
Professor Dr. Hans Kuzmany
Institut ffir Festkorperphysik, Universitat Wien, Strudlhofgasse 4,
A-I090 Wien, Austria
Professor Dr. Michael Mehring
2. Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,
W -7000 Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. of Germany
Dr. JOrg Fink
Kemforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut fiir Nukleare Festkorperphysik, Postfach 3640,
W-7500 Karlsruhe, Fed. Rep. of Germany
Series Editors:
Professor Dr., Ores. h. c. Manuel Cardona
Professor Dr., Dr. h. c. Peter Fulde
Professor Dr., Dr. h. c. Klaus von Klitzing
Professor Dr., Ores. h. c. Hans-Joachim Queisser
Max-Planck-Institut fiir Festkorperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1,
W -7000 Stuttgart 80, Fed. Rep. of Germany
Managing Editor:
Dr. Helmut K. V. Lotsch
Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, W -6900 Heidelberg, Fed. Rep. of Germany
ISBN -13 :978-3-642-84867-4 e-ISBN-13 :978-3-642-84865-0
001: 10.1007/978-3-642-84865-0
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Electronic properties of high-Tc superconductors: the normal
and the superconducting state ofhigh-tc materials: proceedings of the international winter school, Kirchberg, Tyrol,
March 7-14, 19921 H. Kuzmany, M. Mehring, J. Fink, eds. p. cm. - (Springer series in solid-stalt; sciences; 113)
Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN -13:978-3-642-84867-4
I. High temperature superconductors-Congresses. 2. Electronic structure-Congresses. I. Kuzmany, H. (Hans),
1940-. II. Mehring, M., 1937-. III. Fink, J. (Jorg), 1938-. IV. Series. QC611.98.H54E35 1993 537.6'23-
dc20 92-37326
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Preface
The International Winter School on Electronic Properties of High-Temperature
Superconductors, held between March 7-14, 1992, in Kirchberg, (Tyrol) Austria,
was the sixth in a series of meetings to be held at this venue. Four of the earlier
meetings were dedicated to issues in the field of conducting polymers, while
the winter school held in 1990 was devoted to the new discipline of high-T c
superconductivity. This year's meeting constituted a forum not only for the large
number of scientists engaged in high-Tc research, but also for those involved
in the new and exciting field of fullerenes. Many of the issues raised during
the earlier winter schools on conducting polymers, and the last one on high-Tc
superconductivity, have taken on a new significance in the light of the discovery
of superconducting C60 materials.
The Kirchberg meetings are organized in the style of a school where expe
rienced scientists from universities, research laboratories and industry have the
opportunity to discuss their most recent results, and where students and young
scientists can learn about the present status of research and applications from
some of the most eminent workers in their field.
In common with the previous winter school on high-Tc superconductors, the
present one focused on the electronic properties of the cuprate superconductors.
In addition, consideration was given to related compounds which are relevant
to the understanding of the electronic structure of the cuprates in the normal
state, to other oxide superconductors and to fulleride superconductors. Contribu
tions dealing with their preparation, transport and thermal properties, high-energy
spectroscopies, nuclear magnetic resonance, inelastic neutron scattering, and op
tical spectroscopy are presented in this volume. The theory of the normal and
superconducting states also occupies a central position. In this school, particular
attention was paid to the application of high-Tc superconductors and the prepa
ration of thin-film high-Tc cuprates. The discussion session was devoted to the
topic of spin and charge separation in high-Tc superconductors.
This volume summarizes the tutorial and research lectures presented at the
1992 winter school at Kirchberg. We acknowledge all the authors for their con
tributions, and all those whose stimulating remarks in the discussions made this
meeting such an exciting and informative event.
As in previous years, the 1992 winter school in Kirchberg was organized
in cooperation with the "Bundesministerium fiir Wissenschaft und Forschung"
in Austria. We are particularly grateful to this ministry, to the "Kulturamt der
Tiroler Landesregierung" in Austria, to the "Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe
v
in Germany and to the "US-Anny Research, Development and Standardisation
Group" in the United Kingdom, as well as to the sponsors from industry for the
substantial financial support without which the organization of such a successful
winter school would have been impossible.
Finally, we thank the manager of the Hotel Sonnalp, Herrn J.R. Jurgeit, and
his staff for their continuous support and for their patience with the many special
arrangements required during the meeting.
Vienna H. Kuzmany
Stuttgart lVI. I\{ehring
Karlsruhe J. Fink
October 1992
VI
Contents
High-Temperature Superconductors in 1992 Welcome Address
By K.A. Muller ...................................... .
Part I General Properties, Preparation, Structure
Charge Dynamics in Metallic CU02 Layers
By B. Batlogg, H. Takagi, H.L. Kao, and I. Kwo (With 5 Figures) 5
Superconductivity in the Infinite-Layer Phase
Stabilized Under High Pressure
By M. Takano, Z. Hiroi, and M. Azuma (With 3 Figures) 13
Crystal Chemistry and Superconductivity in M(Bal_ySryhRECU20x
By X.Z. Wang and B. Hellebrand (With 2 Figures) ............... 19
Superconducting Mixed-Metal Oxide Compounds of the Type
= =
Sr2Ln1.5Ceo.sMCu2010_b, Ln Sm, Eu, M Nb, Ta
By N. Brnicevic, I. Basic, P. Planinic, M. Paljovic, M. Pozek,
B. Ravkin, A. Dulcic, U. Desnica, D. Desnica, M. Reissner, W. Steiner,
M. Forsthuber, G. Hilscher, and H. Kirchmayr (With 4 Figures) ...... 24
Part IT Applications, Film Preparation
High-Tc Superconductivity: Present Status of Applications
By H. Rietschel, R. Hott, and M. Sander ...................... 31
Recent High-Tc-SQUID Developments
By C. Heiden (With 9 Figures) ...................... . . . . . .. 37
Epitaxial YBCO Films on MgO, SrTi03, Si, and GaAs
by Thermal Coevaporation
By H. Kinder, F. Baudenbacher, P. Berberich, S. Corsepius, O. Eibl,
H.I. Guntherodt, K. Hirata, H.P. Lang, W. Prusseit, and M. Zwerger
(With 5 Figures) ..................................... .. 45
Preparation and Patterning of (110) Oriented YBaCuO Thin Films
By B. Elkin, H.-U. Habermeier, B. Leibold, and D. Shen
(With 3 Figures) ................................. . . . . .. 50
VII
YBa2Cu30,/PrBa2Cu30, Superlattices:
Properties of Ultrathin YBa2Cu30, Layers
By J.-M. Triscone, O. Brunner, L. Antognazza, L. Mieville,
and 0. Fischer ........................................ 55
Synthesis of New HTS by Pulsed Laser Deposition
By P. Schwab, X.Z. Wang, B. Hellebrand, A. Kochemasov,
and D. Bauerle (With 5 Figures) ............................ 57
Epitaxial Growth of Thin-Film BhSr2CaCu20s+x on LaAI03(OOl),
NdGa03(OOI) and MgO(OOI)
By R. de Reus, M. Nielsen, R. Seemann, A. Sewing, and R.L. Johnson
(With 1 Figure) ....................................... 62
Part III Transport Properties, Thermal Properties
Aspects of Quantum Coherence in Superconducting Rings:
Flux Quantisation in a Heavy Fermion/Niobium Hybrid Ring
and the Origin of Noise in a HTC DC SQUID
By C.E. Gough, S.G. Hammond, Y. He, C.M. Muirhead, G. Geibel,
C. Schank, F. Steglich, M.S. Colclough, and K. Char
(With 8 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 69
Effect of Thermodynamic Fluctuations on the Transport Properties
in YBaCuO Thin Films
By W. Lang, G. Heine, H. Jodlbauer, P. Schwab, X.Z. Wang,
and D. Bauerle (With 4 Figures) ............................ 83
Metallic Weak-Link Character of Grain Boundaries in High-Tc Materials
By R. Nicolsky (With 2 Figures) ........................... 88
The Chemical Potential and Thermodynamic Properties
of Narrow-Band Superconductors
By D. van der Marel and G. Rietveld ........................ 93
Nonequilibrium Properties of HTSC Under Microwave Irradiation
By A.L. Solovyev, V.M. Dmitriev, and A.B. Agafonov (With 4 Figures) 99
Hall Effect of Epitaxial YBa2Cu30,-x and BhSr2CaCu20y Films
By R. Hopfengiirtner, M. Leghissa, G. Kreiselmeyer, B. Holzapfel,
P. Schmitt, and G. Saemann-Ischenko (With 2 Figures) ............ 104
Anomalous Thermoelectric Power of the High-Tc Materials
in Normal State: Both Copper Oxides and 40 Fullerene
By Y.S. Song, E.B. Park, Y.W. Park, S.K. Han, Y.C. Kim, and M.S. Jang
(With 2 Figures) .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 108
VIII
On the Valency of Pr in (Y l-xPrx)BazCu307
By G. Schaudy, T. Holubar, M. Forsthuber, G. Hilscher,
E. Holland-Moritz, V. Nekvasil, and P. Rogl (With 4 Figures) 113
Anisotropy of Transport Properties of HTSC Monocrystals
By V. Efimov (With 3 Figures) ............................ 119
Part IV High-Energy Spectroscopies
On the Surface-Derived State of Cleaved YBaZCu307-8 Single Crystals
By R. Manzke, S. Harm, G. Mante, J. Fink, M. Knupfer,
and M. Skibowski (With 3 Figures) ......................... 127
Investigation of the Electronic Structure of High-Temperature
Superconductors by Polarized X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
By N. Niicker, E. Pellegrin, G. Roth, C. Politis, J. Fink, M. Domke,
M. Gutierez, Z.W. Hu, S. Molodsov, E. Navas, O. Strebel, G. Kaindl,
A.Krol, J.L. Peng, Z.Y. Li, R.L. Greene, S. Uchida, H. Takagi, Y. Tokura,
J. Markl, M. Klauda, G. Saemann-Ischenk 0, D. Hahn, T. Zetterer,
H.H. Otto, and K.F. Renk (With 4 Figures) .................... 134
Unusual Temperature-Dependent Behavior
of the BizSrzCaCuzOs+8 Energy Gap
By C.T. Simmons, S. Molodtsov, G. Stadermann, C. Laubschat,
and G. Kaindl (With 3 Figures) ............................ 141
Metal and Semiconductor Overlayers on BhSrzCaCuZOS+8
By R. Seemann, A. Sewing, R. Sporken, J. Ghijsen, and R.L. Johnson
(With 2 Figures) ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 145
Electronic Properties of T* -Nd1.4Ceo.zSro.4Cu04-8
By M. Klauda, P. Lunz, J. Markl, G. Saemann-Ischenko, R. Seemann,
and R.L. Johnson (With 2 Figures) .......................... 149
Part V Hyperfine Interactions, Magnetic Properties
Introduction to the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
in High-Tc Superconductors
By M. Mehring (With 3 Figures) ........................... 155
Probing the Electronic Structure of Y- Ba-Cu-O Superconductors
by Cu, 0 and Ba NQR and NMR
By D. Brinkmann (With 3 Figures) .......................... 162
IX
NMR Investigation of Low-Energy Excitations
in YBa2Cu306+x Single Crystals
By T. Auler, e. Berthier, Y. Berthier, P. Butaud, W.G. Clark, J.A. Gillet,
M. Horvatic, P. Segransan, and J.Y. Henry (With 5 Figures) ......... 168
Vortex Lattice and Vortex Motion in YBa2Cu307_6
and YBa2Cu40s Superconductors from S9y NMR
By P. Carretta and M. Corti (With 2 Figures) ................... 175
Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Spin Dynamics
in the High-Temperature Superconducting System YBa2Cu306+x
By J. Rossat-Mignod, L.P. Regnault, P. Bourges, C. Vettier, P. Burlet,
and J.Y. Henry (With 16 Figures) ........................... 180
20sTI NMR in the High-Tc Superconductor T12Ba2CaCu20s-6
By N. Winzek, J. GroB, P. Gergen, Hj. Mattausch, R. Kremer, A. Simon,
and M. Mehring (With 3 Figures) ........................... 196
Effects of Ni to Cu Substitution in La2Cu04 from 139La NQR
and Relaxation
By A. Rigamonti, J. Choisnet, M. Corti, K.O. Khutsishvili, and T. Rega
(With 5 Figures) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 200
IH-NMR in YBa2Cu307_6Hx
By J. GroB and M. Mehring (With 3 Figures) ................... 205
Probing the Flux Distribution of Thin Films by Surface Spin Probes
By O. Dobbert, M. Rtibsam, J. Geerk, and K.-P.Dinse (With 1 Figure) .. 209
Part VI Optical Spectroscopy, Raman Scattering
Possible Origins of the Continuum in the Cu-O Plane-Polarized
Raman Spectra of Copper-Oxide Superconductors
By D. Reznik, S.L. Cooper, M.V. Klein, W.e. Lee, D.M. Ginsberg,
and S.-W. Cheong (With 3 Figures) ......................... 215
Phonon Self-Energy Effects in YBa2Cu307_6 Below Tc:
The Role of Oxygen Disorder
By V.G. Hadjiev, C. Thomsen, and M. Cardona (With 2 Figures) ..... 220
Normal-State Conductivity of Cuprate Superconductors:
One-Component and Two-Component Viewpoints
By Z. Schlesinger, L.D. Rotter, R.T. Collins, F. Holtzberg, C. Feild,
U. Welp, G.W. Crabtree, J.Z. Liu, Y. Fang, and K.G. Vandervoort
(With 3 Figures) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 225
Resonant Raman Scattering in Bi2Sr2Cal_z YzCU20S+6 Single Crystals
By M. Boekholt, G. Gtintherodt, and V.V. Moshchalkov
(With 4 Figures) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 235
x