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EFFECT OF SELECT YOGIC PRACTICES AND AEROBIC EXERCISES ON SOMATOTYPE COMPONENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HEALTH RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES Dissertation submitted to the Pondicherry University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for award of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Physical Education Submitted by H. RAVIKUMAR Under the guidance of Dr. D. Sakthignanavel, M.A., M.P.Ed., M.Phil., P.G.D.Y., Ph.D Reader in Physical Education and Sports DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY PUDUCHERRY- 605 014 July 2009 Dr. D. SAKTHIGNANAVEL, M. A., M. P. Ed., M.Phil., P.G.D.Y., Ph. D., Reader, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014. CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation entitled, “EFFECT OF SELECT YOGIC PRACTICES AND AEROBIC EXERCISES ON SOMATOTYPE COMPONENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HEALTH RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES” submitted by H. Ravikumar, for the award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy is a record of research work done under my supervision during the period Feb 2003 to July 2009 and thesis has not formed the basis of the award of any Degree, Diploma, Associateship, Fellowship or any other similar title of any University or Institution. I also certify that the thesis represents an independent work on the part of the candidate. Place: Puducherry (Dr. D. SAKTHIGNANAVEL) Date: July 2009 Research Supervisor ii Dedicated to my beloved Guru Late. Dr. Amrit kumar Moses Reader YMCA College of Physical Education Nandanam, Chennai-600 035. iii CURRICULUM VITA NAME OF THE AUTHOR : H. Ravikumar PLACE OF BIRTH : Puducherry DATE OF BIRTH : 20.08.1970 COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ATTENDED Y.M.C.A College of Physical Education, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India. DEGREES AWARDED Degree of Bachelor of Physical Education and sports, 1988-1991. (BPES) Y.M.C.A College of Physical Education, Madras University, Chennai. Degree of Bachelor of Physical Education, 1991-1992. (B.P.Ed) Y.M.C.A College of Physical Education, University of Madras,Chennai. Master of Physical Education, 1992-1993. (M.P.Ed) Y.M.C.A College of Physical Education, University of Madras, Chennai. Master of Philosophy in Physical Education, 1993-1994. (M.Phil) Pondicherry University, Puducherry . Post graduate diploma in Sports Managements, 1998-1999. (PGDSM) Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India. iv AREAS OF SPECIAL INTEREST Physiology Sports Medicine Nutrition Yoga Aerobics Athletics Cricket Handball Table tennis Chess PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Physical Education Teacher Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Madhya Pradesh, 1994-95 Kendriya Vidyalaya, Cochin, Kerala, 1995-97 M.A. Govt. Hr. Se. School, Embalam, Puducherry, 1997-2001 Kamaraj Govt. Middle School., Puducherry, 2001-2006. Lecturer in Physical Education Bharathy Govt. Hr. Sec. School, Bahour, Puducherry, 2006-08 K.K. Govt. Hr. Sec. School, K.T Kuppam Puducherry, From 2008 v SPECIAL REMARKS Represented Pondicherry in Senior National Hand ball Championship 1993. Certified State level Referee in Football, Handball, Table tennis and Athletics. Certified Nutrition and wellness Advisor. vi Acknowledgement I owe a deep sense of gratitude to my guide Dr.D.Sakthignanavel, Reader Department of Physical Education and Sports, Pondicherry University for his valuable guidance and encouragement. I express my sincere thanks to Dr. P.K.Subramaniam, Head of the Department of Physical Education and Sports, Pondicherry University, who graciously and enthusiastically accepted to work on this research study. I wish to record my sincere gratitude to Mr. G.Anbazagan, Director, Department of Adi Dravidar Welfare, Puducherry and Mr. N.Gandhirajan, Deputy Director, Adi Dravidar Welfare, Puducherry for giving permission to under go the research work for the students residing in Govt. Boys Hostel, lawspet, Puducherry. I thank Dr. D.Senthilnathan, Reader, Earth Science Department, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, who accepted to be an external guide for my research study. I express my sincere thanks to Mr. R.Ramesh, Yoga instructor from Puducherry, who helped for this research study on the yogic practices. I thank Mr. M.Devaraj, Lab Technologist, Devaraj clinical lab, Lenin Street, Puducherry for his help in testing Biochemical variables. I express my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. K.Kumar, Physical Education Teacher, Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1, Puducherry, who helped me technically in video and photographic part of my research programme. vii I am very much thankful to Mr. G. Robert, Lecturer in English, Kamban Govt Hr. Sec. School, Nettapakkam, Puducherry, for going through the language part of the thesis. My sincere thanks to all lecturers in Physical Education and Physical Education Teachers of Puducherry who helped me in the completion of research programme. H.RAVIKUMAR Place : Puducherry. Date : July 2009 viii TABLES OF CONTENTS PAGE NO LIST OF TABLES xii LIST OF FIGURES xv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xvii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 Statement of the Problem Hypotheses Delimitations Limitations Definition of the Terms Significance of the Study II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 37 III METHODOLOGY 113 Selection of Subjects Experimental Design Selection of Variables Selection of test Somatotype parameters Physical fitness parameters Biochemical parameter Pilot study Orientation of Subjects Training program Collection of data Reliability of data Statistical Analysis ix IV ANALYSIS OF THE DATA AND RESULTS OF THE STUDY 148 Analysis of Data Results of the Study Discussion on Findings V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 252 Summary Conclusions Recommendations BIBLIOGRAPHY 260 Books Periodicals Theses and Project APPENDICES I Training Program on Yogic Practices 269 II Training Program on Aerobic Exercises 276 III Pre and Post test Data of Control group Anthropometric measurements 283 IV Pre and Post test Data of Control group Skinfold measurements 283 V Pre and Post test data of Control group Health Related Physical Fitness. 284 VI Pre and Post test Data of Control group Biochemical measurements 284 VII Pre and Post test Data of Yogic group Anthropometric measurements 285 VIII Pre and Post test Data of Yogic group Skinfold measurement 285 IX Pre and Post test Data of Yogic group Health Related Physical Fitness. 286 x
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