Edward III

763 Pages·2012·33.16 MB·English

by  W. Mark Ormrod

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EDWARD III
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Also in the Yale English Monarchs Series
AETHELSTAN:THE FIRST KING OF ENGLAND by Sarah Foot
EDWARDTHE CONFESSOR by Frank Barlow
WILLIAM THE CONQUERORby David Douglas*
WILLIAM REFUSby Frank Barlow
HENRY I by Warren Hollister
KING STEPHENby Edmund King
HENRY II by W.L.Warren*
RICHARDI by John Gillingham
KING JOHNby W.L.Warren*
EDWARDI by Michael Prestwich
EDWARDIIby Seymour Phillips
RICHARDIIby Nigel Saul
HENRYV by Christopher Allmand
HENRYVI by Bertram Wolffe
EDWARDIV by Charles Ross
RICHARDIII by Charles Ross
HENRYVII by S.B.Chrimes
HENRYVIII by J.J.Scarisbrick
MARY I by John Edwards
EDWARDVI by Jennifer Loach
JAMESIIby John Miller
QUEEN ANNEby Edward Gregg
GEORGEIby Ragnhild Hatton
GEORGEIIby Andrew C.Thompson
GEORGEIII by Jeremy Black
GEORGEIV by E.A.Smith
* Available in the U.S.from University of California Press
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E D WA R D I I I 5
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W. Mark Ormrod 3
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YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS 4
NEW HAVEN AND LONDON 45x
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Copyright © 2011W.Mark Ormrod
All rights reserved.This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part,in any form
(beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107and 108of the U.S.Copyright Law and
except by reviewers for the public press) without written permission from the publishers.
For information about this and other Yale University Press publications,please contact:
U.S.Office:[email protected] www.yalebooks.com
Europe Office:[email protected] www.yalebooks.co.uk
Set in Baskerville by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd
Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd,Padstow,Cornwall.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ormrod,W.M.,1957–
Edward III/W.Mark Ormrod.
p.cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-300-11910-7(cl:alk.paper)
1. Edward III, King of England, 1312–1377. 2. Great Britain—History—Edward III,
1327‒1377. 3. Great Britain—Kings and rulers—Biography. 4. Great Britain—Politics
and government—1327‒1377. I.Title.
DA233.O737 2012
942.03'7092—dc22
[B]
2011013536
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
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For Richard 10 TX
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CONTENTS 6 CT
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ILLUSTRATIONS ix 10 TX
PREFACE & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi 1
ABBREVIATED REFERENCES xv 2
NOTE ON MONEY xx 3
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1 Edward of Windsor, 1312–1322 1 5
2 Exile and Succession, 1322–1327 26 6
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3 Tutelage, 1327–1330 55
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4 England’s Little Lion, 1330–1337 90 9
5 Family and Friends, 1330–1344 120 20
6 Scourge of the Scots, 1330–1338 147 1
2
7 The Leopard and the Lily, 1331–1339 179
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8 The Edge of the Abyss, 1339–1341 212 4
9 Brittany and Back, 1341–1346 247 5
10 The Way of Victory, 1346–1347 271 6
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11 For Arthur and St George, 1344–1355 299
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12 The Road to Poitiers, 1347–1356 322 9
13 Pestilence and Politics, 1348–1358 356 30
14 The Ransoming of Rulers, 1356–1360 385 1
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15 Intimations of Empire, 1360–1368 414
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16 The House of Magnificence, 1358–1369 446 4
17 The Throne of Peace, 1360–1369 472 5
18 Retreat and Defeat, 1368–1375 498 6
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19 A Fragile Tenure, 1369–1376 524
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20 The Year of Sorrows, 1376–1377 550 9
21 Edward the Great 577 40
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604 2
APPENDIX I THE TITLES AND SEALS OF EDWARD III
APPENDIX II THE ITINERARY OF EDWARD III, 1325–1377 609 3
632 4
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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INDEX
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ILLUSTRATIONS 6
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Plates 10
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1. Edward II and Queen Isabella enthroned,from Walter de Milemete’s
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De nobilitatibus, sapientiis, et prudentiis regum, 1326–7. The Governing
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Body of Christ Church, Oxford (MS 92, fol. 4v).
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2. Edward II’s tomb at Gloucester Cathedral, c. 1330 onwards.
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© Angelo Hornak Photo Library.
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3. Edward III’s coronation ceremony, from an early fourteenth-century
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manuscript. The Master and Fellows of Corpus Christi College,
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Cambridge (MS 20, fol. 68).
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4. Second great seal of Edward III, 1327. The National Archives, Kew.
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5. York Minster, west front. © Angelo Hornak Photo Library.
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6. Edward III and Philip VI, miniature from Chroniques de France ou de
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Saint-Denis,late fourteenth century.© The British Library Board (MS
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Royal 20 C. VII, fol. 72v).
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7. Embroidered horse trapper, c. 1340. Musée National du Moyen Âge,
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Paris. © RMN/Franck Raux.
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8. Gold noble of Edward III, 1351. © The Trustees of the British
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Museum.
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9. Silver groat of Edward III, 1351. © The Trustees of the British
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Museum.
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10. Castle Rising, Norfolk. © Angelo Hornak Photo Library.
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11. Windsor castle,upper ward,in Elias Ashmole,The Institution,Laws and
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Ceremonies of the Most Noble Order of the Garter (1672). © The British
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Library Board (9930.i.37.(1.)).
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12. Richard Smirke, copy of murals showing Edward III and St George,
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formerly on the east wall of St Stephen’s Chapel, Westminster. The
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Society of Antiquaries of London.
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13. Seventh great seal of Edward III, 1360–9. The National Archives,
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Kew.
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14. Illuminated initial depicting Edward III, John II of France and
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Charles II of Navarre, from the Bohun Psalter and Hours. © The
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British Library Board (MS Egerton 3277, fol. 68v).
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15. Illuminated initial depicting Edward III and David II of Scotland,
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from a collection of fourteenth-century diplomatic documents. ©
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The British Library Board (MS Cotton Nero D. VI, fol. 61v).
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