Table Of Content

INDEX TO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, VOLUME 3, 1993 A bison, 631 Crow, T. R., 294 body mass, 506 Crumley, C. L., 377 Aber, J. D., 156, 459 Boone, R. D., 156 culture, 377 aboveground biomass, 175, 644 Borth, P. W., 719 cultured fish, 230 abundance, 506 Botkin, D. B., 595 acid deposits, 409 Bowden, R. D., 156 acidic deposition, 473 D breeding dynamics, 230 adaptive management, 213 breeding success, 230 Daily, G. C., 558 aggregation of by-catch, 221 agricultural runoff, 446 Breshears, D. D., 590 Daphnia magna, 139 brine flies, 595 DeAngelis, D. L., 30 agroecology, 74, 271 agroecosystem redesign, 39 brine shrimp, 595 debarking, 708 Briske, D. D., 24 defoliation, 271 agroecosystems, 10 Brown, J. H., 736 defoliation intensity, 175 allelopathy, 92 Brugger, K. E., 256 defoliation responses, 21 alpine, subalpine and spruce forest zones, 409 Bureau of Land Management, 218 degradation of grazed systems, 24 Burgundy, 377 Dendroctonus frontalis, 187 Amaranthus retroflexus, 74 buried seed, 682 design of conservation reserves, 202 ammonium, 315 detection, 351 Andropogon gerardii, 644 Andropogon virginicus, 167 € deterioration resistance mechanisms, 42 Diabrotica barberi, 719 Angora goats, 497 "'C technology, 654 diet quality, 631 apparent competition, 699 California, 123, 331, 417, 595 diet selection, 497 application of research, 2 Capri hircus, 497 diffusion, 187 applying ecological results, 37 captive breeding, 230 diffusion externality, 518 aquaculture, 230 carrying capacity, 743 digestion, 256 aquatic biodiversity, 230 cations, 459 dispersal, 187 aquatic microcosm, 139 cattle, 631 dissection of ecotones, 396 Arctic, 622 cattle grazing, 175 dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 139 Argentine pampas, 17 Arita, H. T., 506 Cedar Creek Natural History Area, 749 distribution, 506 CENTURY model, 666 distribution of dispersal distances, 187 artificial propagation, 230 certainty or uncertainty, 719 distribution of emergent cover and open assessment, 123 chaparral, 417 water, 279 atmospheric deposition, 473 Chenopodium album, 74 disturbance, 294, 441, 531 Auen, L. M., 644 Chile, 417 diversification, 92 B Clark, L., 262 diversionary food, 708 classification of rarity, 506 Dixon, J. D., 331 Baccharis, 417 Clean Water Act, 218 Dodd, J. L., 631 BACI statistical analysis, 331 clearcuts, 357 domestic grazers, 24 Bain, M. B., 531 Clements, L. A., 610 domestication, 271 Baltz, D. M., 246 climate, 279 Douglas-fir, 743 bark beetles, 187 climatic change, 385 dry deposition, 459 Bartolome, J. W., 27 CO,, 404, 644 Dyck, E., 39, 92 basal area, 743 CO, enrichment, 666 Dyer, M. I., 10, 175, 654 bats, 506 CO, response, 666 dynamics, 369 Bazzaz, F. A., 315 coarse filters, 218 Décamps, H., 209, 441 beaver, 518 Coleman, D. C., 654 Bell, S. S., 610 Collembola, 409 E belowground biomass, 175 Collins Johnson, N., 749 belowground habitats, 202 colonization, 417 ecological risk, 719 Belsky, A. J., 2 Comins, H. N., 666 ecological strategies for weed manage- Bence, J. R., 331 common cocklebur, 84 ment, 39 benefits of grazing, 17 community ecology, 736 ecosystem, 213, 409, 622 Bhat, M. G., 518 community structure, 246, 736 ecosystem classification, 206 big bluestem grass, 749 compensation and overcompensation, 30 ecosystem recovery, 139 bioavailability, 139 compensatory growth, 2, 21, 24, 32, 35 ecotone, 369, 377, 385, 396, 409, 417, biocontrol, 699 conservation, 221, 230, 481 424 biodiversity, 201, 209, 294, 385, 481 conservation strategies, 213 ecotones as landscape boundaries, 367 bioeconomic model, 518 copper toxicity, 139 edge effect, 357 biogeography, 385, 736 cordgrass, 123 effect size, 331 bioindicators, 622 corn, 74 effectivity, 749 biological control, 42, 682 corn rootworm, 719 effluent, 331 biological growth functions, 743 cost of reproduction, 271 Ehrlich, P. R., 558 biome, 369, 385 Costanza, R., 579 elevated CO,, 644 biphasic plant growth response, 10 Coyne, P. I., 644 elevation, 459 birch, 315 Crabtree, R. C., 315 elk, 35 bird damage, 256 Craft, C. B., 446 Ellis, J. M., 459 bird repellent, 262 crop breeding, 271 emergence, 53 bird species richness, 357 crop rotation, 92 empirical models, 307 birds, 322 crop trees, 708 endangered species, 123, 351, 506 760 INDEX Ecological Applications Vol. 3, No. 4 Endangered Species Act, 206, 218 grassland ecosystem 10, 37 information needs of natural resources English-Loeb, G. M., 699 grassland primary production, 37 managers, 21 environmental change, 377 grazing, 30, 32, 35, 37 integrated management, 294 environmental degradation, 622 grazing avoidance vs. tolerance, 21 integrated pest management, 256 environmental impact assessment, 331 grazing management, 24 integrated plant-soil model, 666 environmental impacts, 595 grazing optimality, 10 integrated weed management, 42 environmental management tools, 719 grazing optimization hypothesis, 24 interactions, 369 environmental variation, 595 grazing resistance, 21 intercropping, 92 Eradat-Oskoui, K., 74 grazing systems, 27 interference effects, 84 European climate history, 377 grazing theory, 1 interference responses, 84 European Starlings, 256 grebes, 595 interspecific competition, 699 expert panels, 595 Green, R. H., 351 introduced species, 246 extractable soil nitrogen, 156 Green, T. H., 167 ionic copper, 139 Gross, M. R., 230 Irwin, L. L., 213 Y groundwater, 307 feeding damage, 708 gulls, 595 J feeding habits, 506 Johnson, W. C., 279 Fernandez, I. J., 473 H Johnston, C. A., 424 fertilization, 749 habitat, 385, 481 Jordan, N., 84 fish communities, 531 habitat evaluation criteria, 123 Fleming, I. A., 230 habitat heterogeneity, 497 K Florida, 610 Florida Everglades, 446 habitat protection, 206 Kansas, 644 fluvial ecosystems, 209 habitat restoration, 610 Karban, R., 699 fluxes, 424 habitat use, 531 Kastendiek, J., 331 foliar chemistry, 156 Hakonson, T. E., 590 kelp forest invertebrates, 331 food habits, 631 Ham, J. M., 644 Kinsolving, A. D., 531 forage selection, 631 Hansen, A. J., 481 Klenner, W. E., 708 foraging behavior, 631 hatcheries, 230 Knapp, A. K., 644 foraging effort, 497 heavy grazing, 17 Kodric-Brown, A., 736 Forcella, F., 74 Helfman, G. S., 569 Konza Prairie Research National Area, fffooorrreeesssttt dccaaanmnooappgiyee ,s ,p r5o12c80e 2s ses, 473 hhheeerrmbbl -osdcihkvr-eurhbsa irtiydn,wt oe4or1ad7cst ,i ons2,9 4 417 KKrrey1m7u5ec rh,k ovR,. JV.., 4V2. , 622 forest density, 743 herbicides, 39 Kurdziel, J., 610 herbivore, 30 forest ecology, 473 herbivore optimization, 2, 35 forest fragmentation, 357 L herbivore optimization theory, 30 forest insects, 187 herbivory, 30, 32, 271, 682 landscape, 209, 441, 631 forest management, 213, 708 herbivory feedbacks, 10 landscape and gap models, 481 forest production, 666 heroic megafauna, 202 landscape connectivity, 202 Forest Service, 218 hierarchical ecological levels, 21 landscape ecology, 213, 294, 357, 377, forest yield, 743 hierarchical levels, 30 481 forested ecosystems, 10 hierarchy, 369 landscape matrix, 202 Franklin, J. F., 202 high-seas driftnets, 221 landscape structure, 294 Freckman, D. W., 654 frequency, 175 Hilborn, R., 550 Lathrop, R. G., 459 historical analogues, 377 law of constant final yield, 743 freshwater biodiversity, 218 freshwater wetland, 446 7 history, 175 Lawrence, G. B., 473 frugivory, 262 Hofman, R. J., 573 leaf growth, 404 holistic resource management, 2 learned aversion, 262 fruit, 256, 262 Holling, C. S., 552 Lee, K. N., 560 Fuentes, E. R., 417, 576 Hougen-Eitzman, D., 699 Lenhart, S. M., 518 functional equivalency, 610 Huffaker, R. G., 518 Leslie matrix, 322 fungal communities, 749 human processes affect ecotones, 367 Letters to the Editor, 590 human-environment relations, 377 Levin, S. A., 1, 201, 545 G humus substances, 409 Liebman, M., 39, 92 Garman, S. L., 481 Hunter, M. L., Jr., 357 life cycle, 682 Huston, M. A., 30 life history trade-offs, 271 Gaussian sequential simulations, 719 hydroelectric dams, 531 Liquidambar styraciflua, 167 geographic information system (GIS), 279, 294, 377, 459 hydrologic connectivity, 209 livestock grazing, 2, 27 geostatistics, 424, 719 hydrology, 307, 446 livestock husbandry, 17 girdling, 708 hyporheic zones, 202 lodgepole pine, 708 logistic growth theory, 743 Gjerstad, D. H., 167 I Longitarsus jacobaeae, 682 global warming, 404 Glover, G. R., 167 incomplete data, 736 Lovett, G. M., 459 Ludwig, D., 550, 555 Gosz, J. R., 369 indicator sequential simulations, 719 gradients, 531 indirect effects, 699 Lycopersicon esculentum, 271 grapevines, 699 induced resistance, 699 M grasshopper grazing, 654 industrial pollution, 622 grassland, 30, 417 inferencing systems, 213 macroinfauna, 610 November 1993 INDEX 761 Magill, A., 156 nitrogen, 175, 424, 459 polychaete, 610 Maine, 357 nitrogen leaching, 156 population dynamics, 322, 699, 708 management of natural areas, 631 Noble, I. R., 396 power, 351 management of public land, 2 Nol, P., 256 power law, —3/2, or self-thinning rule, managing natural resources, 37 nonchemical weed control, 84 743 Mangel, M. S., 221, 573 nonlinear responses, 10 prairie wetlands, 279 Marks, B., 481 Norse, E. A., 573 precipitation, 459 marsh, 123 northern mixed prairie, 631 presence, 351 Martinez, E., 417 northern right whale dolphin, 221 primary production, 30, 32, 156 Mason, J. R., 262 Northern Spotted Owls, 213 Prosopis veluntina, 307 matorral, 417 Noy-Meir, I., 32 Protura, 409 maximization of production, 175 nuclear power plants, 331 McEvoy, P. B., 682 null models, 246 Q McMutrtrie, R. E., 666 nutrient cycling, 666 quantifying uncertainty and risk, 719 McNaughton, S. J., 17, 654 nutrient limited, 666 quantitative measure of dispersal, 187 McPherson County, South Dakota, 631 Meador, J. P., 139 O R measurements of ecotone change, 367 observer coverage, 221 measurements of ecotone location, 367 Rallus longirostris levipes, 123 Odocoileus virginianus, 497 mediterranean-type ecosystems, 417 range management, 1, 2, 21, 27, 32 old growth, 294 Melillo, J. M., 156 rangelands, 30 old-growth forests, 206 methyl anthranilate, 262 Raphael, M. G., 322 Ollinger, S. V., 459 Meyer, J. L., 569 rare species, 351 open coast, 331 Michigan, 294 rarity, 506 operational application, 708 microbial ecology, 42 rates of ecotone movement, 396 optimality principle, 518 Millham, S. E., 459 recovery, 531 Oregon watershed, 481 misinterpreting research results, 2 red squirrel, 708 organic soil, 446 missing data, 736 Red-cockaded Woodpeckers, 213 Orians, G. H., 206 Mitchell, R. J., 167 regional change vs. global change, 441 overcompensation, 35, 37, 175 mitigation, 123 remote imaging, 369 overgrazing, 2, 35 mixed cattle and elk grazing, 35 reproductive divergence, 230 Owensby, C. E., 644 Mladenoff, D. J., 294 reserve design, 294 model, 187 resource allocation, 271 modelling, 322, 385, 396, 404, 666 P resource competition, 92 models of ecotone processes, 367 Pacific Northwest, 481 restoration, 123, 294 Mohler, C. L., 53 Richardson, C. J., 446 Pacific salmon, 230 molluscs, 351 riparian corridor, 209 Painter, E. L., 2 monitoring climate change, 396 riparian function, 441 Panicum coloratum L., 654 Mono Lake, 595 riparian vegetation, 307 parasites, 749 monoculture, 92 Risenhoover, K. L., 497 Pastor, J., 294 Monte Carlo, 719 Risser, P. G., 37, 367 patch size, 357 Mooney, H. A., 564 Rittenhouse, L. R., 21 path analysis, 84 Moore, J. A., 743 river margins, 441 Patten, D. T., 35, 595 Morrison, M. L., 322 riverine biodiversity, 531 Perry, M. A., 167 mountain ecology, 404 rivers, 531 phalaropes, 595 mowing, 175 root biomass, 644 Phillips, C. I., 256 Moyle, P. B., 246 Rossi, R. E., 719 phosphorus, 424 multiple-use management, 481 Rubenstein, D. I., 585 phytophagous nematodes, 654 multispecies management, 206 Rudd, N. T., 682 Picoides borealis, 213 multivariate analyses, 654 Rudnicky, T. C., 357 Pinus contorta, 708 Murden, S. B., 497 Rusek, J., 409 Pinus taeda, 167 mutualists, 749 mycorrhizae, 654 Pitelka, F. A., 566 S Pitelka, L. F., 566 plant communities, 409 Sacramento River drainage, 246 N plant fecundity, 682 Sala, O. E., 564 N mineralization, 156 plant fitness, 21 salinity effects, 595 Naiman, R. J., 209 plant interference, 84 salt marsh, 123 National Forest Management Act, 218 plant physiological status, 21 Salwasser, H., 587 National Parks and Wilderness Areas, plant population dynamics, 682 sample size, 351 202 plant survivorship, 682 sampling, 351 national wildlife refuges, 218 plant—animal interactions, 24 Schroeter, S. C., 331 native grazing ecosystems, 17 plowing, 53 sciurids, 708 natural communities, 218 Plumb, G. E., 631 seagrass, 610 natural enemy, 682 Poa pratensis, 644 Seastedt, T. R., 10, 175 natural processes affect ecotones, 367 Poiani, K. A., 279 secondary production, 610 natural vs. planted marshes, 123 Poisson, 351 sediment, 424 Neilson, R. P., 385 Policansky, D., 583 seed bank, 682 Newberry, J. D., 743 policy, 209 seed distribution, 53 nitrate, 315 Pollock, M., 209 seed dormancy, 42, 74 nitrification, 156 pollution, 331 seedling emergence, 74 762 INDEX Ecological Applications Vol. 3, No. 4 seeds, 53 Steudler, P. A., 156 vertebrate pest control, 256 selectivity, 27, 497 stochastic conditional simulation, 719 vertebrates, 481 semi-arid rangelands, 2, 21, 27 stream fishes, 246 vertebrates and vascular plants vs. in- sensitivity of ecotones to environmen- streamflow regulation, 531 vertebrates and small organisms, 202 tal change, 367 Strix occidentalis caurina, 213 vesicular—arbuscular mycorrkizae, 749 sensory irritant, 262 Stromberg, J. C., 307 viable populations, 218 Serengeti, 17 sucrose, 256 serial correlation, 331 sulfur, 459 WwW Setaria glauca, 74 Sullivan, T. P., 708 Setaria viridis, 74 supplementation, 230, 497 Wagner, S. W., 74 Sevilleta, New Mexico, 369 survival, 53 water, 424 shade tolerance, 315 sustainability forum, 545-587 water gradients, 307 shaping public opinion, 2 sustainability of grazed systems, 24 water stress, 167 shrubland, 417 sustainable agriculture, 74 water stress integral, 167 Sibley, T. H., 139 water table reduction, 307 Sierra Nevada, California, 322 water-use efficiency, 644 T silviculture, 213 waterfowl habitat, 279 simulation models, 481 tallgrass prairie, 175, 644 watershed, 424 Slobodkin, L. B., 571 Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, 708 weed, 53, 682 Smith, R. O., 331 Tatra National Park, Slovak Republic, weed control, 74 snag population dynamics vs. fire history, 409 weed ecophysiology, 92 322 Taub, F. B., 139 weed management, 92 snags, 322 temporal and spatial scales, 10 weed population ecology, 92 social science information cf. ecological Thoeny, W. T., 187 weed seed bank, 42 information, 377 threatened wildlife, 213 weed-crop interaction, 84 Socolow, R. H., 581 threshold, 369 Welter, S. C., 271 soil animals, 409 throughfall, 473 western Great Lakes, 294 soil environment, 42 tillage, 53, 92 western rangelands, 35 soil moisture, 167 time budget, 631 wet deposition, 459 soil organic matter storage, 666 tolerance, 271 wetland, 123, 424 soil pH, 409 Tollefson, J. J., 719 wetland hydrology, 279 soil solution chemistry, 156 tomato, 271 Whicker, F. W., 590 soils, 409 transients, 708 White Clay Lake, Wisconsin, 424 sole cropping, 92 transition, 369 White, M. A., 294 Sonoran Desert, Arizona, 307 tree decay, 322 white-tailed deer, 497 source-sink carbon movements, 654 Tress, J. A., 307 Wiens, J. A., 595 southern pine beetle, 187 Trlica, M. J., 21 Wigley, T. B., 213 Southwest, 35 turbidity, 331 Wilcove, D. S., 218 soybean, 74, 84 Turchin, P. B., 187 wildlife management, 279, 518 space/time scales and hierarchy of eco- Tamer, C. L., 10, 175 Wilkins, S. D., 307 tones, 367 Twiss, J. R., Jr., 573 wind, 404, 424 Spartina foliosa, 123 two-timing, 666 Wisconsin, 294 spatial and temporal variability, 441 Tyria jacobaeae, 682 Woodward, F. I., 404 spatial distribution, 424 spatial heterogeneity, 187 U Xx spatial simulation model of vegetation unionid, 351 dynamics, 279 xylem pressure potential, 644 United Nations resolutions on driftnets, spatial statistics, 294 221 spatiotemporal trapping, 518 Upper Coastal Plain, 167 ¥ specificity of growing conditions, 37 spider mites, 699 Urban, D. L., 481 Yellowstone National Park, 35 spruce-fir forests, 473 Vv Young, R. C., 351 squawfish, 246 standing dead trees, 322 vegetation, 385 Zz starling, 262 vegetation change vs. water-level statistical power, 221, 331 change, 279 Zedler, J. B., 123, 577 Steggall, J. W., 271 vegetation characteristics vs. water Zhang, L., 743 stem water potential, 307 availability, 307 Zutter, B. R., 167 EXTENT AND NATURE OF CIRCULATION. Average number of copies of each issue published during the preceding twelve months: (A) total number of copies printed, 3500; (B.1) sales through dealers and carriers, street vendors and counter sales, 0; (B.2) paid mail subscriptions, 2540; (C) total paid circulation, 2540; (D) samples, complimentary, and other free copies, 72; (E) total distribution, 2612; (F.1) office use, left over, unaccounted, spoiled after printing, 888; (F.2) returns from news agents, 0; (G) total, 3500. Actual number of copies of single issue published nearest to filing date: (A) total number of copies printed, 3500; (B.1) sales through dealers and carriers, street vendors and counter sales, 0; (B.2) paid mail subscriptions, 2831; (C) total paid circulation, 2831; (D) samples, complimentary, and other free copies, 72; (E) total distribution, 2903; (F.1) office use, left over, spoiled after printing, 597; (F.2) returns from news agents, 0; (G) total, 3500. oe