Eco-Friendly Waterborne Polyurethanes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

457 Pages·2022·31.642 MB·English

by  Ram K. Gupta, Ajay Kumar Mishra

ECO-FRIENDLY
WATERBORNE
POLYURETHANES

ECO-FRIENDLY
WATERBORNE
POLYURETHANES
Synthesis, Properties, and
Applications
Edited by
Ram K. Gupta and Ajay Kumar Mishra
First edition published 2022
by CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: Gupta, Ram K., editor. | Mishra, Ajay Kumar, 1965- editor.
Title: Eco-friendly waterborne polyurethanes : synthesis, properties, and applications /
edited by Ram K. Gupta and Ajay Kumar Mishra.
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2022. | Includes bibliographical
references and index. | Summary: "Waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) exhibit many advantages
over conventional volatile organic compounds (VOCs) based polyurethanes and have emerged
as an environmentally friendly alternative. WPUs offer an opportunity to use sustainable raw
materials to produce environmentally sustainable polymers, particularly, polyols derived from
vegetable oils. This book provides state-of-the-art knowledge of the synthesis, application, and
property enhancement of WPUs. Written for polymer chemists, materials scientists, and other
researchers and industry, this book serves as a comprehensive reference for readers interested in
the development and application of sustainable polymers"‐‐ Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021047626 (print) | LCCN 2021047627 (ebook) | ISBN
9781032002866 (hbk) | ISBN 9781032002873 (pbk) | ISBN 9781003173526 (ebk)
Subjects: LCSH: Polyurethanes. | Polymerization–Environmental aspects. | Water-soluble
polymers. | Green chemistry.
Classification: LCC TP1180.P8 E35 2022 (print) | LCC TP1180.P8 (ebook) | DDC 668.4/
239–dc23/eng/20211122
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021047626
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021047627
ISBN: 978-1-032-00286-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-00287-3 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-17352-6 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003173526
Typeset in Times
by MPS Limited, Dehradun
Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................ix
Editors’ Biographies.................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Introduction to Waterborne Polyurethanes.........................................1
Felipe M. de Souza, Prashant Kote, and Ram K. Gupta
Chapter 2 Chemistry and Technology of Waterborne Polyurethanes..............17
Naresh A. Rajpurohit, Kaushalya Bhakar, Dinesh Kumar, and
Meena Nemiwal
Chapter 3 Green Materials for Waterborne Polyurethanes...............................31
Felipe M. de Souza, Prashant Kote, and Ram K. Gupta
Chapter 4 Eco-Friendly Synthesis for Waterborne Polyurethanes...................47
Pavan M. Paraskar, Vinod M. Hatkar, and
Ravindra D. Kulkarni
Chapter 5 Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Waterborne
Polyurethanes.....................................................................................65
Sanam Amiri, Hossein Nazokdast, Gity Mir Mohamad Sadeghi,
Shervin Ahmadi, and Sahar Amiri
Chapter 6 Nanocomposites of Waterborne Polyurethanes................................83
Samiran Morang and Niranjan Karak
Chapter 7 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Flexible and Rigid Foams.............101
Hilal Olcay and E. Dilara Kocak
Chapter 8 Flame-Retardant Waterborne Polyurethanes..................................119
Giulio Malucelli
Chapter 9 Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Smart
Waterborne Polyurethanes...............................................................137
Ronglan Wu and Wei Wang
v
vi Contents
Chapter 10 Shape Memory Waterborne Polyurethanes....................................157
Arunima Reghunadhan, Sabu Thomas, and Jiji Abraham
Chapter 11 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Self-Healing Applications.............177
Masoumeh Kianfar, Shiva Mohajer, and
Mir Saeed Seyed Dorraji
Chapter 12 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Biomedical Applications...............193
Abbas Mohammadi, Mahtab Eslamieh, Negar Salehi, and
Saman Abrishamkar
Chapter 13 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Tissue Engineering........................213
D.E. Mouzakis and Styliani Papatzani
Chapter 14 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Biodegradable Coatings................231
Sukanya Pradhan, Smita Mohanty, and Sanjay Kumar Nayak
Chapter 15 Recent Developments in Waterborne Polyurethanes for
Coating Applications.......................................................................253
Verónica L. Mucci, Mirta I. Aranguren, Javier I. Amalvy, and
María E. V. Hormaiztegui
Chapter 16 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Weather Protective Coatings.........267
Sonalee Das
Chapter 17 Recent Developments in Waterborne Polyurethanes for
Corrosion Protection........................................................................287
Felipe M. de Souza, Muhammad Rizwan Sulaiman, and
Ram K. Gupta
Chapter 18 Waterborne Polyurethane for Electrically Conductive
Coating.............................................................................................305
Sheraz Iqbal, Tauqir A. Sherazi, Tahir Rasheed, and
Muhammad Bilal
Chapter 19 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Electrical Applications..................321
V. Dhinakaran, P.M. Bupathi Ram, S. Narain Kumar,
M. Tharun Kumar, K.P. Manoj Kumar, and M. Varsha Shree
Contents vii
Chapter 20 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Sensors...........................................333
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Abel Inobeme, Kshitij RB Singh,
Olugbemi T. Olaniyan, John Tsado Mathew, Jay Singh,
Vanya Nayak, and Ravindra Pratap Singh
Chapter 21 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Sealants..........................................355
Mehrdad Fallah, Amir Ershad Langroudi, and Aida Alavi
Chapter 22 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Packing Industries.........................375
Saima Zulfiqar, Rida Badar, and Muhammad Yar
Chapter 23 Waterborne Polyurethanes for Automobile Industries...................393
Ayesha Kausar
Chapter 24 Non-Isocyanate-Based Waterborne Polyurethanes.........................407
Marcin Włoch and Iga Carayon
Chapter 25 Waterborne Polyurethanes: Challenges and Future Outlook.........433
Felipe M. de Souza and Ram K. Gupta
Index......................................................................................................................441

Preface
Polyurethane is one of the fastest-growing polymer industries. Polyurethanes are
heavily used in consumer as well as industrial products. Based on recent advances
in polymer science, polyurethanes find advanced applications in a range of areas,
such as automobiles, adhesives, coatings, flame retardants, smart polymers, and
biomedical products. Waterborne polyurethanes have exhibited many advantages
over conventional volatile organic compound-based polyurethanes and have
emerged as one of the environmentally friendly alternatives. With the growing
environmental awareness, waterborne polyurethanes offer an opportunity to use
sustainable raw materials to produce environmentally sustainable polymers,
particularly polyols derived from vegetable oils. Waterborne polyurethanes’
manufacturing process is known to be similar to the existing manufacturing
process used for conventional polyurethanes; hence, there can be a seamless
transfer of the technology. Waterborne polyurethanes are derived from the same
reaction used to synthesize polyurethanes; however, eco-friendly solvents are used
instead of volatile organic compounds.
The main purpose of this book is to provide current state-of-the-art knowledge on
the chemistry involved in the synthesis of waterborne polyurethanes to attract a wider
audience. Also, this book will provide a new guideline for the preparation of green
polyurethanes for the industry. This book covers the current status and development in
the field of waterborne polyurethanes. A wide range of synthetic approaches used
to prepare waterborne polyurethanes from biosources, including green internal
emulsifiers, neutralizers, and isocyanate-free routes are covered. The approaches
discussed in this book for the synthesis and applications of waterborne polyurethanes
not only provide eco-friendly and green polymers but also enable the use of bio-
renewable materials for a sustainable future. This book provides fundamentals as well
as advanced concepts to readers for developing new ideas and approaches to obtain
eco-friendly polyurethanes. Many advanced applications of waterborne polyurethanes,
such as coatings, corrosion inhibition, adhesives, sealants, antibacterial, self-healing
polyurethanes, etc., are covered.
ix