Early Modern Streets: A European Perspective

239 Pages·2022·41.794 MB·English

by  Danielle van den Heuvel

Early Modern Streets
For the first time, Early Modern Streets unites the diverse strands of scholarship
on urban streets between circa 1450 and 1800 and tackles key questions on
how early modern urban society was shaped and how this changed over time.
Much of the lives of urban dwellers in early modern Europe were played out
in city streets and squares. By exploring urban spaces in relation to themes such
as politics, economies, religion and crime, this edited collection shows that
streets were not only places where people came together to work, shop and eat,
but also to fight, celebrate, show their devotion and express their grievances.
The volume brings together scholars from different backgrounds and applies
new approaches and methodologies to the historical study of urban experience.
In doing so, Early Modern Streets provides a comprehensive overview of one of
the most dynamic fields of scholarship in early modern history.
Accompanied by over 50 illustrations, Early Modern Streets is the perfect
resource for all students and scholars interested in urban life in early modern
Europe.
Danielle van den Heuvel is Associate Professor in Early Modern History at
the University of Amsterdam and Director of the Amsterdam Centre for Urban
History. Her research focuses on cities and encompasses aspects of gender, spatial
and digital history.
Early Modern Themes
Books in the Early Modern Themes series are aimed at upper level undergraduate
and postgraduate students who are looking more deeply at thematic topics in the
early modern period. They combine chapters offering a synthesis of the topic as
it stands, the key historiographical debates, and the cutting edge research which
is driving the field forward.
Early Modern Emotions
An Introduction
Edited by Susan Broomhall
Early Modern Childhood
An Introduction
Edited by Anna French
Early Modern Things
Objects and their Histories, 1500–1800, 2nd edition
Edited by Paula Findlen
Early Modern Court Culture
Edited by Erin Griffey
Early Modern Streets
A European Perspective
Edited by Danielle van den Heuvel
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/
Early-Modern-Themes/book-series/EMT
Early Modern Streets
A European Perspective
Edited by Danielle van den Heuvel
Designed cover image: Stadsgezicht, Jacob Vrel, 1654–1662, Courtesy of
the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
First published 2023
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Danielle van den Heuvel; individual
chapters, the contributors
The right of Danielle van den Heuvel to be identified as the author of the
editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been
asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
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any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-138-59983-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-59984-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-20210-3 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003202103
Typeset in Bembo
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
Contents
List of figures vii
List of contributors xii
Acknowledgements xv
PART I
Contours and foundations 1
1 Framing the street 3
DANIELLE VAN DEN HEUVEL
2 Sources and methods for studying historical streets 28
FABRIZIO NEVOLA
3 Representing the street in words and images 50
MELISSA CALARESU
4 Sensing the street 81
CATHERINE RICHARDSON
PART II
Street use 109
5 Street politics 111
MAARTJE VAN GELDER
6 Street economies 134
ANNE MONTENACH
vi Contents
7 Religion in the streets 160
SUZANNA IVANIČ
8 Street crimes 185
MARION PLUSKOTA AND SANNE MUURLING
Further reading 210
Index 216
Figures
1.1 Florentine street scene with twelve figures, by anonymous, dated
1540–1560, oil on panel, 85 × 71.5 cm 4
1.2 Whitehall (including paving), by William Marlow (1740–
1813), dated c. 1775, oil on canvas, 71.1 × 91.1 cm 6
1.3 A new city district without streets: Amsterdam Bijlmer in the
1970s. Luchtfoto Bijlmer Oost, dated 1975 7
1.4 A street outside the city walls of Zwolle, by Gerard ter Borch (II)
(1617–81), dated c. 1631–1633, pen on paper 10
1.5 A Paris Courtyard in 1865, by Charles Jacque (1813–94), dated
c. 1865, etching, 46 × 34 cm 12
1.6a and 1.6b Old and New London: The Medieval City with its
irregular street pattern (right) and Westminster with straight
lines and rectangular squares (left). Map of London in three
parts (left and middle part), by anonymous, dated 1736 14
1.7 Women arguing in a city street, by Jan Brandes (1743–1808),
dated 1778, pencil on paper, 32.7 × 20.8 cm 19
1.8 A daily stroll to church. 10 August, the daily passage while
having breakfast, by Christiaan Andriessen (1775–1846), dated
1807, drawing, 18 × 25.6 cm 21
2.1 The City at Peace (or Good Government in the City), scene
from the fresco An Allegory of Good and Bad Governments, by
Ambrogio Lorenzetti (1285–1348), dated 1338–40, fresco,
296 × 1398 cm 30
2.2 The City at Peace, the architecture (manipulated version of
Figure 2.1, by Ross Davidson with Fabrizio Nevola, redrawn
by Luca Brunke) 31
2.3 The City at Peace, people and their activities (manipulated
version of Figure 2.1, by Ross Davidson with Fabrizio
Nevola, redrawn by Luca Brunke) 32
2.4 Town Scene depicting Rua Nova dos Mercadores in Lisbon, Portugal,
dated c. seventeenth century, oil on canvas 33
2.5 Screenshot of the Dubrovnik: Civitas et Acta Consiliorum
website showing the mapping interface 40
viii Figures
2.6 Screenshot of the Hidden Cities website showing the map
interface with brief articles related to specific sites in the city,
linked to the Hidden Exeter app 42
2.7 Screenshot of the Hidden Exeter app showing the home screen
for the ‘Dissolution and Dissent’ tour 44
3.1 The ideal city, Urbino, by anonymous, dated c. 1480s, oil on
panel, 239.4 × 67.7 cm 53
3.2 Perspective view of a street on a raised level in Florence, seen
from slightly above, with five steps at centre foreground; one
of ten small views of Florentine scenes on the sides of a large
bird’s-eye view of Florence, second from top right, cut out, by
Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–77), dated c. 1627–36, etching on
paper, 8.3 × 10.3 cm 54
3.3 Seventeen cuttings from the borders of the 1673 plan An exact
delineation of the famous city of Bristoll and suburbs, by James
Millard (c. 18th c.), etching on paper, 19.8 × 21 cm 55
3.4 Frontispiece from Gaigne Petit, Le Cris de Paris, by Simon
Francis Ravenet (1706–64), after François Boucher
(1703–70), dated c. 18th c. etching and engraving,
30 × 20.2 cm 59
3.5 Rare mackerel, by Paul Sandby (1731–1809), dated 1760,
etching on paper, 21.8 × 16 cm 61
3.6 Winter, Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–77), dated 1643, etching on
paper, 26.2 × 18.3 cm 63
3.7 Second stage of cruelty from ‘The four stages of cruelty’, first state
of the two, by William Hogarth (1697–1764), dated 1751,
etching and engraving, 38.8 × 31.9 cm 65
3.8 Adolf and Catharina Croeser, Known as ‘The Burgomaster of Delft
and his Daughter’, by Jan Havicksz. Steen (1626–79), dated
1655, oil on canvas, 106 × 96 cm 67
3.9 Coronation Procession of Charles II Through London from John
Ogilby, The Entertainment of . . . Charles II, by Wenceslaus
Hollar (1607–77), dated 1662, etching on paper, 37.5 × 49 cm 69
3.10 View of Houses in Delft, Known as ‘The Little Street’, by
Johannes Vermeer (1632–75), dated c. 1658, oil on canvas,
54.3 × 44 cm 71
4.1 Het Varken op de Leer met Gezicht op de Haarlemmerpoort
(Slaughtered Pig with View of the Haarlemmerpoort), by
Michiel van Musscher (1645–1705), dated 1668, oil on
canvas, 87 × 75.5 cm 82
4.2 Streetseller of metal kitchenware, by Giuseppe Maria Mitelli
(1634–1718), after Annubale Caracci (156–1609), etching on
paper, 28 × 19 cm 84
4.3 Bell with Apostles, bronze, Austria/Slovenia, second half of
the fourteenth century 86
Figures ix
4.4 Shoe with protective patten, brocade, Venice, start of
eighteenth century 89
4.5 Pomander in the shape of a ship, enameled gold, Europe,
1550–1625, 4.1 × 4 cm 93
4.6 Beer Street showing a multitude of street obstructions including
signs, by William Hogarth (1697–1764), dated 1751, etching
and engraving, 39 × 32.5 cm 97
4.7 A woman standing in front of a public library. Beauty in
search of knowledge, by anonymous, after John Raphael Smith
(1751–1812), dated 1782, mezzotint on paper, 35.3 × 25.2 cm 101
4.8 NOVA FÆLIX ARABIA, the arch in Soper Lane, from The
Arches of Triumph Erected in Honour of the High and Mighty
Prince James . . . at his Majesty’s Entrance and Passage Through his
Honourable City and Chamber of London Upon the 15th Day of
March 1603, Stephen Harrison, c. 1613, etching on paper 103
5.1 Procession representing 40 French men, who had been
captured by corsairs and were subsequently redeemed from
Tunis and Algiers by the Order of the Trinitarians. They
are depicted in chains, walking towards their home town.
Procession of redeemed Christian captives into Paris, 1641, by Jan
Luyken (1649–1712), dated 1684, etching on paper, 18.3 ×
28.3 cm. Originally published in Pierre Dan, Historie van
Barbaryen, en des zelfs zee-roovers (. . .) 2 dln (Amsterdam 1684) 117
5.2 Representation of an orderly procession in Piazza San Marco,
with no trace of any onlookers. Part of Habiti d’huomeni e
donne venetiane con la processione della Ser.ma Signoria et altri
particolari cioè trionfi feste et cerimonie publiche della nobilissima
città di Venetia, by Giacomo Franco (1550–1620), dated 1610,
etching on paper, 19.5 × 26.3 cm 118
5.3 Procession of Sultan Süleyman through the Atmeidan or
Hippodrome, from the frieze Ces moeurs et fachons de faire de
Turcz (Customs and Fashions of the Turks), after Pieter Coecke
van Aelst (1502–50), dated 1553, woodcut frieze, 35.2 × 87.3 cm 120
5.4 Funerary procession on the Grote Markt in Delft, moving
towards the Nieuwe Kerk. Funerary procession of Prince
Maurice of Orange, Delft, 1625, by anonymous, after Gillis
van Scheyndel (1649–50), etching on paper, 27 × 38.4 cm.
Originally published in I. Commelin, Wilhelm en Maurits van
Nassau, princen van Orangien, haer leven en bedrijf (Amsterdam 1651) 122
5.5 A crowd of men and women plunders the house of a
burgomaster in the city of Hoorn on 21 June 1672. In the
background, militia men use violence to restore order. Plunder
of the house of the burgomaster Langewagen of Hoorn, attributed
to Herman Padtbrugge (1656–87), dated 1704–6, etching on
paper, 13.7 × 17.3 cm 127