DTIC ADA514469: Developing Headquarters Guidance for Army Installation Sustainability Plans in 2007

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2009 2. REPORT TYPE 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009
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Developing Headquarters Guidance for Army Installation Sustainability
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Plans in 2007
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Developing
Headquarters Guidance
for Army Installation
Sustainability Plans
in 2007
Beth E. Lachman, Ellen M. Pint, Gary Cecchine, Kimberly Colloton
Prepared for the United States Army
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
ARROYO CENTER
The research described in this report was sponsored by the United States
Army under Contract No. W74V8H-06-C-0001.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Developing headquarters guidance for Army installation sustainability plans in 2007 /
Beth E. Lachman ... [et al.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-0-8330-4707-6 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. United States. Army—Facilities—Management. 2. United States. Army—
Facilities—Maintenance and repair. I. Lachman, Beth E., date.
UC403.D48 2010
355.7068'4—dc22
2009045741
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Preface
Given the experiences of industry and communities, many Army installations have
started to develop and implement installation sustainability plans (ISPs). Such plans
typically document long-range plans addressing mission, community, and environ-
mental issues developed through a strategic planning process. However, these plans are
inconsistent in their focus and scope, and most do not fully address some key sustain-
ability issues. Thus, the Army asked RAND Arroyo Center to conduct a study, entitled
“Developing Guidance for Installation Sustainability Plans,” to examine Army instal-
lations’ experiences with developing and documenting these plans, and to recommend
Headquarters, Department of the Army guidance and policy to help foster improved
development and implementation of installation sustainability plans throughout the
Army. This report documents the study results, providing background information
on sustainability, describing the installation sustainability planning process, noting
progress in ISP implementation, and recommending approaches to improve the ISP
process.
This report should be of interest to Army and other Department of Defense staff
involved in installation planning and management and sustainability, including mis-
sion, environmental, community, and quality of life concerns. It should also be of
interest to other federal agencies, state and local governments, nongovernmental orga-
nizations, and businesses that interact with Army installations and those that have
more general interests in sustainability and installation planning.
This research was sponsored by L. Jerry Hansen, the Deputy Assistant Secretary
of the Army, Strategic Infrastructure and Senior Official Performing Duties as Assis-
tant Secretary of the Army, Installations and Environment, and Craig E. College, the
Deputy Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management. It was conducted within
RAND Arroyo Center’s Military Logistics Program. RAND Arroyo Center, part of
the RAND Corporation, is the U.S. Army’s federally funded research and develop-
ment center for policy studies and analyses.
The Project Unique Identification Code (PUIC) for the project that produced this
document is SAIED07268.
iii
iv Developing Headquarters Guidance for Army Installation Sustainability Plans in 2007
For more information on RAND Arroyo Center, contact the Director of Oper-
ations (telephone [phone], extension 6419; FAX [phone]; email Marcy_
[email protected]), or visit Arroyo’s web site at http://www.rand.org/ard/. This report
can be found on the web at http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG837/.
Contents
Preface ................................................................................................. iii
Figures .................................................................................................vii
Tables .................................................................................................. ix
Boxes ................................................................................................... xi
Summary .............................................................................................xiii
Acknowledgments .................................................................................. xix
List of Acronyms .................................................................................... xxi
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction ........................................................................................... 1
Definition of Sustainability ........................................................................... 2
Methodology ........................................................................................... 6
Outline of This Report ................................................................................ 7
CHAPTER TWO
Development and Implementation of ISPs ....................................................... 9
What Is an ISP? ........................................................................................ 9
Guidance on ISPs by Early 2007 ....................................................................10
How ISPs Were Developed ..........................................................................12
Early Adopters .......................................................................................12
Process for Developing ISPs .......................................................................13
How ISPs Have Been Implemented .................................................................18
Which Installations Have Been Implementing ISPs ............................................18
How Installations Have Been Implementing ISPs ..............................................19
Fort Bragg’s Sustainability Program .........................................................19
Fort Lewis’s Sustainability Program ........................................................ 30
Fort Benning’s Sustainability Program ..................................................... 34
Conclusions for the Installation Comparison ..............................................39
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vi Developing Headquarters Guidance for Army Installation Sustainability Plans in 2007
CHAPTER THREE
Installation Progress in Implementing Sustainability ........................................41
Installations Have Made Progress in Implementing Sustainability .............................41
Mission .............................................................................................. 42
Facilities/Buildings .................................................................................45
Transportation ..................................................................................... 48
Infrastructure ....................................................................................... 50
Products and Materials Management ............................................................53
Natural Resources Management ..................................................................55
Community/Regional Interaction ................................................................57
Quality of Life Issues ...............................................................................59
CHAPTER FOUR
Assessing the Needs of the ISP Development and Implementation Process ..............63
Assessment of the ISP Development Process .......................................................63
Advantages of the Early 2007 ISP Development Process ......................................63
Disadvantages of the Early 2007 ISP Development Process .................................. 64
ISP Development Needs ...........................................................................65
Assessment of the ISP Implementation Process ...................................................65
Assessment of ISP Implementation Accomplishments and Gaps ............................ 66
Challenges to ISP Implementation .............................................................. 68
Factors That Facilitate ISP Implementation .....................................................72
Implementation Needs .............................................................................73
CHAPTER FIVE
Recommendations to Improve the ISP Development and Implementation Process ....81
Recommendations for the ISP Development Process .............................................81
Streamline the ISP Development Process ........................................................81
Provide HQDA Guidance for Developing ISPs .................................................82
Recommendations for the ISP Implementation Process ..........................................83
Provide HQDA Guidance for Implementing ISPs ............................................. 84
Other Army Organizations Also Need to Help with ISP Implementation ................. 86
Conclusions ........................................................................................... 87
APPENDIX
A. Background on LEED and Army Green Building Standards ..........................89
B. Quality of Life Issues in Sustainability Activities ....................................... 97
Bibliography ........................................................................................ 107
Figures
1.1. The Relationship of Sustainability Efforts ............................................. 4
2.1. ISP Workshop and Implementation Process ..........................................14
2.2. The USAG Hawaii Awareness Workshop .............................................16
2.3. Fort Bragg Installation Strategic Plan Mission, Vision, and Goals ............... 22
2.4. Soldiers from 82nd Replacement Detachment Utilize the
Fort Bragg Shuttle Bus Service ........................................................ 28
2.5. Fort Bragg Low-Impact Development Project Near Parking Lot ..................29
2.6. Fort Lewis Solar Wall on a Logistics Warehouse ....................................32
2.7. The Taylor’s Checkerspot Butterfly ................................................... 34
2.8. Gopher Tortoise on Fort Benning Training Range ..................................37
3.1. Recycled Tire Platform at Fort Hood Tank Firing Range ..........................45
3.2. Used Oil Collection Facility at Fort Hood Training Range ....................... 46
3.3. Historic Junior Enlisted Home at Fort Bragg ....................................... 48
3.4. The 2-Megawatt Solar Array at Fort Carson .........................................52
3.5. Fort Hood Solid Waste Recycling Center ........................................... 54
3.6. Fort Campbell’s Concrete Grinding Creates Reusable Gravel .................... 56
3.7. Mima Mounds Natural Area Preserve, Washington State Department of
Natural Resources ...................................................................... 60
vii