DTIC ADA458044: Extreme Simulation of C4ISR Communications and Networking

16 Pages·0.07 MB·English

by  Defense Technical Information Center

gnikrowt ed Nnsanoitacinumm oRCSI 4fnCooitalum ieSmertxE
Donald M. wikseL 1
ehT artlUnoitaroproC
noita tyStisrevi n, U0x 5oOBP
,0 e1Ys2Nu3c1aryS
moc.procartlu@dwiksel
dlanoD .R gulfP .xFelA Sisti
CGFI/LRFA BSFI/LRFA
525 Brooks Road
e5m0o5R 4Y-N14431
lim.fa.lr@aitsis/dgulfp
TCARTSBA
ehT tenretnI si deweiv yb ynam ot eb eht krowten fo eciohc rof ediwdlrow.snoitacinummoc
seigolonh ceesto ohohct cimh ower sflaa bbe ovalla l ghei,nwsoetarefil otrepnre t e,nshdIateednI
dna sdohtem rof gnidliub -artni dna -retni krowten .smetsys sihT gnigremenoitamrofni
s ees rieurr tpi scmw skuodsrrcneo talw .setfyareotrin ifwtxnseial vpm olca te nuAesmsairdonfuf
, ry,ersv arestewiiso luhwio mhe btoi etrenchr steoetsdnI sa t ocr sti orudsieoetvdirianrphuaevb
tcilfnoc .soiranecs nA elbatciderpnu tenretnI dluow ylniatrec etubirtnoc ot eht gof" fo
"ytniatrecnu taht ylbativeni seinapmocca dnammoc dna lortnoc .snoitarepo nI siht repapew
h cge rnbtaiiaeorhsgctens roeds deig snnu io ct lpgoeeeunfnh:di rtro tdeomsantitlanviuIamhiesb
emertxE noitalumiS fo RSI4C snoitacinummoC dna gnikrowteN .tcejorp stI evitcejbo siot
y g tr n)ioei Slt tc fNia ka uroGblerrlado(iuhota ofsmtwsb rraitnoeipeSeoRlcAfNmSGreIod4FC
,snoitarepo gnisucof no eht tenretnI rof riA ecroF snoitarepO nihtiw eht labolG .dirG ruO
d e s tn el n onuagehig qc nicti:iigiracssnhnlooaeyhcie-rrdocrsdtptledauocpsptnrmeabmaejaeibho
;noitatnemelpmi a wen ,lellarap etercsid tneve noitalumis krowemarf rof ,egral elbalacs
.emitn u trsatcurtsn omcets yds ntaup nyifice p osatmeh cessabat ada dn;asnoitalumis
1. dnuorgkcaB
no iw teskaNnrcooiiwnttuaemlnm uoemcrias dedeen ni RSI4C eotta rgtnsinsuoesmcnenedavda
.t nne ome i ecdtse greanl autfloa n nouo uicleieasbdmtsadsmeinia-buerrasrlolhtellcTspugniofid
,no innt oou ,iibd,s tting lgaaranyonmztiaciris klodolifrptufadoosolnuwircistdpnieivn (ehtlabolg
dir g)flesti ot dael sno iodtteatrat rsfegnoleoatmcn esi,d--ldlnua fl,-ria ddesnstaaebn-reectanpis

1 sihT hcraeser si gnieb detroppus ni trap :yb eht riA ecroF hcraeseR yrotarobaL GFI/LRFA rednutcartnoc
;9800-C-99-20603F ,OTI/APRAD rednu yvaN tcartnoc 0358-C-69-1066N ot sregtuR s'ytisrevinU retneCrof
etercsiD scitamehtaM & laciteroehT retupmoC ecneicS a( lanoitaN ecneicS noitadnuoF ecneicS dnaygolonhceT
Center); and by the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, under Army contract DASG60-92-C-0155. The
opinions presented here, expressed or implied, are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the United
States government or its agencies.
Report Documentation Page Form Approved
OMB No. 0704-0188
Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,
including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington
VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it

does not display a currently valid OMB control number.
1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED
1999 2. REPORT TYPE 00-00-1999 to 00-00-1999
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
Extreme Simulation of C4ISR Communications and Networking
5b. GRANT NUMBER
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
Air Force Research Lab/IFGC,525 Brooks Road,Rome ,NY,13441 REPORT NUMBER
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)
11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
The original document contains color images.
14. ABSTRACT
15. SUBJECT TERMS
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF
ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON

a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 15
unclassified unclassified unclassified
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18
gnivah ticilpxe gniledom fo krowten ,scimanyd ,sknil ,sannetna ,slocotorp lacisyhpgnidaf(
)dnabedi w,slennahc dna .ciffart A krowten noitalumis gnivah deliated sledom fonoitamrofni
secruos dna sknis hcus( sa rosnes ot )retoohs rehtegot htiw soiranecs dnasnoitarepo-fo-tpecnoc
s n)oSiPtO pNdiOlrCuc (ostwerdoppus 2C tpecnoc d,ynngaooil toea,ncunhilocvaieevttdealume
dna evird secafretni rof pool-eht-ni-erawdrah snoitartsnomed rof desab-tenretnI .snoitarepo
dnoy egBnilacs ot snoillim fo ,stcejbo a gi b" "tneonirteatlnuim irsof RSI4C tsum eb elbapacfo
gnihcaer nwod otni eht rewol sreyal fo eht locotorp ,kcats ,.e.i knil dna .lacisyhp roF,elpmaxe
s dyfncoanbeu qsesrefl et rcdie ewtonotg rimpsseidna h)cCeE mSyPtIi (rnu ocfie otsna-acPiIfirev
a retaeht tenartni yam eriuqer noitalumis fo a labolg detubirtsid kcatta oiranecs htiw sledomfo
h,ts a m ap ,he dn-,gtd tnnignium naetnirlakdetlil ocennmnumargnbiaeamrnelilgogwaafionspam
.tnemnoriv nreetae het h ftsotneme leecnerefret ndina
.R SnIo4iCtar e tnlxea e gbsnroeolgfgnel ltanhecr esh enssitoepnr eetsnUi- l naeoucpDnua ielheTr
ro F,e ltpsmaarxten o lcea hny toreiarttuiiddleaicrmotr pf , ogddneeilttlaraocerritetdapneeoodhct
skrowte nhtiw gnivah ot erahs a sdsees cat,cbepa-na-ereitehtitcllnu lImteathats si oslealbaliava
ot enoyna morf yna tniop no .htraE ,yltnerruC PI skcatta nac tceffa gnituor revo eriwsmetsys
dna tluser ni "ecivres-fo-lained" ta eht tegrat .edon nI a sseleriw ,metsys murtcepsnoitarutas
nihtiw na eritne dnab dluoc .tluser nI a wef sraey eht laicrem myotcilibaiv fo tsoc-wol-ecaps
desab tenretnI secivres lliw eb .detartsnomed ,yltnerruC wol htrae tibro )OEL( smetsysnac
edivorp labolg eciov ro htdiwdnab-wol atad ,secivres ,.e.i gninoitisop dna ,noitagivanelihw
suonorhcnysoeg htrae tibro )OEG( smetsys edivorp aera-ediw oediv dna oslahtdiwdnab-wol
secivres hcus sa .gnigap nI eht mret-dim ew ees noititepm ogcnoma elpitlu msmetsysgnireffo
de t.asregceitvnries nI emhrtet-regn oelw tdceesp axsbek-reocwatpesn ot ebe lyblalruefporetni
— stenretni fo OEL smetsys rof elpitlum ssecca dna lanoiger secivres htiw htrae-dimtibro
,)OEM( OEG dna hgih htrae ro( ylhgih )lacitpille tibro )OEH( smetsys gnidivorp ediwaera
.hcstiedrcitiwevdmrnmeay sbsa seersui t- rec egphunrnmTro iiotilwgcstaraabermomfrlenogifni
desab dna ssel esrkirwowten fo ts ayvtixelpm otcaht ll igwn iek drsioevwcotirevpnrreesgtnniisu
ssele ryitwica ptaicba g,isgnoitacil pypraanoitulo v:esreigolonh c)eI tGtNe(nre tnnoIitare ntexGeN
.smets ydsekrowt eynlpe ed dn,asetillet agsnikrowtenret n,ignikrowten
1.1. sloco ttoernPr egtnniIledoM
lanoitidarT sehcaorppa rof gnibircsed krowten ciffart sah deiler no lacitsitats noitatneserperfo
etager gcgiaffart gn ilsauit n)ennoospsxieoP( epyt .sledom morF tsuguA 9891 ot yraurbeF2991
snoil lfiom hygtii hlaa tuda qedetrce e wtlnel onosrc'eNhA tLdE ndana ls seid'LsnnyaolsalniaW
ekil -"lra a trlccoiia m frei offtsrt aa-o dr g fie etseflvbewtroeahongshtheg"esmaber uefssoaoehmt
dn a ,.ldn]eno 1Lasd9[le9 it1t Waarh ttys e nahyo Ttmlse erdeduto bam siri roepfroNorAmpLpa
tenrehtE )PCT( ciffart gniledom naht eht snoitpmussa no ssenhtooms taht era deilpmi ybeht
nossioP hcaorppa dnaleL[ te ,la .]4991 esehT sgnidnif evah ecnis neeb deifirev rofaera-ediw
skrowten nosxaP[ dna ,dyolF .]5991 ecniS neht eht lacit ssietiattrseporp fo ralimis-fklreoswten
ciffart evah neeb deziretcarahc gnisu sledom fo gnitsal-gn otlneisnart snoitidnoc gnivahyvaeh
.]79 9,1yksp id Lnaallevor C)[w arle w yoaep bsoli aetso hswnoitubirtsi ds(daolkr odweliat
esehT cisab segnahc ot snoitpmussa gnidrager NAW/NAL ,ciffart morf nossioP ot latcarf
,noitaziretcarahc stceffa woh ew ledom eht noissimsnarT lortnoC locotorP )PCT( noitrop foeht
.tenretnI gniledoM eht ,gnituor eht tenretnI locotorP )PI( si rehtona .rettam ereH ,ootlaciripme
seiduts evah nwohs taht na tnatro pnmoiitcnitsid dluohs eb edam neewteb gnituor slocotorpdna
,lr gnao.noui]istv6txca9uaah9oPe1r[b e ms oncSoi is:taes bretauaqh Wt"r ossei gfoodlnoahtap
seruliaf rucco ni tenretn I;"?gnituor oD" setuor niamer elbats revo emit ro egnah;c"?yltneuqerf
dna oD" setuor morf A to B dnet ot eb cirtemm yesht( emas ni )esrever sa setuor morf B to A "?
esre vg tfinaeodisvlo vsntinemerus aeetm utoernre tdnnIe-ot- ddnneasu oyhtt rdoefzyl annoasxaP
sgpno iogtl nusioed r iun ,glieaochtlnt a oigd.h nst tieadettp enuiirosfer itd snedsIvna raleecHsbo
dna seruliaf peed edisni eht .krowten gnidr aggnei Rtyutoirlibats ti saw dedulcno ctahttenretnI"
shtap era ylivaeh detanimod yb a elgnis tnelaverp ,etuor tub taht eht emit sdoirep revohcihw
setuor tsisrep wohs ediw "noitairav gnignar( morf sdnoces ot .)syad tuohguorhT eht,atad
tnereffid etis-ot-etis sriap detibihxe etarapsid gnituor scitsiretcarahc dna on "lacipyt"tenretnI
ngdrneeimttetu eaoosp.rttsixe
ehT tenretnI sesirpmoc ynam tne denveipteadrntisi n,ismndiaamod hcae gnivah sti nwognituor
.seicilop esehT snoiger era dellac suomonotua smetsys .)SA( nihtiW hcae SA gnituor
ya wreoti a rggtenstiansci udyalolrab cgsi nedg ilonfs tb iioinsalr twitlenuosapoonnirkotcamrofni
.sloco tnoere p westvueioBtmao rn,tosstniuinaaimm odgdan intouiotramrofni si degnahcxe taeht
seiradnuob hguorht egnahcxe stniop ,)PE( yllacipyt gnisu eht redroB yawetaG egnahcxE)PGB(
.locotor p PGB si l a. tmnensateiamndea prhnucco neiimtam rno ofsne Igendaihscn ienoniamod
sekat emit ot hcaer ;srehto niamod-retni noitamrofni yam eb ,detadtuo .suoenorre tI siton
nommocnu rof a retuor ot yolpme etuor ,gnihcac hcihw skrow llew rednu elbatskrowten
.snoitidnoc ehT esu fo hcus deeps-hgih smsinahcem nac etaerc anemonehp dellac etuor"palf
."smrots rednU ,PGB eht labolg gnituor erutcurts si desoppus ot ,egrevnoc ,revewoh sihtsah
]7 9 ,z9tlt1eaivob aeL s [eashcyta w dtoleeotabvnre snbeoeb
1.2. gnitalu meihSttenretnI
.t ueahnTreg geus jn ee srmnau maty d iarsye tnetbxsevieinvre tegnhnItital u mmfeiolsb oerhpT
eutriv fo PI si taht ti swolla tnereffid rehgih ,slocotorp ,.g.e ,ptth dna krowtennoitartsinimda
seicilop ot y.lestsaerlempaoersetni sihT osla sekam gniledom PI roivaheb erom tluciffid —PI
,swolla segaruocne resu .ytisrevid ehT tenretnI si a gnivom tegrat dna sah enogrednucitamard
segnahc ni st i:noitulove ni 2991 eht enoBM did ton tsixe dna eht beW saw elttil .nwonk hcuS
latnemadnuf "esahp" segnahc era detcepxe ot :eunitnoc redisnoc eht snoitacilpmi fo gnisueht
s nu SiogTatdnO liliPep uoch(,qatsilebp cuetdirenvna rrmseeeastdn - Iln"aaop c-oroooolelf"div
enohpelet .)ecivres tA ,tneserp eht seigolohtap era gnieb ,deifitnedi tub on deifinu yroehtrof
gnidnatsrednu tenretnI roivaheb sraeppa ot eb no eht .noziroh weN noitalumis sehcaorppaera
dedeen rof gnibircsed eht tenretnI ,desab-eriw (,ralullec dna )desab-ecaps dna ot edivorp agib"
"erutcip hcihw si yltneiciffus deliated ot dnatsrednu hcus lacigolohtap roivaheb sa llewekam
snoitciderp sa eht tenretnI seogrednu laitnenopxe htworg dna citamard mgidarap stfihs niresu
.snoitacilppa
ehT tsom gnigaruocne tnecer tnempoleved gnitceffa ruo ytiliba ot etalumis eht tenretnI sieht
tnevda fo elbalacs lellarap etercsid tneve noitalumis )SEDP( .seuqinhcet enO ssalc fo hcus
noital usmeinsigne si eht elb anloaict saklruomwiesmar f)FSS( gnie bdepoleved ybgnitarepooC
smetsyS .noitaroproC 2 owT snoisrev fo FSS era :elbaliava a avaJ noitatnemelpmimorf
gnitarepooC smetsyS noitaroproC dna a ++C noitatnemelpmi mrof htuomtraD egelloCdellac
.FSSaD FSS sedivorp smsinahcem rof gnitcurtsnoc SEDP taht nac elacs ot snoillim fostcejbo
gnisu a cisab gnimmargorp :ecafretni ,gifnoC.FSS ,ytitnE.FSS ,ssecorP.FSS ,tnevE.FSS
, l.elnennan hadChnnCait. uFoS.SFS Sgnis Ueseht eno nac epoh ot dliu begrale chngaimhrofrep
srotalumis taht yam nigeb ot ecudorper ni eht yrotarobal tahw sah neeb decneirepxe yb
esirw eotnCe .o[,]il9ta9i9t1carp
1.3. noitalu meimSer tefxgoEnell aehhCT
tc esgjinoiorkt prs ondwontiaetNac inn ou RimfStmo Iaoe 4lCveC uimfm teoi ecrSehethtjxTbEo
y g tr n)ioei Slt tc fNia ka uroGblerrlado(iuhota ofsmtwsb rraitnoeipeSeoRlcAfNmSGreIod4FC
,snoitar egpnoisucof no eht tenretnI rof riA ecroF snoitarepO nihtiw eht labolG .dirG erugiF1
yfice porste se uhetlba nlel itwa hmtets yssi hr toefca pgsniled ogmnikrowt ee nhstetartsul lwioleb
eht epocs dna liated fo detceles krowten stnemges dna labolg snoitacinummo c.soiranecs ehT
m. esyerte ltosnllusyilacsshiiee cw txcna ieoomdn reiyp rr -l aoeiathmhtueseTltgmunrmeavtsei
.serutcetihc rganisseco ryprom edmerahs-detubirtsid
s:eSflo rNoatlaGolgar eevhoT
§ smets yeSca pdS ndanuo rrG otfenret nlIabo leG h ftloed oyMtiled ihFg ihaHsilpmoccA
§ di rlGabo l fGnooitazilaus ieVdivorP
§ n:ofiota u nldoanivatEartsn otmreoDppuS
§ weN :seigolonhceT ,slocotorP krowteN ,tnemeganaM ,ytiruceS elbammargorP
Radios, Sensor to Shooter
§ gninnal Pdn asnoisice D2 C:ro fstnemeriuqe Recivre Sf oytilauQ
§ h teitwar edepncOaafretnI
§ )snoitpircs emDrofev a/Wannet nNAC Aa(t arDalub adTeliat e,Dsled olManretxE
§ era wndi reahpHtooL
2. sn rgeicBnoC
SNG si dednetni ot revocnu gib krowten ,seigolohtap troppus sisylana fo elacs-egral laerdlrow
,snoitautis dna evig thgisni otni krowten lanoitarepo ssentsubor dna ytilibitpecsus ot .kcattaeW
etartnecnoc no ruof saera fo nrecnoc taht a gib krowten noitalumis dluohs eb elbapac fo
."snrecn ogci be"se hb. t ugednWisserdda

2 moc.etarepooc.www
SIMULATION
TIME
Distributed System Management Issues
•Design of Data Dissemination Procedures for Distributed
Faster Than Real Time BM/C2I Information Base
•Effect of BM/C2I Distribution on Comm Requirements
•Robustness of Distributed Management Information Base
Maintenance Procedures
•Identification/ Validation of Associated Communication
Requirements
End-To-End
Single Link
(All Links, All Nodes)
(One Link, Two Nodes)
Slower Than Real Time
EMULATION
SCOPE
–Network Issues
Message •Control Coordination
–Functional Communications Control
• Functional Allocation
Service Unit
• Robustness/Devolution of Communications Network
–Communication System Management
Bit –Multi-Layered Protocols
EMULATION •Management and Control Algorithms
Link Issues
DETAIL •Inherent Node Tx/Rx Capabilities –Connectivity Maintenance
- Node Types –Traffic Management
- Connectivity Options (one-to-one, multi-/broadcast) –Effects of BM/C2I Handovers/Handbacks
- Link Capabilities
•Link Performance Monitoring and Fault Isolation –Buffer Usage and Effects
•Tx/Rx Resource Equipment Control •Security
•Impacts Responsive Threat (Jamming)
–Security Management
–Access Control and Authentication
–Multi-Layer Security Model
Figure 1 Boundaries of Communication Modeling Space
2.1. tne tlxaEbolG
ehT txen ytnewt sraey lliw ssentiw citamard htworg ni tenret nyItilibapac dna .noitazilitu tIsi
tnerappa taht a dnoces tenretnI si gnigreme — evoba eht ,erehpsomta a ,laci,trreedvivorp-itlum
laud eru tecsuurt sfaor fenlipit lsu nmOo EieLttai l ltlylaelehtettstanasom ciltlliuw eb deknil ota
, y eel.vwtsa n akhr ee nedsvisneal aarwslP o yer y a n c,b,wf odiOOeoObnmEEtEkaGMaHcgab
arohtelp fo etarapsid ecaps smetsys gnidivorp a yteirav fo secivres ot .sresu ehT mret-raensi
-eca pfssosenevitceffe-ts oe chettadil alvl i"wsngised-tnio pg"nitepm oecre hawne re ahsdtaeweiv
des asbsel esrmiewtsys r olfa i.csreecmimvorces nI suoir asvegats fo gninnalp d,ntanemyolped
ereht ,era rof :elpmaxe ta OEL ,muid i,rmIm o,cebgrd Oi,ri br,ytrksaS et;lsceliCasbeodleGleTta
O,EkMn i ;l y)bOlyrCreOIes msdrynodafO( ny irlaant oi eibghtrntaoitrso etGa ,OyEaHwecapS
,ratsrebyC ,knilortsA ,tasrammI ,tasletnI ,retsA ,ratSaK .cte secivreS yeht edivorp egnarmorf
. g, n tli,shagXatiaA cwt pFodon/ /taregoeognn tcroihibplt o/xadwve Eniopogwlieidpdsntianvbeb
ni resu dnamed rof secivres si detcepxe ot eb eht tnanimod ecrof ni gnipahs a ylhgihelitalov
.tekram roF ,elpmaxe nehw eht naisA cimonoce yrevocer ,strats evitcaretni secivres lliw eba
. d hn ryganolu mojno ei a ohfdtema t oclndle apoe Ahanro it2 tnifeolc.ei ptle1rhgipaCobxleno
ni eht txen wef ,sraey eeh lt dbeea tslyiaitlbail-vceuaatK palaslciw e b,depm anwesgvneimussa
cirtemmysa tenretnI ecivres htiw eht .S.U ehT cificaP-aisA lanoiger HTD tcerid( ot)emoh
tekram si detcepxe ot elpirt yb raey 6002 ot ytrof noillim .sdlohesuoh TASV yreV(llamS
erutrepA )lanimreT desab secivres era ylekil ot eb eht tsetaerg revird ni gnitareneg eht
yranoi tsunlooivtearcilppa hcihw syawla wollof spmuj ni( ,deeps ni ,egarevoc dna ni )ecirpni
tenretnI ssecca .seigolonhcet sihT si tseb dezirammus ni eht ottom ssecca" si eht rellik."ppa
noita rfe ofe i tplsiaoslerelhP cecmctoaarsf yn atniop no htraE si e,hgtni mdtoe uchebclrtateisler
.reitnorf ehT tnanimod ecivres ledom yldetbuodnu lliw evlove ot elpitlum ,ssecca rehtarnaht
,d eltanneoiirtoi-dtair utnciric redro ot edivo rlpasrevin ulabolg ecivres ssorca daorb murtcepsfo
.ecnamr o,frreev p es/ewteho ictHsfiser enpfce ocbe atpo-iatiletlhl e cuttemeahnst rmeotrnfIyna
tniop no htraE lliw eurcca ylno retfa gnisserdda eht laitnetop rof gnorts latnemisrntoeidtcaretni
gnoma dereyal .slocotorp stpmettA ot eziretcarahc dna eganam eseht snoitcaretni evah osraf
.slo ostisyla nda nnagis eldocoto rrpeyalitl u,melbala c fskoc ael h ytdbelbb onheeb
2.2. sle dlooMcot orrePyaL-it lxueMlpmoC
sdradnatS rof ytilauQ fo ecivreS )SoQ( yllareneg sucof no resu htdiwdnab dna ycnetal
stnemeriu qdenra ref fgindidneped no : sec hinttosi it,raeecctiicloapvrpaah c,XAF ,atad,yregami
,oed igv nrieldannog pi.ss)nganritg(ap roF eht smet sdyesbircs e,devob a,revewoh ehtmret-raen
slocoto rdsp negaingiohlcot niehwrcsaet not d eedzcei.ntmsaaiemrtc rgpiroeovoftrfrneeisp-hgih
,s ksnsioll -cwiorlte m hmetyrisuwtcurts a erdmf eunayrsilistwaici lsplmoico ttoernpr egtnniItsixE
gniwolla eht tcirts noitarapes fo locotorp sreyal evoba dna woleb PI nihtiw ehtdne-ot-dne
eks l red tb. etosngeam tsrawsankigesiahtoicliuo tely aeddmsnlopr ae rtermPehauCdtpsTnsua
.noitsegnoc nI ,tsartnoc rof sseleriw skrowten tekcap sessol era netfo eud ot knil.gnidaf/ssol
etilletaS sknil evah eht lanoitidda melborp fo ycnetal eud ot thgis- fnoo-ietnaiglaposrepcnatsid
rof( OsEmGe tssiyhst si t a, stdsna oed cln0ge a5n sd,2i,hirghgtlancniloitiwibmiem-awunrsqof
syal enda chcaer sa hgih . s)saydcnno ec0te0 as4dlir lasldmi nsmPagiCtn nTSiratohafcgeimtim
. s y nd me lsoeeesnlsiiktr eaet laso,soehrlatpmyweethweeu epslstnrtrkapseiiocmogwsFaalpxe
PCT wolf lort nyolctner rsuecmussa eht mumixam wodniw ezis si K46 setyb lacitcarp(wodniw
h sy tp. e andi)e zfsleirsr fKiodetw t eado2snd fd8-etn 3okon.dtyahcna0nibteibuli slolwAretas
spbM1 dluow eriuqer na lamitpo )laciteroeht( wodniw ezis fo K001 .setyb PCT ecnamrofrep
ht i)wWL-CP Ts(wodn iewgr a:lgni sydubetagit ieymblbiss on pasckn iylal egdn orle vsomelborp
htdiwdnab ;noitatpada evitceles tnemegdelwonkca )KCAS-PCT( dna wols trats ;seuqinhcet
noPiCtTc a; s)dn snanyaro atir wtoDe cEt yeRamltg ore gdad,nne .iaegsrc.unea( dniooivtasegnoc
t n r.eroPme C evg Tevony / cooasT snrllk dapenedo mmdiv ehrrilansttooheoaeffephMrboterpp
edulcni PCT snoisnetxe ylticilpxe dezimitpo rof ecaps ,snoitacilppa gnisu erawelddim hcussa
sre d.in so a tnisesotiracah alcTm ie ol l,e t pgbgherpnont hoairiy tv pfbP idoCPgnoTCap-Tstilps
noitacilp psalocotorp hcus sa ptth dna sedulcni seuqinhcet hcus sa tnetsisrep ,PCT ,gnihcacdna
cificeps-noitacilppa .seixorp ,hguohtlA OEG setilletas esop gnixev selcatsbo ot tenretnI
,sn otistaacciitllpupMa si eno taht nac tifen eybltaerg morf sc iethstiretc afroahc OEG.smroftalp
sehguH( hcraeseR ,seirotarobaL rof ,elpmaxe sah detartsnomed siht gnisu eht ASAN,STCA
).snoitar eEpN oOdBeMsab-etilletas
ssec cealpitl ue mhydtbegnella hrcehtr ue fr)adesab-eca pd sn-alairtserr ehtto bs(krowt esnseleriW
melborp ni hcihw a egral rebmun fo sresu timsnart ot a krowten .revres seuqinhceT hcussa
,AMDF ,AMDT dna AMDC era deyolpme ot eganam siht soahc htiw snoitairav rof-daerps
murtceps dna d.nsanboeidtiawcilppa sngiseD rof elpitlu mssecca latig isdkrowten yamemussa
dexif yticapac ,stnemngissa dnamed ssecca ,stnemngissa ro modnar ssecca yticapac.noitacolla
ehT AHOLA modnar ssecca locot odreppoleved yb nosmarbA sah neeb nwohs ot eblufsseccus
.ssec cealpitl uhmtdiwdn ahbg idh ndaaer phst ohbtiw
sreg tsu'Rytisrevi nwUerdnA iksleigO sah desoporp taht eht txen noitareneg fo elbalacstenretnI
gniledom sloot tsum etaroprocni ngised" rof "egnahc ,seigolodohtem gnitroppus anoitcudorp
enilepip taht swolla a egral tes fo locotorp stnairav ot evom hguorh t,noital u,mniositalumedna
tnemyolp etduoh tliawitna tgsnbiutsirwer fo locotorp .edoc ngiseD fo hcus a noitcudorspsecorp
si edam yltnacifingis erom tluciffid yb eht noitavresbo taht ni etilletas ,tenretnIdne-ot-dne
noitacilppa ecnamrofrep si ylivaeh tnedneped no snoitcaretni neewteb elpitlum sreyal nieht
.gnik rsosw e tl lneat eIn ixdr e re ei:hyttlnwfk tlsnorocnleoc aa i urconettafrtolssneosritrsiapefpl
lairtserret oidar ,tenretnI gnivorpmi eht ytilauq fo ecivres nees yb a PCT noitacilppaseriuqer
detargetni tnemtaert fo knil ,level tropsnart ,level dna noitacilppa level .snrecnoc ,eromrehtruF
noitagitim seuqinhcet hcus sa ,gniyxorp ,gnihcac levelitlum ,noisserpmoc dna knil ssecca
gniludehcs seigetarts tsum krow ni trecnoc ot reviled doog dne-ot-dne ecnamrofrep ot lla.sresu
e h,tecnav dnd ainyativitca-ret n,ignitcide r:psrengis eldocoto rr posfegnella hecmert xsees ospihT
st cs eeffgof ne na lihros cecny yornc ateaienlotfvortfi paatlpra ltns , arurseeoerhtidetlrnhaautvo
gniziretcarahc erutuf snoitareneg fo detargetni secivres .skrowten roF doog ,nosaer ,nehteht
ngised dna sisylana fo krowten slocotorp sah deggal raf dniheb eht ecap fo egnahc dna
, sneoii g tdoranle caoyn inaihfhlcic-usekmrtnei vlfiod eh tema lsbeil ni elga acetihrrtoofhtossih
elbalacs gniledom .sloot tuohtiW ,meht gniveihca na etauqeda gnidnatsrednu folocotorpitlum
roivaheb seriuqer ediw tnemyolped ni laer .skrowten tA siht ,ecap esuaceb eht tenretnIsi
gnigna hycldipar ni htob ezis dna s n,o eiertvuaitztaianrteitt cnfaaoruaqhc sti scimanyd eraelats
.eg adpetni re pht tiyhe hetrof egbnol
2.3. re ylaaLcis yeehhdPtulcnI
s ceiht Tsliarcei ts fcydoaherp sasahkbcr-oewrtiew ne ryall a.cciiptyatts ecnO eh tlacisyrhepyal
melborp si devlos rof a nevig muidem ,reppoc( lacitpo )rebif dna a SoQ ,noitacificepssti
seitreporp yam eb demussa tnatsnoc dna yletarucca detciderp ni lla gniusne .snoitacilppa nI
,tsartnoc eht lacisyhp reyal rof sseleriw skrowten si erom cimanyd dna elbitpecsus otesrevda
stceffa morf eht .tnemnorivne sseleriW sNAL ni eciffo sgnidliub nac reffus morfhtapitlum
smelborp sa seeyolpme evom tuoba eciffo erutinruf dna .snoititrap esehT edarged ehtllarevo
krowten eud ot gniusne PC Tnoissim s.nsatrsteeurqer ralulleC oida rnoissimsnart ni seiticnac
ecneirepxe ereves noitadarged eud ot htapitlum stceffe morf .sgnidliub htiW yratilimRSI4C
sse leedr aierwsgi e w,dleslkri iewe lmlem icadtnjnseaorhef r)eytl ndsine ecf,irosrunfoo(sitacilppa
sNAL dna r e.tsateehntartnI tA eht lacisy h rpreeytatlim srn eatwrnotepmegan admnaycneuqerf
tnemeganam era smelborp gnivah snoitulos taht nac eb yrev evitisnes ot niarret,noitisopmoc
.rehta ed wn,anoitave laennetna
ehT melborp fo rewop dna ycneuqerf tnemeganam rehtegot htiw annetna maeb gnimrofdna
g nsieltla uetnrnc eame rrioufqer neavit pm ar.dogaf nei msfisote-c eocrapp ssihT tsum ekatotni
noitaredisnoc eht snoitacol fo sti yldneirf secruos dna sresu fo ,snoissimsnart snoitacol fo
sreppordsevae dna ,sremmaj dna eht laitaps-oeg citengamortcele scitsiretcarahc fo niarretdna
.tnemnorivne A elpmis elpmaxe fo eht gnisaercni ecnatropmi fo eht lacisyhp reyal ni
snoitacinummoc si annetna ngised rof yratilim snoitacilppa fo .SPG ehT retaergycarucca
dleadiit v nSnoyeP o rbrGgi e pentmlsfipopefseri tiucftSi delPlnruGlamecta se dbyeldiasrageed
ll uynlevitcel eosstde ett niu,bderiuq esarinnet nraeviec eS rPlGanoitcerid- i.n gmnnoAimm ayjb
ni eht noitcerid fo na gni r.e)fsr(eetcnriuos nehW htapitlum si tneserp eht melborp si raferom
tluciffid ot .etagitim niatreC dleifelttab snoitacilppa eriuqer hgih ,htdiwdnab hcus sa eht
res ada lnraosn ePs TrAes a rlroad anreewt efbfo-dn aeh h ntsi ao(ed i rvyorega m finooissimsnart
dediug nopa e.w)metsys A VAU deksat hti wgniretiol rof teg rnaotitceles ro ADB noissimlliw
.snoissimsna r)toedi v s( tt fpioecret n fiyotilibaborp-w oelriuq eorsla
gnieoB sah depoleved a wen desahp yarra annetna taht nac yldipar eriuqca dna kcart
noitacinummoc ,setilletas etarepo ta FHS dna ,FHE dna edivorp gnimmaj-itna hguorhtmaeb
.gnillun nA MBI sseleriw MTA metsys rehtegot htiw eht gnieoB anne tyngaolonhsceestimorp
dleifelttab noitacinummoc shtdiwdnab fo eno .etybagig snoitroP fo siht metsys erew
detartsnomed gnirud eht riA s'ecroF yranoitidepxE ecroF tnemirepxE XFE .89' gnitapicitraP
tfarcria dedulcni ,3-ST ,SCAWA 531-C scinoiva ,debtset R531CK ,tropsnart a ,B1-B dnaa
.SRATSJ sseleriW metsys srehcraeser era osla gniredisnoc eht esu fo trams slairetam rof-fles
snoitid nyotcil alua qn ggonitisdro cecp aarhi seehgtn ad hl .cuesos acenhnTe tentaille tgansitsujda
ro ot edivorp a detimil dleif fo weiv )VOFL( gninnacs ytilibapac rof egral erutrepaetilletas
.sannetna
sA smetsys emoce bgnisaer c,nxielpmoc spets era gnieb nekat ot eve idheczaidradlnaactissyhp
. sneo girateupygianrl aclsed n Aelpmax efo siht si eht e rnu etspcmOd eeertttoisafhyrcSgreAtnI
FR ro( )cinotohp stiucric gnieb dednuf yb eht nepO smetsyS tnioJ ksaT ecroF .)FTJ-SO( nA
reyal-thgie ledom si desoporp ot etaler snoitcnuf morf annetna ,erutrepa ot langisgnissecorp
mrofev a,wgnitni oapnnet nra osfnoitcn usfwol llaed o em. heTcafret nginisseco rnpoiss ihmguorht
,noitceles dna gnissecorp sdlohserht ot eb yllacimanyd dedaerht dna deludehcs gnidrocca ota
nevig noissim .eliforp nI ,yremmus eht SoQ fo a sseleriw krowten si ylhgih tnedneped noeht
ytilibai ldenra c itmnaenmyedgana mfo . ssctii tlsaicriestyc haprahc erut usFmetsys lliwyolpme
sknil gnisu annetna smetsys gnivah evitpada emit-ecaps gnissecorp dna maeb dnaycneuqerf
.tnemeganam
2.4. eslnsa o tcoifcStloeljibMO
tn elcaecRi rsie piimdkeustlseigO( fo )sregtu Redveahhsilb attashet yrev egr aslkrowte nhcussa
eht tenretnI tibihxe detciderpnu lacigolohtap sroivaheb hcus sa latcarf" ciffart "srettap dna
noitseg n.o"cs"mrots iksleig Osevresbo taht eht kcal fo a gib" "erutcip fo eht tenretnI sekamti
lacol -d nesobani "r" csssmie rdnootistse ge. n lafolpto c ama"ecadhixTre iepzm yet lloautncaiffid
anemonehp ]taht[ era yllatodcena detaicossa htiw neddus gnituor ,segnahc modnar snrettapfo
dezi l,adceo tl gienmtii aslelul e borst itr tayson, rnha sco sdeetmeoifwnhvbptooatemaloigfergga
.stnemerusaem
ehT ytilibapac fo SNG ot sserdda gib krowten seussi seilpmi taht SNG flesti si .gib ehTylno
tcejorp taht sah detpmetta ot og dnoyeb eht gniledom fo llams yb( )nosirapmoc skrowten sieht
s l gefgndoiiob tm" .cdkuerr to t wnaWsdo olneln ieobeietRCibhc rtetcs rsdoe efdAdfPneRuAfD
]99 9, 1lteaeiwo Cs[egnella hrcoj aemer hstec a"ftenretnI
§ ;deled oeosmbttneme lkerowt esnuoenegoret efshorebm uengr aylr eevhT
§ d n,asnoitalerr oecgnar-gn ohlt iawnemone hlped o omdteriuq esrela cesm igtn oylr eevhT
§ .secru ocsiffa rltacirip mde nsalocoto r fpeo seu hgtnidulc n,iliat e fdloev edleriuq eerhT
s nkoriotwatl eufNmo i0 s0, 0se,tl0cb0ea1jlbaoc so,ts ndoeitl nleeirdmae cneir p.neulacs eiwoC
ta hstlenr erkotalum ilsellar agpni st ueey mbaemgnella hlcanoitatupm oe chtta hntwo hesv althae
nac ylevitcepser erugifnoc dna etalumis 000,001 krowten sedon ta setar fo pu ot01 6 network
stne vr.eedpnoces s n yo ee itthmtaaTiahraltelun0cme1igs 10 kro wsttenneve era nliahctiitwcarp
hc a,eyrado tdna yb raey 2002 e belbapa cf ogninnu rni lae r.emit ri eshmTial cera desab noeht
kn roeo i lwdt)beeaFamrlSlaeuSarem(cFni SoSyibp eiw.o nCgo ni sitfmtaoeartrosepyprSoooCC
owT snoisrev fo FS Syltne r:rtuscixe avaJ FSS rgo nfyilpeyttaort eoedrgoprma lkrowtesnledom
.ecnamrofrep -e hmsg er i ehnr eah,h citFfv) tdixSfahrnh eSoJto aw+a ufl+DyooC bmct(tiarNaD
avaJ FSS eysllibtanleis ae6nvr8oap x. /ssxmi urrdnoaniflaLto aSl l/apNnUoS ixtiindUdsAtrop
.edreannal p y lFtS nSseansDuerrp no IG S,XIR I,,N FsU,SiSxOru/anCl iE.odLDsSnwaodniW
artlU si yltnerruc gninnu rsnoitacinu mgmnoickrowten sledom rof TASA soiranecs gnisuavaJ
SSF.
3. mel b hoeocrhtaPtorppA
ndoes ae brganikrowt ed nnsanoitacinumm oRcSI 4fnCooitalum iesmert xeeveih cosattrof freuO
:sae rdaetalerret neier hnstitnempolev etdnecer
• tnemenifer-gnine s grrnaoi ofdecnmii bthsnteuiurwqin hgcneitl eldaocmihcra r,eciihmanyd
snoitisnart gnoma evitanretla metsysbus ledom snoitcartsba taht esnes dna tsujda
;sdlohser hyttivit cogatnidrocca

• emitnur troppus rof gnizinagro-fles ,snoitalumis a nommoc emitnur tnemnorivnetaht
selbane stcejbo ot etacin uymlmtocceridni dna swoll atnedneped nciimanyd noitresnifo
da n;anoitalum igsniog n nooat nsitcejbo

• metsys noitpircsed egaugnal taht sesserdda eht egnellahc fo gnidliub egral
sn os ginsntoniaiovltiaualhmclii isn,fmusomemiotc iegdtlnnneiaettuc enxoe a yteiravfo
. ssmurooef ntdeaeglkoprroewtteehn
ruO hcaorppa ot le dnoomitcartsba fo eht lacisyhp reyal si desab nopu eht yg onlaomdloahKtem
rof c ci.imstaesnsayshdeccootrsp A naml amKetsy sledom si desu ot tcartsb aeht scisyhp dnaa
namlaK tnemerusaem ledom sedivorp ytilibareporetni neewteb etarapsid ecaps-etats
.snoitatneserper ehT namlaK rorre ecnairavoc snoitauqe era desu ot enimreted cimanydledom
ycarucca rof gniganam tcejbo noitagergga dna .noitagerggaed esehT citsahcots stcejboera
deddebme otni eht FSS desab-tcejbo noitalumis dna edivorp roivaheb rof ,srosnes,setilletas
,.ncotietag a,pgonrip tanninoeptna