DTIC ADA457964: Information Management Functions of Joint Command: Six Enduring Keys to Mission Success in a Changing World Environment PDF
Preview DTIC ADA457964: Information Management Functions of Joint Command: Six Enduring Keys to Mission Success in a Changing World Environment
:dnamm otCni o fJsonoitcn utFnemegan anMoitamrofnI Six Enduring Keys To Mission Success In A Changing World Environment D .,hdPral ln. ahRrBooJsseforP . egell ofCfa tsSecr odFemrA ytisrevin Uesnefe DlanoitaN tcartsbA eh thti wgnol aegnellah ctnemegana mnoitamrofn ignisaercn in aeca fsrednammo cyratili mnredoM lanoitida rsteitilibisnopser fo .dnammoc sihT gniworg egnellahc nac eb tem yb gniweiveht dnammoc dna lortnoc ssecorp sa ,xis elbakrow .snoitcnuf ,gnisucoF ,gniretlif ,gnisuf ,gnizinorhcnys gnitanidrooc dna gnissessa ,noitamrofni htiw eht thgir ,sloot elbanetneiciffe .stnemnoriv nxeelpm oycr e nvnie v,elortn odc ndanammoc tneceR sesirc edivorp dilos selpmaxe fo eht sloot deriuqer ot etucexe eseht snoitcnuf sa llewsa s ftr fneoaettti sscdaie mfthft ceisa maonrhroepipp tasc tn r iu .erfffesepioe-hisoenxthurheiTptbs eht lortnoc fo noitamrofni gnirud snoitarepo sa esrevid sa DLOHPU YCARCOMED dna TRESED XOF dna nac od hcum ot evorpmi lanoitar espsoenevitceffe rof seicnegnitnoc nieht future. yB gnisu sloot hcus sa ,tnetni noitazinorhcnys secirtam dna serusaem fo ,ssenevitceffe srednammoc nac laed htiw eht th gnioritamrofni ta eht thgir emit ot eka mgnitasnniomiosdiced ks ierzimin idm nsasenevitcef feezimix alml iywe h,tsi hgtni o nd.Isnoitare ploortn oyclevitis odpna .dna ht anoissi meh tgnihsilpmocc aelihw 1. noitcudortnI nredoM yratilim snoitarepo evah dessentiw a suodnemert esaercni ni noitamrofnignissecorp stnemeriuqer revo eht tsap ytnewt .sraey ehT rebmun dna yteirav fo noitamrofniilumits ,y l yeett hiastln r iufe.ebtokdvar ae aoomdehf s-nhnnlnat Uaao pgmidxnusneihiitcmneoodrtfnoc etalimissa dna esu noitamrofni sah yltnerappa ton desaercni ni .dnik ,suhT eht nredomyratilim ytix eglnpim soeg acgnhenotr elictlawnnlieamh ecngoain tarsamee mdcgrna noafaifmwnmoiorcg .dnammo cf oseitilibisnopse rlanoitidar teh tni osxtsine sictonrepmeg annoaimt a sm ner g agoen ecnfhitbentk el iaymle ebas,rheybchltlufknahT ,snoitcnuf hcae fo hcihw si ,elbaeganam os taht eht llarevo ksat fo gnizinagro dnagnillortnoc noitamrofni nac eb deretsam yb a rednammoc htiw na tneiciff e.ssecorp yB ylreporp gnisueht tcerroc ,sloot srednammoc nac laed htiw eht thgir noitamrofni ta eht thgir emit ot ekam ssenevit ce ez.f is f ,mngyensioneIixiihhatot tmadlro eryptloneo vcsi ntdoinis asogipncietdanimod .dna ht anoissi meh tgnihsilpmocc aelih wksi rezimini mdna ehT xis snoitcnuf fo tni onjoit atmnreomfengianam nac eb dezirammus :sa ,gnisucof,gniretlif Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 1999 2. REPORT TYPE 00-00-1999 to 00-00-1999 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Information Management Functions of Joint Command: Six Enduring 5b. GRANT NUMBER Keys to Mission Success In A Changing World Environment 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Armed Forces Staff College,National Defense Uiversity,Norfolk,VA,23511 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The original document contains color images. 14. ABSTRACT 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 16 unclassified unclassified unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 ,gnisuf ,gnizinorhcnys gnitanidrooc dna gnissessa . 1 hcaE fo eseht snoitcnuf sahdetaicossa yratil ismloot taht p lserhedna msm rodecnb ammermo-ffrfe ap .teysrloemvit ceenfofNe foeseht seuqinhcet si yllaer ,wen tey sa a ,elohw rieht esu dna tcapmi sah ton devieceretairporppa ,noitingoce rdna ynam srednammoc dna sffats era l lgintistnemire phxteiw ssel nevorpsdohtem .de eynletareps eoydse hwto lnfoitamrof ne ihgtnitae rtcuohtiw 2. denial pexgEnell anhoCitamro fenhIT waR atad setubirtnoc elttil ot yratilim .snoitarepo oT eb fo esu ot a ,rednammocdenifernu noitamrofni tsum eb detalsnart otni elbadnatsrednu smret dna dedivorp ni a ylemit .rennamnI rehto ,sdrow ffats troffe tsum eb ,desucof dna a ediw egnar fo s tdceatfarget ndina desurfehtegot ni lufesu segakcap yb eht ffats rof os taht ti nac eb demrofsnart otni lufesu noitamrofnidna ylevitceffe desu yb .srekam-noisiced ,sulP siht denifer noitamrofni tsum eb dereviled oteht sei t ei . svsdxeinei ht otstoTceien t ams l er siieprioentcb mecfdo edodiaindncnfmtiaafcmuamsoc era deriuqer fo lla evitceffe .sffats srednammoC era hystilibisnopser rof reporp tnemeganamfo ,noitamrofni rof yeht tsum ezitiroirp rieht ,sdeen niatniam lanoitautis ssenerawa dnatimsnart sd eleancitirc-nois ssi’mrednam megohnctiyfitn e.dtIro ffff east u secocotnfad ieutgauq e,dyalemit morf lla el b,anloiiatvaamrofn idna gnidivorp meht ni a ylemit noihsaf ,sgdneiekpasmnoisiced setatili c,anfoitanidroo csniatniam a hgih opmet fo ,snoitarepo dna tsom ,yltnatropmi speekeht .evitcao rfpfa td snraednammoc 2 2. 1. Focusing – Illuminating the “Big Picture” sA a tsrif ,pets eht sulprus fo noitamrofni ni eht nredom ecapselttab seriuqer srednammocot n oni ittyhanftma iirvetwoehnfltenedi rites fo e ll bl.aaalti aahdvt ai,g Wsnydinntaaemmpemdoc srednammoc dna rieht sffats tsum etartnecnoc no tahw si ylurt .tnat rnoopimtiamrogfnniIrehtag nac eb yllacisyhp desucof hguorht a yteirav fo .seuqinhcet 3 gnitsiL laitnesse stnemele fo noitamrof nniihtiw a ,sret rganuiqcdnaueohnna e hntoitazitiroir pfo noi tsatmnreomfenriiuqeryb esahp ro ,tneve dna gniyalpsid eht stnemeriuqer tuohguorht eht ecrof lla tsissa nignisucof slau dnio v .il sda e encgh,uiinttstie s ih Yrisrtte acoctshnaanpeo mrini gtoraeorc eneperouolmfni revo ytivitcudorp naht eht latnem noitartnecnoc fo lla srebmem fo eht ecrof hguorht atcniccus tsn’ertendinammoc . 4 1 esehT snoitcnuf evah neeb devired morf na sisylana fo dnammoc dna lortnoc snossel denrael nitnecer tnioj snoitarepo ni ,ailamoS itiaH dna ,ainsoB sa llew sa gnivresbo a seires fo tnioj sesicrexe detcudnoc yb ehtSU Atlantic Command in the Joint Training Analysis and Simulation Center in Suffolk, Virginia. 2 sihT hcaorppa si deohce ni eht tnioJ s’ffatS wen lautpecnoc etalpmet rof eht ,erutuf tpecnoC“ roferutuF Joint Operations: Expanding Joint Vision 2010” (Joint Warfighting Center, May 1997.) 3 Information requirements include the traditional items categorized as essential elements of friendly information (EEFI), essential elements of enemy information (EEI), environmental data including weather and topography, and even factors of allied, national and civil importance which could have an important effect on the progress of a joint campaign. 4 A ,raelc esicnoc s’rednammoc ,tnetni gnidivorp eht krowemarf rof epyt-noissim ,sredro dluohs etaerca latnem erutcip fo sseccus rof yreve rebmem fo eht .ecrof gnitfarC tnetni nac eb a gnignellahc ,ksat esuacebyreve word is important. The commander’s intent normally states the purpose of the mission, specifies what must be accomplished, and defines success for the operation. Intent should determine endstate, and describe how that etatsdne stes snoitidnoc rof sseccus ni erutuf .snoitarepo ,yltneuqerF ti osla snialpxe eht eerged fo ksireht ehT s’rednammoc intent t r so;e fn snf ot uoer iiecioestos f h safisetni tveramesdohhd imttnveorp r en io .fietl gfrittaudn o enuibfeiea wgcsmrzrhfoaeooeieTopmxpcwlte poatoopre ttfenkeacmed se th agn snuw,nioosodrdnir-h- otottpeyiabn ovltcued,tincistndtounnaecruilitmirsmatnotsiceedr me hgtniv i ygsbeitinutrop p foeogatnav dmaumix aemk a otstetanidrob usstimr edpnamm odcesab modeerf ot tpada ot gnignahc ,snoitautis elihw gniniatniam ydaets ssergorp sdrawot eht s’rednammoc dednetni .laog roF eht esoprup fo siht ,repap tnetni swolla a nommocesnes ,s ny w fs ogli ftnnltrnfakianeaahngevcttuddeseinlw o,nsktcnaemer inuoqi ethracm aroootrfpnpia dna gnisuc oeflbaliava troffe no eht tsehg isheitiroirp r.ogfnikamnois idcoeodG tnetnisedivorp la terscayneralcdc inuog ta hswdeen ot e b,nwo ndkna tahw si ot eb eno d hltai mwtiunpinmino sn ow iotthsaurme.pd oeetbcudnoc ehT“ esoprup fo siht ngiapmac si ot tes eht snoitidnoc rof eht nruter fo ycarcomed ot .itiaH 081-FTJ lliw hsilpmocca siht ksat hguorhtsuoenatlumis aes/dn asln/oriitaarepo ot yldipar mlehwrevo dna ezilartue nnaitiaH demrasecrof dna .ecilop sseccuS ni siht ngiapmac si SU snezitic dna ,stseretnidetangised n osin t ot i;ie dsd tsrin edioaasrndfpr nuanet,yocors riecnddttsanrnaiaiunthoitcaH ot liviC yratiliM snoitarepo dna .ITIAHROFSU ecnO eseht snoitidnoc era ”.yolped ed rnIaTIAHROF SorUte vdon alhl i0w81-F T,Jdehsilbatse 5 YCARCO MDELDO HnPoUitar ertponofe tsn’Inotl elhaSreneG roF .S.U ,secrof gnol depeets ni laudividni stiart fo evitaitini dna tsurt fo ,setanidrobustnetni semoceb a yrev lufrewop .loot roF ,elpmaxe tnioj ecr osfrednam m)oscCFJ( yler ylivaeh noeht ecivda fo rieht tnenopmoc ,srednammoc eht ”strepxe“ ni ecivreS ecrof ,tnemyolpme ottfarc lanoitarepo stpecnoc gnihctam htob noissim stnemeriuqer dna eht euqinu seitilibapac forieht noi th .f ag ys oe nusseg epce iotClrec oihnbrcFbehrtlvtemheJintoserfhotfsyfeveotcfssbeSeodp tnenopmoc ecrof .snoit cdaezilartne Cdnammoc dna dezilart nneocietducexe ekam tniojerafraw erom naht eht mus fo lla sti .strap ,tuB dezilartnec endoitucexe setivni laitnetop noisufnocdna ,seitiro ihrspilba tdtsnreao fs fu yecototifliba pshatgciuo r.hsTnoitau txiesl p emndoiiccirt anrefve gniyfinu tnetni si eht tsrif pets drawot reporp tnemeganam fo eseht .sregnad tnetnIsetatilicaf noitanidrooc gnoma gnitropp usstnenopmoc yb gnizigrene eht eritne ecrof htiw a elgnis.noisiv .ks iertagit i omstlo oltaice prs osfll atc u,bdnamm otcni o fjeocnes see hstkr almortn olcaminiM ehT rednammoc osla dluohs evah a tpecnoc fosnoitarepo gninialpxe woh eht tnetni lliweb deirrac .tuo sihT si eht s’rednammoc noitpircsed fo noissim ,noitucexe gnibircsed ehtllarevo lariotf nneosistean in dodrinotaoaczin o , rg sd hnykneciesahnykatyft si,csenpos ietm aefrhoecpso noissim .sseccus ehT rednammoc yllamron seod ton llet setanidrobus woh ot hsilpmoccarieht ,snoissim dna dluohs timil etanidrobus snoitpo ylno nehw hcus snoitcirtser era laitnesserof rednammoc si gnilliw ot tpecca ni na .noitarepo tI osla yam edulcni eht s’rednammoc tnemssessa fo ehtymene commander’s intent, any significant constraints or restrictions on operations, and an assessment of where and how the joint force commander will accept risk during the operation. 5 lareneG s’notlehS tnetni rof noitarepO DLOHPU ,YCARCOMED erehw eh saw ,rednammoC.081-FTJ aihtnyC .L ,nedyaH .de noitarepO dlohpU ,ycarcomeD larO yrotsiH :sweivretnI 091-FTJ (XVIII Airborne Corps, Ft. Bragg, NC.), 1. .noitanidrooc 6 gnidnatsrednU eht s’rednammoc tnetni dna tpecnoc fo snoitarepo spleh .sre dlraonoiti defdcoane s eb tnha dcitsnaeau stsniatro penmtoiartnec nsoectanidrobus se tlntaaoa n ihsi tcw idynu srter ss ’oitcoiusr blnt cteeuiitoidusb sfnlaf eaao etmvehamhteoTrcg rof sseccus neve retfa eht gof fo raw dna eht s’tnenoppo snoitca evah deriuqer segnahc oteht lanigiro tpecnoc fo .snoitarepo ehT s’rednammoc tnetni sevig setanidrobus htob ecnadiugdna .st neetmae nl si ege dgnmrrn ieooiecyhfbthift untsi ,seanhns bus oeeieirdlhspu ptstomiitomtcacla ehT s’rednamm otcnetni spl eshetanidrobus ot krow rehtegot drawot eht derised etatsdnetuohtiw edou tt tidh tng s aaied.lshr d ntotedlsicIn l incnsooaoaaaftfilntpua rnn,eeer phverowederhotruf ezingocer dna ezies nopu eht seitinutroppo taht rucco ni a ,diulf ,citoahc gnivom-tsaftabmoc .noita unteihsW lla esle ,sliaf nehw eh tlanigi rnoal ps e,mdoecteabd tynuceonhewgnsintanlopc on regnol tif eht ,noitautis enoyreve stca nopu eht s’rednammoc .tnetni dooG tnetnispleh .trof fgenisuc osfu h,ttnatrop msniioitamrof ntia hdwnatsred neunoyreve 2.2. gniretliF – gnitarapeS s’tahW laitnessE morf s’tahWelbaliavA tnetnI enola lliw ton edivorp eht rednammoc gnihtyreve dedeen ot ekam ,evitceffeylemit .s nloairsei vcreeeSdht osloot sdenuaq itnshicxeet ot troppu s e lhsatniotintecsns ueffodnammoc dna .lortnoc ,yadoT a ssecorp rof gniretlif noitamrofni si eht txen yrassecen loot rofevitceffe .gnikam-noisiced gniretliF tuo eht laitnesse morf eht laitnesse-non ni eht eguh tnuoma fo noitamrofni elbaliava ot nredom srednammoc sesaercni eht deeps dna ycarucca fo-noisiced .gnikam 7 e m eoglSnb iasrutellta ulvssie efvmr iodtrecf nehip gasyugr roegarpnthiitnliiam r:dtnnoaitacude gninrael tahw si tnatropmi rof lanoitarepo sseccus dna gnikrow rehtegot ot ecuder.ycneiciffeni yc adnrno uaiycttc ai an mvdae riecs s ot calm efctnueaeybneardrntbilheocosetdrniysopitsmiddA laever stnemele fo detad .noitamrofni ehT labolG dnammoC dna lortnoC metsyS nacyalpsid tnerruc ecrof snoitacol ,yllausiv rehtar naht ni nettirw ,mrof suht gnimrof na tnatsni erutcipfo yldneirf ecrof .sutat sspuorgswe Nedivor pla nsoniotiitdadcain usmemuonceva nihtiw ehtterceS tenretnI locotorP retuoR krowteN )TENRPIS( .ytinu mymloectanutro f,ngUniniart noitacudedna nredo msmetsys evah osl adesaercni eyhttivitc u,dso rrfepobmem escuihvtres osla gnidda oteht tnuoma f o .enlobiat lanimoar ivoetafhanTciifi tfnoedi eht s’rednammoC lacitirCnoitamrofnI stnemeriuqeR)RICC( sevig eht rednammoc rehtona dohtem fo gnitagitim eseht stceffedna .noitamrofn igniretli fylreporp s’rednammoC lacitirc noitamrofni stnemeriuqer era noitautis ,tnedneped tub yllamronedulcni stnemele fo eht yldneirf dna ymene ,snoitautis dna srotcaf fo eht tnemnorivneyletaidemmi 6 For example, limitations or restrictions are justifiable when they are mandated to prevent fratricide or limit risk to the entire force; constraints may be necessary to ensure maximized use of transportation assets. 7 Each situation is different, but it is not uncommon for a three star headquarters to receive between one and two hundred peacetime messages per day. Commonly that number increases ten fold upon activation and the start of crisis action planning, so that the staff must wade through nearly two thousand messages per day, with less emit elbaliava rof eht rekam-noisiced ot .tca sihT si tahw emos evah dellac eht“ llafnwod fo eht smetsys”hcaorppa (see the Air-Land-Sea Application Center’s Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Information Management , p. 1-2). .t ngenm ihnRtsoIciiCel sCfpdsfmliaoumcochas edbepol emvoerdf eht tupni fo eht erit,neecrof deweiver rof ycarucca yb yek ffats ,srebmem yllanosrep devorppa yb eht ,rednammocdna detaglumorp tuohguorht eht .ecrof RICC neht emoceb senotsrenroc fo eht noitamrofni tnemeganam .ssecorp ,suoremuN tnecer tnioj ksat ecrof gniniart sesicrexe ta SU citnaltA s’dna mtmno iCgonJ isniisayrlTan A dnnoait aerlteuatmrniteSsC ntoamhetd e hetvitcef feesufo ylt n nas ecrsh ieewnfbsoimai neetfgmraoicmsnri oefhn tift fnnaaitzasim nefgrooc eht RICCdna nac drawrof segnahc ni RICC sutats yletaidemmi ot eht .rednammoc sihT ssecorp fo n o n ito w tnideoaatsni sntad avllis me,eaamnfrenrceooopoiscfsitsntiiiardzci t,inrooiitrapcifitnedi .opm eetcr odf nganikam-noisiced srednammoC lliw syawla deen ,rehto ssel laciti rsctnemele fo ;egdelwonk yeht lliwylirassecen egnah crieht RICC nehw e hnt o.istearu it,uilqsleirtS f,id eytlarne ipRmoIerCspCsid lliwrehtruf etartnecno ceht stroffe fo eht eritne ecrof no c isftinceempesriuq edrna retlif eht eguh tnuomafo no i,tealmbra olyfib naegivrnaeihstaercn ieht etar fo ffats noitca dn,agn idknaamm-mnoocisiced sseldr afgoer ,oh werehw ro ,nehw ro yb ta hdwo hntoe ismet’ha rtm .ersddoienfnanimiamtobCo lacitirrocfni noitam stnemeriuqer era laicurc ot gnisucof eht dnammoc dna lortnocnoitazinagro dna sti troppus metsys no tahw si ,tnatropmi ot dnatsrednu woh“ hcum si doog ”,hguonedna tsiser gninedrubrevo eht .ffats desU ,ylevitceffe RICC nac hsilpmocca eno fo eht tniojecrof .trof fgenizitiroi r:pseitilibisnops etrnatrop mtis osm’rednammoc 2.3. gnisuF –gn igdnniattaserreCdnU ecnO na noitamrofni retlif sah neeb dehsilbatse ot deeps eht thgir stcaf ot eht ,rednammocna dsd lsenuepo o coiet.hooltbssstre ain pversonf ehgsiofldteatiaat cttnnnnasoiiumi frtsoitfdinairt 8 seehhts i f nndfei rnahhyuattttfsinwiat r nedocninat ucsierc fuydlerre pnooriptamr ogfnniitargetnI rednammoc erom etelpmoc egdelwonk fo eht .noitautis noitamrofnI egnahcxe tsum troppuseht lacitrev dna latnoziroh stseuqer rof tupni gnoma ,srednammoc sffats dna .secrof llA slevelfo dnamm otcsum eb elba ot ll un podietdaemern ooft n titnreorprpuucs nro oclellarnaaplp gndinna .noituce xneoissim nosiarieLciffO smaet evig erhetdnam meonco fo eht ts esbdo.hnt oe gimrntoiafgmnraohfcnxie eviti s sodaapets inle es bashrecif fnoosia ifel oseuvitcef fe eh,tnoitare preoosicre xtes aypre vneI nossel .denrael nosiaiL smaet deen ot eb ,elibom elbapac fo ruoh-4 2,snoitarepo dna tsumevah htob yramirp dna pu -skncoaibt a.cyitniulmimboacpac nI tsom ,sesac nosiail sreciffo dluohseb nesohc desab erom nopu rieht ytirailimaf htiw rieht nwo dnammoc dna ,rednammoc nahtnopu edarg .enola ecnO denioj nihtiw a tnioj sretrauqdaeh ,ffats nosiail sreciffo tsum ebdetroppus yllacitsigol dna nevig ssecca ot eht tnioj .rednammo cnosiaiL sreciffo lliw eb gnoma ehttsom devlovni dna ysub srebmem fo eht tnioj ,ffats dna dluohs eb gnoma eht tsom laicifeneb oteht .rednammoc 9 8 These staff functions include manpower, intelligence, operations, logistics, plans, command and control smetsys gnidulcni( ,)snoitacinummoc lacsif ,troppus dna srehto sa deriuqer yb eht .noissim roF tnioj ,secrofyeht must include coordination efforts with both higher headquarters and subordinate component staffs. 9 General Carl Stiner has noted that liaison officers performed admirably during operation JUST CAUSE esuaceb yeht demrofni eht FTJ ,rednammoc deyevnoc a esnes fo eht elttab ot rieht nwo stinu dna detneserpereht erdhoetfriu qeegrdelw oesnhektcud o,rspsener alwaanoitau th itdsiewnib m,oncoitamro fdneisuF rednammoc ot ekam .snoisiced ynaM secruos edivorp lufesu ,noitamrofni ni ynamtnereffid ,smui dden ma dneetttfaom rnoif a yteira vfo .syaw noisuF si ehtgol noi tganm i rfdloonafecnliib morf elpit lsuemcruos otni na ,eta r,uecsciacnoc dnamoc et e.lyprammu sehT slaog fo noisufera ot ecuder noitamrofni ot eht laitnesse stcaf gniraeb no esoht seussi demeed lacitirc yb eht ,rednammoc dna ssecorp siht lacitirc noitamrofni ni thgil fo eht tnerruc ,noitautishguorht lanoitautis ,ssenerawa ot ecudorp .egdelwonk ylreporP desuf dna dessecorprofni ,noitam taeht .ks igrnicud edr nyatniatrec ngunimocre v noriednamm oec hstd i,aeca ldp neam itthgir sA nwohs ni eht margaid ,woleb noisuf nac eb devorpmi yb gnizinagro eht ffats htiw naeye sd r yanglwonroiiettppaoomlr repmovoferndfi war ,atad ot e httn edmeergiduuqje rrofdnammoc .gnik atmA-no ieshitc eedm a,,ssen m o,isie tltceaanhtr et nefg, epfirfmoaleoatlwdseontpunnfiam ,scitsigol ,s nsanlopitacinummo cdna lacsif troppus tsum llits eb .demrofrep ehT tnemeriuqerot hsilpmocca lla eseht sg nyilhstuoenatlumi syam tluser ni a noitacifidom ot eht lanoitidartffats erutcurts dna eht tnempoleved fo a lartnec ffatselttab tnemele ot edivorp desuf ,noitamrofnisa e,lg,tedt uve r.d pel roreon l wfepeztinsofhpdi ilnatunle alktOsaahe mesmitdoecmcitroevcposrp tey yeht oot era gnimoceb ylgnisaercn idetargetni os taht noitamrofni gnirahs secudorp aerom etelpmoc dna lufesu .tcudorp sihT noitazinagro saw desu yb lareneG inniZ gnirudnoitarepO DETINU ,DLEIHS dna rehto tnioj sdnammoc ot edulcni ,MOCASU MOCSNARTSU dna .sra ewy etfs ael hrte vsoerutcur trsalim issdraw ogtniv onme eyblwo lesv aMhOCOSSU snoitarepO lennosreP scitsigoL gnidnatsrednU snalP egdelwonK noitamrofnI ataD erlebhat uoylnaaAwv eottag ieestvhtiitcmteafg fefeno onooti thac munrmoso effsnfsiaetcsorp si tn eemhpto lfeoved a ffats snoitarepomhtyhr . 10 esuiqh iTsnkhncielt eht s eyietkiv iftocaeht thoughts and capabilities necessary for decision making. See the Air Land Sea Application Center’s FTJnosiaiL Handbook , p. I-1. 10 nI emos sdnammoc siht si nwonk sa elttab“ ”.mhtyhr sihT mret saw ton desu esuaceb ti sevigeht rednammoc dna ffats dna stes eht ecap rof eht gninoitcnuf fo dnammoc dna lortnoc nihtiweht .ecrof noitanimreteD fo eht thgir mhtyhr rof a nevig ffats dna noissim sedivorp eht yekot .noit cfafa tds nraednamm olcufsseccus snoitarepO“ ”mhtyhr srefer ot eht dennalp tnemeganam fo eht gnimit dna ecap fo yekstneve nihtiw a .ffats yrevE ffats sah a mht yghnritanimod eh tnoi ttanmermoe fg;nasinsaemcorpemos y s ;lm rlmpiselhmtnh a ticotsfo ysi ior t sh ve tesrtrdgeadficnahrnfeeantefaahfapomttfmomsaoc n adeg a.nmahmtnyuhr yeK gnoma e sdeehltu dsethncesve era e h ,t,ssgsnngoinitisefieecmierdb g ny ile elbnyhla iltii sti frfnuasaooodrvir ensd d isndn.a uanafs ycamfrfesmaefkiotbadCsmtesm lliw ylkciuq dnif taht yeht evah oot ynam sgniteem hcae yad dna oot elttil emit elbaliavarof dlnoart np o lncseathcn eevs eeehltud e shosct esgc noairhpsilba t.sgEnikam-noisi cdtenhdaguoht .ytivitcudo rdp neam ietganam A rednammo csi dellup htob morf ,evoba s tynbeme rmio ur,qfserroine sdna morf ,woleb ybeht sdeen fo roinuj .srednammoc sffatS leef ralimis .stceffe esehT stnemeriuqer tsum osla eb )sCi TgVn(icnerefnocelet-oe d.ifVf aetcs rtonf i yo r sjsoautfbn eefvloeude h ecohs ttdneitargetni won eht derreferp dohtem fo noitacinum mgoncoma ynam ,srednammoc dna yllacipyt ehttnioJ ecr orFednammo Clglniiwc nstencroueidfsn nsoloecacs rehelcveaetes-oedi.vyad 11 fI ehtroines ,esmr nh o sotdfsr iyneae dtharh tseareerahrh lahsetauu ipdq nloedfabhaoace tshsstei ,ysetkneve serteadnni ad em rntmeoaaonbciciu rmsfprfo earsttpmesphdatyhr fo rieht nwo ot erusn eyehtera tpek tnerruc dna nac ssap no lacit inrocitamrofni ot rieh tsetanidrobus ni a ylemit .rennam nIa gnin r d oaaC mhFe Jh,tmhty hsrnoitare pfofa ttsneiciffe nfsiotcef fe ehfetolpma xgeninia rttnecer etadpu feirb ta 0070 dna tem htiw sih roine srednammoc gnisu a CTV ta ,0080 tub did tonssap ev i sts ecidloyteheitlapttwns aneirsdunde iprpahuo b0u 0s g6,n 1giCencTciuVnntdeaeohermp .srednamm oectanidrob urs oyfcnerr uncoitamrof n niyial erduoh-thgie 2.4. Synchronization 12 - Reducing Redundancy and Filling Seams tnioJ ecrof srednamm oecdivorp erom naht snoisiced dna desu fnoitamrofni ot rieht sroinesdna ;setanidrobus yeht osla mrofrep a laicurc noitazinorhcnys noitcnuf rof rieht tnenopmoc .srednammoc larev enSoitazinorhcn yssdohtem nac eb desu ot poleved ygrenys gnomaecivreS tnenopmoc secrof yb gnignirb yek tnenopmoc shtgnerts rehtegot ni emit dna .ecaps ehT noitazinorhcnysxirtam , depoleved gnirud eht esruoc fo noitca tnempoleved ,ssecorpsevres appearance that only warfighting requires such rhythm to be established. “Operations rhythm” carries the same meaning but applies to all forms of military operations. 11 gniruD noitarepo DLOHPU YCARCOMED eht CNIC dna FTJ rednammoc erew elba otetacinummoc with the NCA and all supporting commanders via VTC during the crucial hours preceding the commitment of .secrof si hyTtilibapa csaw yek ot adezino rehmcenhycss fo revuenam ecno eht nalp saw degnahc ni eht lanif.ruoh 12 emoS yam ton eviecrep eht ecnereffid neewteb eht noitazinorhcnys dna noitanidrooc snoitcnuf nihtiwa tnioj .ecrof ,yllaitnessE eht ecnereffid si eno fo gnimit dna .ytiralunarg esuaceB tnioj snoitarepo era detucexe nia decentralized manner, by components with differing capabilities and doctrines, plans need to be synchronized and tnenopmoc sffats deen ot ezinorhcnys detapicitna snoitca llew ni ecnavda fo noitucexe ot erusne mumitpoygrenys si .depoleved ecnO snoitca era nugeb dna eht tnemeganam troffe stfihs ot tnerruc snoitarepo ,sllec eht ksatsemoceb erom noitanidrooc fo gniogno ,snoitca erehw laminim segnahc nac yllamron eb edam yb eht tnioj ecrofffats .ssenevitce flflea r nefovoiotadar ge emtdousohtiw ggnniirnunda lo ptyl aasrcntiorti oittprcacaht ts udmeh seibl pyesmbltopnciectmale ulfmeoeht tnioj .ecrof ecnO depoleved ni hguor gnirud esruoc fo noitca ,tnempoleved eht xirtam si ylla udnein tognhnoi creusdruoc fo nnooiittccae ldn enogsaintiun cnleaixltepnu sttineserephetr tsil fo lla laitnesse snoitca ot eb detucexe yb eht tnioj .ecrof toN detimil ot stroffe hcus saeht xir tnaomitazinorhc ne,yhsstm atertop pluasnr e ntfoxoieti dedsdhnrataeci fnfoos i eafgionlahcxe osla setalerroc esoht yraidisbus sksat eht tnioj ecrof stnenopmoc tsum mrofrep rof hcae rehto– t ns.a e nty cho frleicig iolrrutnn gpaatSa io enmtagdrissoiimanatkemvpaha shaosmeatrrrtpoafni do etye ennh et dhnnwoaitamro f tfneioi mbwo ossondtk e oedhnnwatsre d eonsrturaednammoc wonk . t,i shitsiyWl aan affat s n lsa eadc nnconoiiieim tr vtrwiefeaeorpomtlcref oddfnnaeirehw .stne v feeocneuq edsenna l napriuc cyo agmnidnatsred n nusipag SynchronizationM atrix 1 esahP 2 esahP 3 esahP 4 esahP 5 esahP noitcA taerhT noisiceD tnioP seR tnemg uA yolpeD s QH NOC PtOpeccA yolpeD s QH dna&mmoC CCAF JemussA yolpeD s QH lortn o C retae hNTOCPOkrabmE sOn L yyoollppeeDD ss QQHH ecro Ff owohS vorP riA tp S rewoperiF s prO itAcudnoC & tnemevoM yolpeD/krabmE revue n aM R StcudnoC vorP AD A noitcetorP Est pa CRAS C vorP SEA T Pre noce Rtls A ecc etRartS stegr akTcarT ecnegilletnI retaehT noce R staerhT riA tegraT dnoC RS Est sesa Bgo L Est Log Bases Support Est sesa Bgo L Est esa Bgo L Est Log Bases noitpeceD :stnenopmoC ARFOR ROFVAN ROFFA ROFRAM SOF tnempolev erDed nxuirt anMoitazinorhcn yAS A dnoces no intoaimtraozfinniorhcn ylsoot si eht sredroklawssorc . sihT ssecorp sidetcudnoc t nreem t pffeooahlte vs enar doet idn etr idc aosonrrrtjaoeenftp e foenfahootp me ohtctneicorjof evah dah emit ot poleved rieht gnitroppus snoitarepo .sredro ecnO eseht snoitca era,detelpmoc yek srennalp era thguorb rehtegot ot klaw hguorht hcae esahp fo eht noitarepo morf eht tnenopmoc tniop fo ,weiv ot erusne taht lacitirc gnimit dna gnitroppus snoitca evah neeb .detargetni sihT klawssorc fo sksat sevig ded dganidnatsrednu ot eht tnioj ecrof rednammocdna .snoit at rpfeeop cotn noliclo ajs r mneelaihvaetoistn endtrno eaps c afngeoonrciayfi tf nfyeabdtis tI osla sedivorp etanidrobus srednammoc htiw rieht ,tsrif dna spahrep tseb weiv fo woheht ev ashrednamm oecm o.Setuce xodetnet nsirednamm owcoll erfie hw tod hndaenna lsnpioitarepo neve detc u,dsneoscicrex enwonk s a”,sllirdk cseoerrve“ih twyaltlnaecsiesryphepr klawhguorht .spihsnoital elraita pestartsul l oilted oemlacs-lla mnansooitare peo h ftnooit cyareve 13 13 g nnioriutD aDr LeYOpCHoAPRUCOM EeDht CNIC s tlenadetamnmeevmoa rdopntmuif sihtpecnoc fo eht noitarepo desab nopu a llirdkcor eh dessentiw ta troF ,murD weN.kroY sdra otbni ofrjoebm ucnific e spaysolp mreednamm oeccr otfni oe jh,tslo ogtninna lonptoitid dnaI dn asretne ce zo itsntorrohfcfn eyg snnio hscermaerhetvo fo g ntintihogjifraw gnirudnoitucexe . ehT tnioJ gnitegra TnoitanidrooC draoB )BCTJ( slaed htiw eno fo eht yek smhtyhr fo ehttnioj ,e cer ho g tf ,rnreeeiizldka i crsesoyoa hatctdth epteyemrtf neoa io frdttnfgnnoeeae tdenihitesu fo rewoperif ssorca eht.ecrof 14 roF mu myicxnaemiciff ed nyatilibixel ffo ,noitucex eehttnioj ecrof s’rednammoc seitiroirp era decnuonna llew ni ecnavda fo eht emit deriuqer rof lla stnenopmoc ot etacolla rewoperif .stessa ehT BCTJ nac neht ezylana yna smaes ni,noitucexe ekam lla stnenopmo cerawa fo dennal p,snoitca dna yfitn esdeicruoser taht niame relbaliavarof eevbre stefenhoretmyol pedmhletu o,heslpm ar.xoeeFgn ashrcot cganfinn allapcit idrlcu oehssu ,deriuqer seitiroirp rof noitaiva stessa thgim eb detfihs sa .llew ehT BCTJ dna rehto noitazinorhcnys seidob krow ot etapicitna stnemeriuqer dna ot etargetni eht gninnalp roferutuf 42( ot 8 7.s es )iremtusu ioemsvhhidiTnrtiacmoab o dt;ensgetan rnotoaypofmemnf-hoeotcrcim .ecr oefrit nee h fttoifen eeb hrt olf l fasotrof fee hetzinorhcnys ylralu cl,iast c srsioea nttcpsiic narusomcs n ieeyodtr tminctaetaanpncee iearmoceti rteinhuaTqer ta eht lanoitarepo level fo .raw tA eht lanoitarepo ,level noitapicitna dna ,noitazinorhcnyston noisivrepus fo gniogno ,snoitca evig srednammoc rieht tsom dnuoforp tceffe no sseccusyb gniretslob fo eht shtgnerts dn agnitagitim fo yn asessenkaew fo tnenop msoeccrof ni aevitcaorp .rennam sihT seriu qgenrisucof no erutuf ;stneve ti osla sekam erutu fgninnalp sloot dnaraluger tnemssessa fo ssergorp .yrotadnam enO fo eseht sloot si eht noisiced troppus etalpmet (DST). s’TSD evig eht rednammoc dna ffats a dohtem fo gniniatniam lanoitautis ssenerawa foeht gniogno noitarepo dna gniyfitnedi lacitirc noisiced stniop erehw s’rednammoc noitca yameb .mutnem oemcr onfiatni a omdteriuqer 14 ,yll usfiehp todHrao blliw noos e bdem anno eier thdatrz ait onn)BoiBroShJJc(ny Sro ta tsaetlnioJ Coordination Board (JCB), which more accurately describes its broad functioning – which is much wider than targeting.
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