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DSP Processor Fund Archit Features: Architectures and Features PDF

214 Pages·1997·7.81 MB·English
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DSP Processor IIFlundamentals ANOTETOTHEREADER This bookhas beenelectronicallyreproducedfrom digital informationstoredatJohnWiley&Sons,Inc. Wearepleasedthat the use ofthisnewtechnology will enableustokeepworks ofenduringscholarly valueinprintaslongasthereisareasonabledemand forthem. Thecontentofthisbookisidenticalto previousprintings. Editorial Board John B.Anderson, Editor inChief P.M. Anderson A. H. Haddad P.Laplante M.Eden R. Herrick R.S.Muller M. E.El-Hawary G. F.Hoffnagle W.D. Reeve S. Furui R. F.Hoyte D. J.Wells S. V.Kartalopoulos Dudley R. Kay, DirectorofBook Publishing John Griffin,SeniorAcquisitionsEditor Karen Hawkins, Editor LisaDayne, AssistantEditor LindaMatarazzo, EditorialAssistant Alsoavailablefrom IEEEPress... HANDBOOKOFREAL-TIME FASTFOURIERTRANSFORMS:Algorithmsto ProductTesting Winthrop W.Smith andJoanneM.Smith 1995 Hardcover 496 pp ISBN0-7803-1091-8 ADAIYfEDWAVELETANALYSISFROMTHEORYTOSOFTWARE CopublishedwithButterworth-Heinemann,Inc. MladenVictorWicherhauser 1994 Hardcover 504pp ISBN0-56881-041-5 VLSIDIGITALSIGNALPROCESSORS:An Introductionto RapidPrototypingandDesignSynthesis CopublishedwithAK Peters,Ltd. VijayK.Madisetti 1995 Hardcover 544pp ISBN0-7806-9406-8 DSP Processor Fundamentals Architectures and Features Phil Lapsley JeffBier Amit Shoham BerkeleyDesign Technology, Inc. Edward A. Lee University ofCalifornia at Berkeley +IEEE TheInstituteofElectrical and Electronics Engineers,lnc.,NewYork ffiWILEY ~INTERSCIENCE AJOHNWILEY &SONS, INC.,PUBLICATION NewYork•Chichester•Weinheim•Brisbane•Singapore •Toronto No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored inaretrieval system, ortransmitted inany form or byanymeans,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning orotherwise, except aspermitted underSections 107and 108ofthe 1976United States CopyrightAct, withouteitherthe priorwritten permission ofthe Publisher, or authorization through payment oftheappropriateper copy feeto the CopyrightClearanceCenter, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax(978) 750-4744. Requests to the Publisherfor permission should beaddressed tothe Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012. (212)850-60II,fax (2J2) 850-6008. Evmail: [email protected]. Fororderingand custornerservice,call 1-800-CALL-WILEY. Wiley-IEEE Press ISBN 0-7803-3405-1 © 1994-1996 by Berkeley DesignTechnology, Inc. This isthe IEEE reprintingofa book previously published byBerkeley DesignTechnology, Inc., 39355 CaliforniaStreet, Suite206, Fremont,CA 94538. (510) 791-9100 ISBN 0-7803-3405-1 LibraryofCongress Cataloging-in-PublicationData DSP processorfundamentals: architectures and features /Phil Lapsley ... [etal.]. Includesindex. ISBN0-7803-3405-1 (pbk.) 1.Signal processing-Digital techniques-Equipmentand supplies. 2.Microprocessors. I.Lapsley, Phil(date) TK5102.9.D754 1997 621.382'2'0285416-dc20 96-41738 CIP To Svend Pedersen, Ira J. Meyer, Yair Shoham, and Dave Messerschmitt Contents Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii 1. Digital Signal Processing and DSP Systems 1 1.1 Advantages ofDSP 1 1.2 Characteristics ofDSPSystems 2 1.3 Classes of DSPApplications 6 2. DSP Processors, Embodiments, and Alternatives 9 2.1 DSP Processors 9 2.2 DSP ProcessorEmbodiments 12 2.3 Alternatives toCommercialDSPProcessors 18 3. Numeric Representations and Arithmetic 21 3.1 Fixed-PointversusFloating-Point 21 3.2 NativeDataWordWidth 27 3.3 Extended Precision 27 3.4 Floating-PointEmulationand BlockFloating-Point 28 3.5 IEEE-754 Floating-Point 30 3.6 RelationshipbetweenDataWordSizeand Instruction Word Size 30 4. Data Path 31 4.1 Fixed-PointDataPaths 31 4.2 Floating-PointDataPaths 43 4.3 Special FunctionUnits 47 5. Memory Architecture 49 5.1 Memory Structures 51 5.2 FeaturesforReducingMemoryAccess Requirements 55 vii DSP Processor Fundamentals: Architectures and Features 5.3 Wait States 58 5.4 ROM 60 5.5 External Memory Interiaces 60 5.6 Customization 65 6. Addressing 67 6.1 Implied Addressing 68 6.2 Immediate Data 68 6.3 Memory-Direct Addressing 68 6.4 Register-Direct Addressing 69 6.5 Register-Indirect Addressing 69 6.6 Short Addressing Modes 75 7. Instruction Set 79 7.1 Instruction Types 79 7.2 Registers 84 7.3 Parallel Move Support 86 7.4 Orthogonality 87 7.5 Assembly Language Format 89 8. Execution Control 91 8.1 Hardware Looping 91 8.2 Interrupts 94 8.3 Stacks 98 8.4 Relative Branch Support 98 9. Pipelining 99 9.1 Pipelining and Performance 99 9.2 Pipeline Depth 101 9.3 Interlocking 101 9.4 Branching Effects 104 9.5 Interrupt Effects 106 9.6 Pipeline Programming Models 108 10. Peripherals 111 10.1 Serial Ports 111 10.2 Timers 116 10.3 Parallel Ports 117 viii Contents 10.4 Bit 1/0 Ports 118 10.5 Host Ports 118 10.6 Communications Ports 118 10.7 On-Chip AID and DIA Converters 119 10.8 External Interrupts 120 10.9 Implications forthe System Designer 120 11. On-Chip Debugging Facilities 121 11.1 Scan-Based Debugging/Emulation Facilities 121 12. Power Consumption and Management 125 12.1 Low-Voltage Operation 125 12.2 Power Management Features 126 13. Clocking 129 14. Price and Packaging 131 14.1 Example Prices 131 14.2 Packaging 132 15. Fabrication Details 135 15.1 Feature Size 135 15.2 Operating Voltage 136 15.3 Die Size 136 16. Development Tools 137 16.1 Assembly Language Tools 137 16.2 High-Level Language Development Tools 152 16.3 Block-Diagram-Based Programming Tools 155 16.4 Real-Time Operating Systems 156 16.5 Multimedia Environments 157 17. Applications Support 159 17.1 Documentation 159 17.2 Applications Engineers 160 17.3 Telephone Support 161 17.4 Bulletin Boards 161 17.5 Training 162 17.6 Third-Party Support 162 ix DSP Processor Fundamentals: Architectures and Features 18. Conclusions 165 18.1 Choosing a Processor Architecture 165 18.2 DSP Processor Trends 166 Appendix: Vendor Contact Information 171 References and Bibliography 175 Glossary 179 Index 203 About the Authors 209 x

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This cutting-edge, practical guide brings you an independent, comprehensive introduction to DSP processor technology. A thorough tutorial and overview of DSP architectures, this book incorporates a broad range of today's product offerings in examples that illustrate DSP features and capabilities. Th
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