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Doing Interviews (Qualitative Research Kit) PDF

209 Pages·2018·0.877 MB·English
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Preview Doing Interviews (Qualitative Research Kit)

DOING INTERVIEWS Doing Interviews by Svend Brinkmann and Steinar Kvale is the second volume in The SAGE Qualitative Research Kit. This book can be used together with the other titles in the Kit as a com- prehensive guide to the process of doing qualitative research, but is equally valuable on its own as a practical introduction to doing interviews. Fully updated and expanded to ten volumes, this second edition of the Kit presents the most extensive introduction to the state-of-the-art of qualitative research. COMPLETE LIST OF TITLES IN THE SAGE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH KIT • Designing Qualitative Research Uwe Flick • Doing Interviews Svend Brinkmann and Steinar Kvale • Doing Ethnography Amanda Coffey • Doing Focus Groups Rosaline Barbour • Using Visual Data in Qualitative Research Marcus Banks • Analyzing Qualitative Data Graham R. Gibbs • Doing Conversation, Discourse and Document Analysis Tim Rapley • Doing Grounded Theory Uwe Flick • Doing Triangulation and Mixed Methods Uwe Flick • Managing Quality in Qualitative Research Uwe Flick MEMBERS OF THE EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Kathy Charmaz Sonoma University, USA Amanda Coffey Cardiff University, UK John Creswell University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA Norman K. Denzin University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, USA Sonia Livingstone London School of Economics, UK Joseph A. Maxwell George Mason University, USA Michael Murray Keele University, Keele, UK Judith Preissle University of Georgia, USA Clive Seale Brunel University, UK DOING INTERVIEWS SVEND BRINKMANN STEINAR KVALE THE SAGE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH KIT 2ND EDITION Uwe Flick Edited by SAGE Publications Ltd  Svend Brinkmann and Steinar Kvale 2018 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road First published 2007. Reprinted 2008, 2009 (twice), 2010, London EC1Y 1SP 2011 (twice), 2012, 2013, 2014. SAGE Publications Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or 2455 Teller Road private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Thousand Oaks, California 91320 Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduc- Mathura Road tion, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by New Delhi 110 044 the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd publishers. 3 Church Street #10-04 Samsung Hub Singapore 049483 Editor: Mila Steele Library of Congress Control Number: 2017932321 Assistant editor: John Nightingale Production editor: Victoria Nicholas British Library Cataloguing in Publication data Copyeditor: Andy Baxter Proofreader: Rosemary Campbell A catalogue record for this book is available from Marketing manager: Ben Griffin-Sherwood the British Library Cover design: Shaun Mercier Typeset by C&M Digitals (P) Ltd, Chennai, India Printed in the UK ISBN 978-1-47391-295-3 (pbk) At SAGE we take sustainability seriously. Most of our products are printed in the UK using FSC papers and boards. When we print overseas we ensure sustainable papers are used as measured by the PREPS grading system. We undertake an annual audit to monitor our sustainability. CONTENTS List of illustrations vii Editorial introduction by Uwe Flick ix About this book and its second edition by Uwe Flick xv Preface xvii Acknowledgements xxi 1 Introduction to interview research 1 2 Epistemological issues of interviewing 13 3 Ethical issues of interviewing 27 4 Planning an interview study 39 5 Conducting an interview 57 6 Interview variations 73 7 Interview quality 89 8 Transcribing interviews 105 9 Analyzing interviews 115 10 Validation and generalization of interview knowledge 139 vi doing interviews 11 Reporting interview knowledge 149 12 Enhancing interview quality 159 Glossary 169 References 175 Index 181 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS BOXES 1.1 An interview on grading 2 1.2 An interview on teamwork 4 1.3 An interview with two young men 4 2.1 Power asymmetry in qualitative research interviews 18 3.1 Ethical issues at seven research stages 28 3.2 Ethical questions at the start of an interview study 31 4.1 Seven stages of an interview inquiry 40 4.2 Seven stages of a grade study 45 5.1 Demonstration interview 59 5.2 Interview questions 67 5.3 Linguistic forms of questions 69 5.4 Second questions 70 6.1 Piaget’s interview about a child’s dreams 75 6.2 A craftsman’s narrative 82 6.3 An active challenging interview 85 7.1 Hamlet’s interview 90 7.2 Quality criteria for an interview 92 viii doing interviews 7.3 Interviewer qualifications 93 7.4 Crossing interview discourses 95 7.5 Standard criticisms of qualitative interviews 97 8.1 Transcription for conversation analysis 110 9.1 Six steps of analysis 116 9.2 Ad hoc techniques of interview analysis 133 11.1 Investigating with the final report in mind 153 12.1 Learning interviewing by transcribing interviews 161 12.2 An interview practicum 162 FIGURES 5.1 Research questions and interview questions 66 9.1 Categorization of the teacher–pupil relationship 123 TABLES 2.1 Qualitative interviews as research instruments and social practices 21 4.1 From interview statements to questionnaire items 50 9.1 Modes of interview analysis 120 9.2 Meaning condensation 124 10.1 Contexts of interpretation and communities of validation 145 EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION Uwe Flick INTRODUCTION TO THE SAGE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH KIT In recent years, qualitative research has enjoyed a period of unprecedented growth and diversification as it has become an established and respected research approach across a variety of disciplines and contexts. An increasing number of students, teachers and practitioners are facing questions and problems of how to do qualita- tive research – in general and for their specific individual purposes. To answer these questions, and to address such practical problems on a how-to-do level, is the main purpose of The SAGE Qualitative Research Kit. The books in The SAGE Qualitative Research Kit collectively address the core issues that arise when we actually do qualitative research. Each book focuses on key methods (e.g. interviews or focus groups) or materials (e.g. visual data or discourse) that are used for studying the social world in qualitative terms. Moreover, the books in the Kit have been written with the needs of many different types of reader in mind. As such, the Kit and the individual books will be of use to a wide variety of users: • Practitioners of qualitative research in the social sciences; medical research; mar- keting research; evaluation; organizational, business and management studies; cognitive science; etc., who face the problem of planning and conducting a specific study using qualitative methods. • University teachers and lecturers in these fields using qualitative methods can use this series as a basis of their teaching.

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